A kāinga (Southern Māorikaika or kaik) is the traditional form of village habitation of pre-European Māori in New Zealand. It was unfortified or only lightly fortified, and over time became less important to the well-defended pā.
Kāinga were generally unfortified or only lightly fortified, as opposed to the well-defended pā. They were generally coastal, and often found near to a river mouth.[1] The settlement was generally occupied by members of one hapū (sub-tribe), which would identify itself with the nearest mountain and river (even in modern Māori, when meeting someone new, "what is your mountain?" is not an unusual question).
Kāinga were often regarded as only semi-permanent settlements, and they were often abandoned. Reasons for abandonment included invasion by other iwi or resource shortages. Traditionally, Māori were often semi-nomadic, with entire communities moving at harvest or to hunt, using the kāinga as a stable home base. An entire settlement could be declared tapu on the death of a tribal elder, with its inhabitants moving to a new location nearby.[2]Takapūneke near present-day Akaroa, for example, was subject to a massacre in 1830. Survivors mostly lived in nearby Ōnuku and Takapūneke having been declared a sacred site, it was avoided by the local hapu for over 100 years.[3]
When European whalers arrived in New Zealand and established bases, kāinga would often shift to near the newcomers so that trading would be easier.[2]
Modern use of the wordedit
In modern Māori, kāinga is the word for "home".[4]
^Royal, Te Ahukaramū Charles (24 September 2007). "Kāinga – Māori settlement". Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
^ ab"Pa and Kainga". The Prow. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
^Takapūneke Reserve Management Plan(PDF). Christchurch City Council. 2018. p. 9. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
^Ryan, P. M. (2008). The Raupō Dictionary of Modern Māori. Raupō. ISBN978-0-143-00932-0.
January 08, 2024
kāinga, locality, kainga, zealand, kāinga, southern, māori, kaika, kaik, traditional, form, village, habitation, european, māori, zealand, unfortified, only, lightly, fortified, over, time, became, less, important, well, defended, contents, description, modern. For the locality see Kainga New Zealand A kainga Southern Maori kaika or kaik is the traditional form of village habitation of pre European Maori in New Zealand It was unfortified or only lightly fortified and over time became less important to the well defended pa Contents 1 Description 2 Modern use of the word 3 See also 4 ReferencesDescription editKainga were generally unfortified or only lightly fortified as opposed to the well defended pa They were generally coastal and often found near to a river mouth 1 The settlement was generally occupied by members of one hapu sub tribe which would identify itself with the nearest mountain and river even in modern Maori when meeting someone new what is your mountain is not an unusual question Kainga were often regarded as only semi permanent settlements and they were often abandoned Reasons for abandonment included invasion by other iwi or resource shortages Traditionally Maori were often semi nomadic with entire communities moving at harvest or to hunt using the kainga as a stable home base An entire settlement could be declared tapu on the death of a tribal elder with its inhabitants moving to a new location nearby 2 Takapuneke near present day Akaroa for example was subject to a massacre in 1830 Survivors mostly lived in nearby Ōnuku and Takapuneke having been declared a sacred site it was avoided by the local hapu for over 100 years 3 When European whalers arrived in New Zealand and established bases kainga would often shift to near the newcomers so that trading would be easier 2 Modern use of the word editIn modern Maori kainga is the word for home 4 See also editMarae PaReferences edit Royal Te Ahukaramu Charles 24 September 2007 Kainga Maori settlement Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand Retrieved 16 November 2019 a b Pa and Kainga The Prow Retrieved 16 November 2019 Takapuneke Reserve Management Plan PDF Christchurch City Council 2018 p 9 Retrieved 25 February 2020 Ryan P M 2008 The Raupō Dictionary of Modern Maori Raupō ISBN 978 0 143 00932 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Kainga amp oldid 1166188608, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
