Kemerovo
Kemerovo (Russian: Ке́мерово, IPA: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəvə]) is an industrial city and the administrative center of Kemerovo Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Iskitimka and Tom Rivers, in the major coal mining region of the Kuznetsk Basin. Population: 557,119 (2021 Census);[14] 532,981 (2010 Census);[6] 484,754 (2002 Census);[15] 520,263 (1989 Census).[16]
Kemerovo Кемерово | |
|---|---|
View of Kemerovo | |
Flag Coat of arms | |
| Anthem: none[2] | |
Kemerovo Location of Kemerovo Kemerovo Kemerovo (Kemerovo Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 55°22′N 86°04′E / 55.367°N 86.067°ECoordinates: 55°22′N 86°04′E / 55.367°N 86.067°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kemerovo Oblast[1] |
| Founded | May 9, 1918[3] |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Council of People's Deputies[4] |
| • Head[4] | Ilya Sereduk[5] |
| Elevation | 140 m (460 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 532,981 |
| • Estimate (2018)[7] | 558,973 (+4.9%) |
| • Rank | 30th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | Kemerovo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Capital of | Kemerovo Oblast[8], Kemerovsky District[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Kemerovsky Urban Okrug[9] |
| • Capital of | Kemerovsky Urban Okrug[9], Kemerovsky Municipal District[9] |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4 [10]) |
| Postal code(s)[11] | 650000–650004, 650010, 650014, 650016, 650021, 650023–650026, 650029, 650031–650033, 650035, 650036, 650040, 650042–650044, 650051, 650052, 650054–650056, 650060, 650061, 650064–650066, 650068, 650070, 650071, 650700, 650880, 650890, 650899, 650920, 650940–950957, 650960, 650961, 650971–650979, 650991–650993, 650997–650999 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3842 |
| OKTMO ID | 32701000001 |
| City Day | June 12[12] |
| Website | www |
The city was known as Shcheglovsk until March 27, 1932.[3]
History
Kemerovo is an amalgamation of, and successor to, several older Russian settlements. A waypoint named Verkhotomsky ostrog was established nearby in 1657 on a road from Tomsk to Kuznetsk fortress. In 1701, the settlement of Shcheglovsk was founded on the left bank of the Tom; soon it became a village. By 1859, seven villages existed where modern Kemerovo is now: Shcheglovka (or Ust-Iskitimskoye), Kemerovo (named in 1734), Yevseyevo, Krasny Yar, Kur-Iskitim (Pleshki), Davydovo (Ishanovo), and Borovaya. In 1721, coal was discovered in the area. The first coal mines were established in 1907, later a chemical plant was established in 1916. By 1917, the population of Shcheglovo had grown to around 4,000 people.
The area's further development was boosted by the construction of a railway between Yurga and Kolchugino (now Leninsk-Kuznetsky) with a connection between Topki and Shcheglovo. Shcheglovo was granted town status on May 9, 1918, which is now considered to be the date of Kemerovo's founding;[3] and was later known as Shcheglovsk. The town became the central location for the Kuzbass Autonomous Industrial Colony which was established there in 1921. 650 workers from 20 countries settled there and set up what became the Kemerovo Coke Chemical Plant. Some of their descendants visited the modern factory in 2011.[17] On May 27, 1932, Shcheglovsk was renamed Kemerovo[3] and became the administrative center of Kemerovo Oblast in 1943. In 2018, 60 people were killed by a fire in a shopping mall.[18] In 2022, at least 20 people were killed by a fire in a nursing home.
Etymology
The city was named after the village of Kemerovo, named after the surname of the first settlers of the Kemerovs. The ending "ovo" suggests a toponymic transition through a personal name.[19] The village gave its name to the Kemerovo mine that arose under it. In 1925, the city of Scheglovsk was formed from two neighboring villages Kemerovo and Scheglovo, which in 1932 was renamed to Kemerovo after the name of the mine. According to another version, the name is based on the Turkic word kemer - "cliff, coast, cliff".[20][21] The inhabitants of the city are called: Kemerovochanin, Kemerovochanka, Kemerovochane.[22][23]
Administrative and municipal status
Kemerovo is the administrative center of the oblast[8] and, within the framework of administrative divisions, it also serves as the administrative center of Kemerovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Kemerovo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Kemerovo City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Kemerovsky Urban Okrug.[9]
Economy
The industrialization of Kemerovo was driven and underpinned by coal mining and by the heavy industry based on the availability of coal. It remains an important industrial city, built up during the Soviet period, with important steel, aluminum and machinery based manufacturing plants along with chemical, fertilizer, and other manufacturing industries. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the city's industries have experienced a severe decline, creating high levels of unemployment. Major companies based in the city include Siberian Business Union.
Transportation
Public transport
The public transport network of Kemerovo consists of 70 city bus routes (including 6 seasonal), 63 suburban (including 35 seasonal), 53 public taxi routes (including 2 seasonal), 5 tram, and 9 trolleybus routes.[24]
686 transport units enter the streets of the city every day, including:
- 201 buses of city and suburban routes;
- 364 units of route taxis;
- 121 units of electric transport.[25]
The fare in public transport is 20 rubles, in express buses - 21 rubles, in fixed-route taxis - 22 rubles (as of March 24, 2019).[26] Free Wi-Fi was used in all Kemerovo trams to attract passenger traffic.[27]
Air transportation
The city is served by Kemerovo International Airport that reside 2.5 kilometres to the south-east of the city. It has one runway with artificial turf of class B that length is 3200 meters. The airport is named after the Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, a native of Kuzbass. There are two bus routes to the airport - 101 and 126.
Railway transportation
Kemerovo is linked to western Russia by a branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway and has the Kemerovo Railway station.
NefAZ-5299 bus
BTZ-52761 trolleybus
KTM-19 tram
Kemerovo railroad station
Education
Six higher education institutions are located in Kemerovo: Kemerovo State University, Kuzbass State Technical University, Kemerovo Institute of Food Industry (University), Kemerovo State Medical Academy, Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, Kemerovo Agricultural Institute and Kuzbass Economy and Justice Institute.
Sports
The public interest for bandy is widespread in Russia. 26,000 watched the opening game of the 2011–12 Russian Bandy League when local club Kuzbass played against Dynamo Moscow[28] and Kuzbass is among the very best in the Russian Bandy League.[29] The 2007 Bandy World Championship was held in the city.[30] Female bandy only exists in a few places in Russia. Now Kemerovo is about to start it up.[31][32] Moscow already had two multi-use indoor arenas where bandy can be played. Kemerovo got the first one in Russia specifically built for bandy[33] (today also Khabarovsk and Ulyanovsk have it).[34] Kuzbass plays the matches in the league at Khimik Stadium because of the big public interest. That arena has a capacity of 32000.[35] As it also is equipped with artificial ice, Kemerovo has the best infrastructure for developing bandy in Russia.[36]
Since 2013 there has been a "bandy on boots" tournament for national diasporas living in Kuzbass.[37]
Climate
Kemerovo's position gives it a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with warm summers and long, severely cold winters. Its average temperatures vary from −17 °C (1 °F) in January to 19 °C (66 °F) in July. It has fairly low precipitation of around 525 mm (20.7 in) annually.
| Climate data for Kemerovo (1991–2020, extremes 1955–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.0 (42.8) | 6.8 (44.2) | 14.6 (58.3) | 30.2 (86.4) | 34.4 (93.9) | 35.1 (95.2) | 38.0 (100.4) | 36.3 (97.3) | 33.1 (91.6) | 24.5 (76.1) | 13.8 (56.8) | 5.8 (42.4) | 38.0 (100.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −12.7 (9.1) | −8.7 (16.3) | −0.4 (31.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 18.6 (65.5) | 23.9 (75.0) | 25.7 (78.3) | 23.1 (73.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 7.6 (45.7) | −3.5 (25.7) | −10.1 (13.8) | 7.4 (45.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.3 (0.9) | −14.5 (5.9) | −6.4 (20.5) | 3.3 (37.9) | 11.2 (52.2) | 17.1 (62.8) | 19.3 (66.7) | 16.4 (61.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 2.6 (36.7) | −7.3 (18.9) | −14.4 (6.1) | 1.6 (34.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −21.7 (−7.1) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −11.6 (11.1) | −2.0 (28.4) | 4.6 (40.3) | 10.7 (51.3) | 13.4 (56.1) | 10.9 (51.6) | 4.8 (40.6) | −1.2 (29.8) | −10.8 (12.6) | −18.7 (−1.7) | −3.4 (25.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.9 (−54.2) | −47.1 (−52.8) | −39.9 (−39.8) | −32.4 (−26.3) | −12.6 (9.3) | −5.7 (21.7) | 0.5 (32.9) | −1.2 (29.8) | −9.4 (15.1) | −27.9 (−18.2) | −39.5 (−39.1) | −48.4 (−55.1) | −48.4 (−55.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29 (1.1) | 22 (0.9) | 21 (0.8) | 25 (1.0) | 42 (1.7) | 65 (2.6) | 78 (3.1) | 63 (2.5) | 47 (1.9) | 44 (1.7) | 46 (1.8) | 43 (1.7) | 525 (20.7) |
| Average rainy days | 0.3 | 0.3 | 2 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 103 |
| Average snowy days | 22 | 19 | 16 | 10 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 20 | 24 | 125 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 79 | 78 | 75 | 67 | 58 | 67 | 73 | 76 | 75 | 77 | 80 | 80 | 74 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 60 | 99 | 165 | 207 | 255 | 282 | 299 | 240 | 161 | 96 | 58 | 43 | 1,965 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[38] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Climatebase (sun 1955–2012)[39] | |||||||||||||
City symbols
Coat of arms
The heraldic description of the coat of arms of the city of Kemerovo is the following: in the crossed scarlet and black field, there is a narrow golden belt in the form of two diverging heads of grain ears, behind them there is a golden cogwheel that goes down; there is a silver retort in the middle, its neck tilted to the right.
The figures of the coat of arms of the city of Kemerovo symbolize the historically established main directions of the industrial development of the city:
- retort - chemical industry;
- cogwheel - mechanical engineering;
- ears of corn - the fertility of the land associated with the use of mineral fertilizers produced at the chemical enterprises of the city.
The colors used in the coat of arms symbolize:
- scarlet (red) - work, courage, energy, and strength;
- black color - wisdom, as well as the main wealth of the region, the center of which is the city of Kemerovo, - coal;
- silver (white) - pure thoughts, reliability, and kindness;
- gold (yellow) - wealth and prosperity.[40]
Flag
The flag of the city of Kemerovo is based on the city's coat of arms and repeats its symbolism. It is a rectangular double-sided panel with a width to length ratio of 2:3. It displays figures from the coat of arms of the city of Kemerovo. The colors used are red, black, yellow, and white. [40]
Emblem
The emblem of Kemerovo displays the monument of Mikhailo Volkov, the discoverer of coal in the area. The sculpture of Mikhailo Volkov displayed on the pedestal fragment styled like a rock. Behind the monument, there is a black triangle that symbolizes a spoil tip. The inscription of the city's name ("Кемерово" in Russian) resides on the diagonal from the left bottom side of the triangle. In the black part of the triangle, the year of the foundation of the city is displayed - "1918".[40]
Numismatics
In 2018 Bank of Russia issued into circulation the commemorative silver coin in denomination of 3 rubles "Centenary of the Foundation of Kemerovo" which displays the statue of Mikhailo Volkov.[41]
Notable people
- Yuri Arbachakov, boxer
- Maria Barakova, mezzo-soprano; winner of Glinka and Tchaikovsky classical music competitions
- Andreas Beck, association football player
- Diana Borisova, rhythmic gymnast
- Julia Chernogorova, Great British Bake Off contestant
- Marina Domashenko, opera singer
- Vyacheslav Ivanenko, retired race walker
- Alexei Leonov, cosmonaut; honorable citizen of Kemerovo
- Alexandra Merkulova, retired rhythmic gymnast
- Slava Mogutin, artist
- Wladimir Sukhatsky, TV producer
- Aman Tuleyev, governor of Kemerovo Oblast
- Nikolai Knyzhov, NHL player for the San Jose Sharks
- Artem Vakhitov, kickboxer
- Yuliya Karimova, Russian-born Azerbaijani volleyball player
Twin towns – sister cities
- Salgótarján, Hungary
Gallery
Victory Park (Парк Победы) or Zhukov's Park (Парк имени Жукова) in Kemerovo]
See also
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g Law #215-OZ
- ^ According to Article 6 of the Charter of Kemerovo, the symbols of Kemerovo include a flag, a coat of arms, and an emblem, but not an anthem.
- ^ a b c d Charter of Kemerovo, Article 1
- ^ a b Charter of Kemerovo, Article 10
- ^ Official website of Kemerovo. Valery Konstantinovich Yermakov September 23, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, Head of the City (in Russian)
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b Charter of Kemerovo Oblast, Article 2
- ^ a b c d Law #104-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Charter of Kemerovo, Article 6
- ^ Kemerovo Oblast Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Численность населения муниципальных образований Кемеровской области на начало года July 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ . www.koksgroup.ru. KOKS group. Archived from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
- ^ "Russia fire: Children killed in Kemerovo shopping centre blaze". BBC News. March 25, 2018. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ Мурзаев Э. М. Словарь народных географических терминов. М.: 1984 — С. 248
- ^ Мурзаев Э. М., Мурзаева В. Э. Словарь местных географических терминов. — М.: Госиздат географической литературы, 1959. — С. 108.
- ^ Никонов В. А. Краткий топонимический словарь. — М.: Мысль, 1966. — С. 186.
- ^ Городецкая И. Л., Левашов Е. А. Русские названия жителей: Словарь-справочник. — М.: Русские словари, Астрель, АСТ, 2003. — С. 138.
- ^ Алабугина Ю. В.с Новый орфографический словарь русского языка с приложением. — М.: АСТ, 2016. — С. 411.
- ^ САРДАКОВА, Екатерина (May 25, 2011). "На кемеровских остановках появилось новое расписание общественного транспорта". kem.kp.ru.
- ^ "Торжественное мероприятие, посвященное дню работника автомобильного и городского пассажирского транспорта и подведение итогов конкурса на звание «Лучший по профессии» | УЕЗТУ".
- ^ "В Кемерове изменилась стоимость проезда по безналичному расчету". April 3, 2019.
- ^ "Â êåìåðîâñêèõ òðàìâàÿõ ïîÿâèëñÿ áåñïëàòíûé Wi-Fi". Interfax.ru.
- ^ "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ KuzbassBandyClub (November 29, 2009). "Кузбасс - Боровичи.avi". Archived from the original on December 11, 2021 – via YouTube.
- ^ OrangeMaxim (August 1, 2011). "ЧМ по хоккею с мячом. Кемерово 2007. Все голы финала.mpg". Archived from the original on December 11, 2021. Retrieved March 25, 2018 – via YouTube.
- ^ . Archived from the original on November 29, 2009. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
- ^ . Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved December 4, 2009.
- ^ "Информация о стадионе "КЛД стадиона «Химик", Кемерово - Реестр - Федерация хоккея с мячом России". rusbandy.ru.
- ^ "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ "Google Translate". translate.google.co.uk. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ "Google Translate". translate.google.com. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
- ^ "Weather and Climate - Climate of Kemerovo" (in Russian). Погода и климат. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
- ^ "Kemerovo, Kemerovo, Russia #29645". Climatebase. Retrieved November 12, 2021.
- ^ a b c "Администрация города Кемерово". kemerovo.ru.
- ^ "Centenary of the Foundation of Kemerovo | Bank of Russia". www.cbr.ru.
- ^ "Кемерово". planetatalantov.ru (in Russian). Planeta Talantov. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
Sources
- Законодательное Собрание Кемеровской области. №10-ОЗ 5 июня 1997 г. «Устав Кемеровской области», в ред. Закона №65-ОЗ от 8 июля 2015 г. «О внесении поправки в Устав Кемеровской области». Вступил в силу по истечении 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кузбасс", №102, 11 июня 1997 г. (Legislative Assembly of Kemerovo Oblast. #10-OZ June 5, 1997 Charter of Kemerovo Oblast, as amended by the Law #65-OZ of July 8, 2015 On Amending the Charter of Kemerovo Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the official publication.).
- Кемеровский городской Совет народных депутатов. Постановление №253 от 24 июня 2005 г. «Устав города Кемерово», в ред. Решения №437 от 27 ноября 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Устав города Кемерово». Вступил в силу 1 января 2006 г. Опубликован: "Кемерово", №28, приложение "Официально", 8 июля 2005 г. (Kemerovo City Council of People's Deputies. Resolution #253 of June 24, 2005 Charter of the City of Kemerovo, as amended by the Decision #437 of November 27, 2015 On Amending the Charter of the City of Kemerovo. Effective as of January 1, 2006.).
- Совет народных депутатов Кемеровской области. Закон №215-ОЗ от 27 декабря 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кемеровской области», в ред. Закона №131-ОЗ от 22 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Кемеровской области "О статусе и границах муниципальных образований" и Закон Кемеровской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Кемеровской области"». Вступил в силу в день, следующий за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кузбасс", №243, 28 декабря 2007 г. (Council of People's Deputies of Kemerovo Oblast. Law #215-OZ of December 27, 2007 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kemerovo Oblast, as amended by the Law #131-OZ of December 22, 2014 On Amending the Law of Kemerovo Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations" and the Law of Kemerovo Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Kemerovo Oblast". Effective as of the day following the official publication date.).
- Совет народных депутатов Кемеровской области. Закон №104-ОЗ от 17 декабря 2004 г. «О статусе и границах муниципальных образований», в ред. Закона №123-ОЗ от 22 декабря 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Кемеровской области "О статусе и границах муниципальных образований"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Кузбасс", №242, 24 декабря 2004 г. (Council of People's Deputies of Chelyabinsk Oblast. Law #104-OZ of December 17, 2004 On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations, as amended by the Law #123-OZ of December 22, 2015 On Amending the Law of Kemerovo Oblast "On the Status and the Borders of the Municipal Formations". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links
Media related to Kemerovo at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website of Kemerovo (in Russian)
- Kemerovo Business Directory (in Russian)