Kaziuko mugė or Saint Casimir's Fair[1] is a large annual folk arts and crafts fair in Vilnius, Lithuania, dating to the beginning of the 17th century. The fair is traditionally held in city's markets and streets on the Sunday nearest to 4 March (Feast of St. Casimir), the anniversary of Saint Casimir's death. In Lithuanian, Kaziukas is a diminutive of Casimir. Today, Saint Casimir's fair also features music, dance, theater performances; it attracts tens of thousands of visitors and many craftsmen from across Lithuania as well as from neighbouring countries such as Latvia, Russia, and Poland.[2] In recent years, the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania, Belarus, Poland.
St. Casimir, son of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV, was canonized in 1602.[2] In conjunction with his feast day celebrations, merchants established a fair. In 1827, they received a privilege to hold the fair in the Cathedral Square. In 1901, after a monument to Catherine the Great was unveiled in the Cathedral Square, the fair was moved to Lukiškės Square.[3] During the Soviet era, the fair was held in Kalvarijos Market. In 1991, it returned to the Old Town of Vilnius.[2] It was first held in Pilies Street but has since grown to span Gediminas Avenue, traverse the Cathedral Square, and branch out into Pilies Street, B. Radvilaitės Street, passing St. Anne's Church, and the OrthodoxCathedral of the Theotokos, and into the Tymas' Quarter on the left bank of Vilnia River near Užupis.[4] It is estimated that as of 2013, the fair attracted 2,000 merchants and half a million visitors over three days (Friday to Sunday).[5] In 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the fair will be held online. Previously, the fair did not take place only during World War II.[6]
The arts and crafts at the fair include hand-made goods from local craftsmen, such as woven and knitted clothes, footwear, toys, utensils, pots and jugs, jewelry, souvenirs, and paintings. Traditional foodstuffs include rye bread, bubliks, gingerbread, natural honey, beer, gira, and colorfully wrapped hard candy. Crafts represented include wood carvers, blacksmiths, potters, weavers and knitters, wicker weavers.[12]
Easter palms (Lithuanian: verbos, singular: verba) are one of the fair's specialties. They are made of colourful dried wild flowers and herbs (about 150 different varieties of plants are used) tied around a wooden stick.[3] Traditionally, they were taken to churches on Palm Sunday. Verba has become a traditional symbol of spring and Easter. However, it is an endangered craft.[3] Making verba is difficult and time-consuming process. It is becoming increasingly difficult to find flowers and herbs or special dies to color them. The buyers are wary that the dried plants would cause allergic reactions.[3]
Another signature product at the fair is the Casimir's Heart, a heart-shaped gingerbread decorated with sugar patterns and figures (flowers, zigzags, birds, etc.) or popular given names. People buy them to give to their loved ones. It is customary to bring back some these to those who could not attend.
References
^Note: Kaziukas is a Lithuanian diminutive for the name Kazimieras, or Casimir
^ abcdDumalakas, Arūnas (2015-03-07). (in Lithuanian). Lietuvos rytas. Archived from the original on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-04-26.
^Savickienė, Daiva (2008-02-21). (in Lithuanian). Vilnius City Municipality. Archived from the original on 2011-06-04.
^"Specialiai Balsas.lt: į Kaziuko mugę – klumpių ir pasivažinėti su malūnu". TV3. 2013-02-08. Retrieved 2015-04-26.
^Andrukaitytė, Milena (21 February 2021). "Vilniaus Kaziuko mugė šiemet vyks internete Roko Lukoševičiaus" (in Lithuanian). 15min. Retrieved 21 February 2021.
^Lewandowska, Izabela (2007). "The tradition and the contemporary of multiculturalism in Warmia and Masuria". Region and Regionalism. University of Łódź, Silesian Institute of Opole. 2 (8): 101.
^Frymus, Małgorzata (4 March 2013). "Kiermasz i koncert, czyli Kaziuki po szczecińsku" (in Polish). Polskie Radio Szczecin.
^Polejowski, Karol. (in Polish). Gdansk.pl. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.
^"Kaziuk Wileński w niedzielę w Poznaniu" (in Polish). Gazeta Wyborcza. 29 February 2008.
^"W Grodnie rozpoczęły się Kaziuki". polskieradio.pl (in Polish). IAR. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
^"Saint Casimir's Fair". Lithuanian State Department of Tourism. Retrieved 2015-04-26.
External links
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kaziuko, mugė, saint, casimir, fair, large, annual, folk, arts, crafts, fair, vilnius, lithuania, dating, beginning, 17th, century, fair, traditionally, held, city, markets, streets, sunday, nearest, march, feast, casimir, anniversary, saint, casimir, death, l. Kaziuko muge or Saint Casimir s Fair 1 is a large annual folk arts and crafts fair in Vilnius Lithuania dating to the beginning of the 17th century The fair is traditionally held in city s markets and streets on the Sunday nearest to 4 March Feast of St Casimir the anniversary of Saint Casimir s death In Lithuanian Kaziukas is a diminutive of Casimir Today Saint Casimir s fair also features music dance theater performances it attracts tens of thousands of visitors and many craftsmen from across Lithuania as well as from neighbouring countries such as Latvia Russia and Poland 2 In recent years the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania Belarus Poland Crowds in Kaziukas Fair in 2007 Contents 1 History and location 2 Features 3 References 4 External linksHistory and location Edit Vendor of Casimir s Hearts in 1939 St Casimir son of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Casimir IV was canonized in 1602 2 In conjunction with his feast day celebrations merchants established a fair In 1827 they received a privilege to hold the fair in the Cathedral Square In 1901 after a monument to Catherine the Great was unveiled in the Cathedral Square the fair was moved to Lukiskes Square 3 During the Soviet era the fair was held in Kalvarijos Market In 1991 it returned to the Old Town of Vilnius 2 It was first held in Pilies Street but has since grown to span Gediminas Avenue traverse the Cathedral Square and branch out into Pilies Street B Radvilaites Street passing St Anne s Church and the Orthodox Cathedral of the Theotokos and into the Tymas Quarter on the left bank of Vilnia River near Uzupis 4 It is estimated that as of 2013 the fair attracted 2 000 merchants and half a million visitors over three days Friday to Sunday 5 In 2021 due to the COVID 19 pandemic the fair will be held online Previously the fair did not take place only during World War II 6 In recent years the fair has expanded into other cities in Lithuania including Kaunas in Laisves aleja and Town Hall Square Alytus Klaipeda 2 Similar festivals called Kaziuki are also held in several cities in Poland e g in Lidzbark Warminski Olsztyn 7 Szczecin Gdansk and Poznan 8 9 10 as well as in Hrodna Belarus 11 the city where St Casimir died A smaller version of the fair is also held by Lithuanian communities abroad including inside the Lithuanian World Center in Lemont Illinois Features Edit Verbos The arts and crafts at the fair include hand made goods from local craftsmen such as woven and knitted clothes footwear toys utensils pots and jugs jewelry souvenirs and paintings Traditional foodstuffs include rye bread bubliks gingerbread natural honey beer gira and colorfully wrapped hard candy Crafts represented include wood carvers blacksmiths potters weavers and knitters wicker weavers 12 Easter palms Lithuanian verbos singular verba are one of the fair s specialties They are made of colourful dried wild flowers and herbs about 150 different varieties of plants are used tied around a wooden stick 3 Traditionally they were taken to churches on Palm Sunday Verba has become a traditional symbol of spring and Easter However it is an endangered craft 3 Making verba is difficult and time consuming process It is becoming increasingly difficult to find flowers and herbs or special dies to color them The buyers are wary that the dried plants would cause allergic reactions 3 Another signature product at the fair is the Casimir s Heart a heart shaped gingerbread decorated with sugar patterns and figures flowers zigzags birds etc or popular given names People buy them to give to their loved ones It is customary to bring back some these to those who could not attend References Edit Note Kaziukas is a Lithuanian diminutive for the name Kazimieras or Casimir a b c d Manelis Eugenijus Racis Antanas eds 2011 Kesgailu baznycios gynimas Lietuvos istorija Enciklopedinis zinynas in Lithuanian Vol I Mokslo ir enciklopediju leidybos centras p 818 ISBN 978 5 420 01689 3 a b c d Dumalakas Arunas 2015 03 07 Verbu riseju liudesys Kaziuko muges zenklas tampa retenybe in Lithuanian Lietuvos rytas Archived from the original on 2015 05 18 Retrieved 2015 04 26 Savickiene Daiva 2008 02 21 Kaziuko muges naujoves amatininku eisena prekeiviu gausa isjudins vilniecius ir sostines svecius in Lithuanian Vilnius City Municipality Archived from the original on 2011 06 04 Specialiai Balsas lt į Kaziuko muge klumpiu ir pasivazineti su malunu TV3 2013 02 08 Retrieved 2015 04 26 Andrukaityte Milena 21 February 2021 Vilniaus Kaziuko muge siemet vyks internete Roko Lukoseviciaus in Lithuanian 15min Retrieved 21 February 2021 Lewandowska Izabela 2007 The tradition and the contemporary of multiculturalism in Warmia and Masuria Region and Regionalism University of Lodz Silesian Institute of Opole 2 8 101 Frymus Malgorzata 4 March 2013 Kiermasz i koncert czyli Kaziuki po szczecinsku in Polish Polskie Radio Szczecin Polejowski Karol Wilenskie Kaziuki w Gdansku in Polish Gdansk pl Archived from the original on 10 November 2013 Kaziuk Wilenski w niedziele w Poznaniu in Polish Gazeta Wyborcza 29 February 2008 W Grodnie rozpoczely sie Kaziuki polskieradio pl in Polish IAR Retrieved 15 February 2017 Saint Casimir s Fair Lithuanian State Department of Tourism Retrieved 2015 04 26 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kaziuko muge Kaziuko muge oficiali svetaine Coordinates 54 41 7 N 25 17 12 E 54 68528 N 25 28667 E 54 68528 25 28667 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kaziuko muge amp oldid 1128934182, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
