The Karsakpay inscription (also called the Timur's stone)[1] is a message carved on April 28, 1391[2] into a fragment of rock in Ulu Tagh mountainside near the Karsakpay mines, Kazakhstan. It was found in 1935.[2][3] It consists of three lines in Arabic, and eight lines in Chagatai, written in the Old Uyghur alphabet.[4]
After its discovery, the Karsakpay inscription was taken to the Hermitage Museum of in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) in 1936,[2] where it is today.[5][6] The inscription mentions how Timur is asking to those reading the inscription to remember him with a prayer.[7]
The inscription was researched and published by Nicholas Poppe in 1940, and later researched by Napil Bazilhan, Hasan Eren, Olga Borisovna Frolova, A. P. Grigoryev, N.N. Telitsyn, A.N. Ponomarev and Zeki Velidi Togan.[3]
The inscription measures 80x40 centimeters. The depth of the carvings are within 1.5–2 millimeters. The distance between Arabic and Chagatai lines are 18 centimeters.[2]
Description
The inscription notes the crossing of Timur, a Turco-Mongol conqueror, and his 200,000 men in pursuit of campaign against Tokhtamysh, a ruler of the Golden Horde from 1378 to 1395, and the route that passed through the semi-desert regions of Betpak-Dala.[6]
In Zafarnama (Book of Victories), written in the first quarter of the 15th century, its author Sharaf ad-Din Ali Yazdi gives one historical event of that campaign:
For a joyful survey of that steppe, Timur ascended to the top of the mountain, the whole plain was all green. He stayed there that day, (then) a high order came out, so that the soldiers brought stones and a high sign, like a lighthouse was put in that place. Master stonecutters inscribed on it the date of that day, so that to leave the reminder on the face of time.[8]
Complete text
Arabic
Arabic transliteration: (by the International Turkic Academy)[3]
Summer seven hundred and ninety-three, in the middle spring month of the year of the sheep
Sultan of Turan Timur-Bey went up with three hundred thousand troops
for Islam on the Bulgarian Khan Toktamysh Khan.
Reaching the area, he built this mound to have been a memorial.
God willing, the Lord would execute justice!
The Lord will have mercy to the people of the country! Yes, they will remember us with prayer!
Chagatai transliteration: (by International Turkic Academy)[3]
Tarıh /Qara ?/ yetı yüz toksan üçinte /Toqmaq orna-da ?/ qoy yıl yaznıŋ ara ay
Turannıŋ sultanı Temür bek iki (üč ?) yüz mıŋ čerik bile
Ismi üčün Toqtamıš qan bulğar qanığa yorıdı
Bu yerge yetip belgü bolsun tep bu obanı qopardı
Teŋrı nisfat bergeı insi-alla
Teŋrı el kisige rahmat qılğay bız-nı duwa bıle yad qılğay
References
^Fomin, V. N.; Usmanova, E.R.; Zhumashev, R.M.; Pokussayev, A.V.; Motuza, G.; Omarov, Kh.B.; Kim, Yu.Yu.; Ishmuratova, M.Yu. (2018). "Chemical-technological analysis of slags from the "Altynshoky" complex" (PDF). Химия (Chemistry). 91 (3): 1. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
^ abcdPonomarev, A. I. (1945). "ПОПРАВКИ К ЧТЕНИЮ „НАДПИСИ ТИМУРА" (Amendments to the Readings of Timor's inscriptions" (PDF). Советское востоковедение (Soviet Oriental Studies) (in Russian). Moscow: Academy of Sciences of USSR. 3: 222–224.
^ abAllworth, Edward (1990). The modern Uzbeks: from the fourteenth century to the present: a cultural history. Stanford: Hoover Institution Press. p. 215. ISBN9780817987329.
^Brummell, Paul (2008). Kazakhstan. Chalfont St. Peter, UK: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 203. OCLC 263068377.
^Tizengauzen, V.G. (1941). Сборник материалов, относящихся к истории Золотой орды (Collection of materials related to the history of the Golden Horde) (in Russian). Vol. 2. Moscow; Leningrad: Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.
^ ab"A mysterious stone of Timur". Silk Roads World Heritage. 2016. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
January 30, 2023
karsakpay, inscription, also, called, timur, stone, message, carved, april, 1391, into, fragment, rock, tagh, mountainside, near, karsakpay, mines, kazakhstan, found, 1935, consists, three, lines, arabic, eight, lines, chagatai, written, uyghur, alphabet, herm. The Karsakpay inscription also called the Timur s stone 1 is a message carved on April 28 1391 2 into a fragment of rock in Ulu Tagh mountainside near the Karsakpay mines Kazakhstan It was found in 1935 2 3 It consists of three lines in Arabic and eight lines in Chagatai written in the Old Uyghur alphabet 4 The Karsakpay inscription at the Hermitage Museum After its discovery the Karsakpay inscription was taken to the Hermitage Museum of in Leningrad now Saint Petersburg in 1936 2 where it is today 5 6 The inscription mentions how Timur is asking to those reading the inscription to remember him with a prayer 7 The inscription was researched and published by Nicholas Poppe in 1940 and later researched by Napil Bazilhan Hasan Eren Olga Borisovna Frolova A P Grigoryev N N Telitsyn A N Ponomarev and Zeki Velidi Togan 3 Contents 1 Measurements 2 Description 3 Complete text 3 1 Arabic 3 2 Chagatai 4 ReferencesMeasurements EditThe inscription measures 80x40 centimeters The depth of the carvings are within 1 5 2 millimeters The distance between Arabic and Chagatai lines are 18 centimeters 2 Description EditThe inscription notes the crossing of Timur a Turco Mongol conqueror and his 200 000 men in pursuit of campaign against Tokhtamysh a ruler of the Golden Horde from 1378 to 1395 and the route that passed through the semi desert regions of Betpak Dala 6 In Zafarnama Book of Victories written in the first quarter of the 15th century its author Sharaf ad Din Ali Yazdi gives one historical event of that campaign For a joyful survey of that steppe Timur ascended to the top of the mountain the whole plain was all green He stayed there that day then a high order came out so that the soldiers brought stones and a high sign like a lighthouse was put in that place Master stonecutters inscribed on it the date of that day so that to leave the reminder on the face of time 8 Complete text EditArabic Edit Arabic transliteration by the International Turkic Academy 3 Bismillaahirrahmanirrahim Malikul mulikl kuddusul hakkul muminul muhayminul zabbarul kadirul hakimul mumitul hayiu Translation 9 In the name of Allah the gracious the merciful Lord of Existence Sanctuary of Truth Vigilant Protector Almighty and All Powerful Wise Giver of Life and Death Chagatai Edit Chagatai transliteration 10 Tariq yetti yuz yil toqsan ucinta qoy yazniŋ ara ay Turanniŋ sultani Timurbag uc yuz miŋ carig bila Islam ucun Toqtamisqan bulgar qaniqa yuridi Bu yerga yetip balgu bolzun tep bu obani qopardi Taŋri nisbat bergay insalla Taŋri ul kisika rahmat qilgay bizni dua bila yad qilgay Translation 10 Summer seven hundred and ninety three in the middle spring month of the year of the sheep Sultan of Turan Timur Bey went up with three hundred thousand troops for Islam on the Bulgarian Khan Toktamysh Khan Reaching the area he built this mound to have been a memorial God willing the Lord would execute justice The Lord will have mercy to the people of the country Yes they will remember us with prayer Chagatai transliteration by International Turkic Academy 3 Tarih Qara yeti yuz toksan ucinte Toqmaq orna da qoy yil yazniŋ ara ay Turanniŋ sultani Temur bek iki uc yuz miŋ cerik bile Ismi ucun Toqtamis qan bulgar qaniga yoridi Bu yerge yetip belgu bolsun tep bu obani qopardi Teŋri nisfat bergei insi alla Teŋri el kisige rahmat qilgay biz ni duwa bile yad qilgayReferences Edit Fomin V N Usmanova E R Zhumashev R M Pokussayev A V Motuza G Omarov Kh B Kim Yu Yu Ishmuratova M Yu 2018 Chemical technological analysis of slags from the Altynshoky complex PDF Himiya Chemistry 91 3 1 Retrieved 2 October 2020 a b c d Ponomarev A I 1945 POPRAVKI K ChTENIYu NADPISI TIMURA Amendments to the Readings of Timor s inscriptions PDF Sovetskoe vostokovedenie Soviet Oriental Studies in Russian Moscow Academy of Sciences of USSR 3 222 224 a b c d Emir Temir in Yaziti Karsakpay Altin Soki aniti 1391 Karsakpay Aniti Petersburg Devlet Ermitaj Sergisi Karsakpay Aniti N N Poppe 2 October 2020 Grigoryev A P 2004 Historiography and source study of the history of the countries of Asia and Africa pp 3 24 Trever Kamilla Vasilyevna Yakubovskiy A Y Voronets M E 1947 Istoriya narodov Uzbekistana History of the Peoples of Uzbekistan in Russian Vol 2 Moscow Trever p 355 ISBN 978 5 458 44514 6 registration required a b Allworth Edward 1990 The modern Uzbeks from the fourteenth century to the present a cultural history Stanford Hoover Institution Press p 215 ISBN 9780817987329 Brummell Paul 2008 Kazakhstan Chalfont St Peter UK Bradt Travel Guides p 203 OCLC 263068377 Tizengauzen V G 1941 Sbornik materialov otnosyashihsya k istorii Zolotoj ordy Collection of materials related to the history of the Golden Horde in Russian Vol 2 Moscow Leningrad Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union Altynshoky 6 November 2020 a b A mysterious stone of Timur Silk Roads World Heritage 2016 Retrieved 2 October 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Karsakpay inscription amp oldid 1132022425, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
