In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Urquiza and the second or maternal family name is García.
Justo José de Urquiza y García (Spanish pronunciation:[ˈxustoxoˈseðewɾˈkisa]; October 18, 1801 – April 11, 1870) was an Argentine general and politician who served as president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860.[1]
Justo José de Urquiza y García was born in Entre Ríos, the son of José Narciso de Urquiza Álzaga, born in Castro Urdiales, Spain, and María Cándida García González, a Creole of Buenos Aires.[2] He was governor of Entre Ríos during the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas, governor of Buenos Aires with powers delegated from the other provinces. Rosas presented a resignation to his charge frequently, but only as a political gesture, counting that the other governments would reject it. However, in 1851, resentful of the economic and political dominance of Buenos Aires, Urquiza accepted Rosas' resignation and resumed for Entre Rios the powers delegated in Buenos Aires. Along with the resuming of international commerce without passing through the port of Buenos Aires, Urquiza replaced the "Death to the savage unitarians!" slogan with "Death to the enemies of national organization!", requesting the making of a national constitution that Rosas had long rejected. Corrientes supported Urquiza's action, but Rosas and the other provinces[citation needed] condemned the "crazy, traitor, savage, unitarian" Urquiza. Supported by Brazil and the Uruguayan liberals, he created the Grand Army and forced Manuel Oribe to capitulate, ending the long siege of Montevideo in October 1851, and finally defeating Rosas on 3 February 1852 at the Battle of Caseros. The other provinces that supported Rosas against Urquiza's pronunciation changed sides and supported his project of creating a National Constitution.[3]
Urquiza immediately began the task of national organization. He became provisional director of the Argentine Confederation in May 1852. In 1853, a constituent assembly adopted a constitution based primarily on the ideas of Juan Bautista Alberdi, and Urquiza was inaugurated president in March 1854.[4]
During his administration, foreign relations were improved, public education was encouraged, colonization was promoted, and plans for railroad construction was initiated. His work of national organization was, however, hindered by the opposition of Buenos Aires, which seceded from the Confederation. Open war broke out in 1859. Urquiza defeated the provincial army led by Bartolomé Mitre in October 1859, at the Battle of Cepeda, and Buenos Aires agreed to re-enter the Confederation.[5]
Constitutional amendments proposed by Buenos Aires were adopted in 1860 but the settlement was short-lived, and further difficulties culminated in civil war. Urquiza met the army of Buenos Aires, again led by Mitre, in September 1861. The battle was indecisive, but Urquiza withdrew from the field, leaving the victory with Mitre. He retired to San José Palace, his residence in Entre Ríos, where he ruled until he was assassinated at age 69 (along with his sons Justo and Waldino) by followers of dissident and political rival Ricardo López Jordán.[6]
Like many other nineteenth century Argentine patriots,[7] Urquiza was a freemason.[8] His imposing Palacio San José has been interpreted as containing many masonic symbols, created "to symbolize and reflect the construction of his other work: the Argentine State".[9]
Tributesedit
There are many streets, parks and squares all over Argentina that are named after Justo José de Urquiza, such as the Urquiza park in Rosario or the Urquiza park in Parana City. There is a central street in Rosario called Urquiza, and there is a commuter railway line in Buenos Aires named after him, the Urquiza Line. The Colegio del Uruguay, founded by Urquiza, was later renamed in his honor.
Referencesedit
^Urquiza, el juicio de la posteridad, Volumen1, Imprenta y casa editora "Coni,", 1921
^Ensayo genealogico de la familia Urquiza, Eduardo de Urquiza, 1951
^Historia de España y de las Repúblicas latino-americanas, Alfredo Opisso, 1835
^. Gran Logia de la Argentina. Gran Logia de la Argentina de Libres y Aceptados Masones. Archived from the original on 2019-01-18. Retrieved 2019-04-05.; Denslow, William R. (1957). 10,000 Famous Freemasons. Richmond, VA: Macoy Publishing & Masonic Supply Co Inc.; Alvarez y Alvarez, Augusto Francisco (1920). Justo José de Urquiza ERA MASÓN (in Spanish). Paraná. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Bauzá, Hugo Francisco (2012-12-20). "Los mensajes ocultos del Palacio San José" [The occult messages of San José Palace]. La Nación (in Spanish). Buenos Aires. Retrieved 2010-04-05.
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This article is about the Argentine general and politician For the football club see Asociacion Social y Deportiva Justo Jose de Urquiza In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Urquiza and the second or maternal family name is Garcia Justo Jose de Urquiza y Garcia Spanish pronunciation ˈxusto xoˈse de wɾˈkisa October 18 1801 April 11 1870 was an Argentine general and politician who served as president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860 1 Justo Jose de UrquizaPortrait daguerreotype by Charles D Fredricks c 1852President of ArgentinaIn office March 5 1854 March 4 1860Vice PresidentSalvador Maria del CarrilPreceded byHimself as Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation Succeeded bySantiago DerquiProvisional Director of the Argentine ConfederationIn office May 31 1852 March 4 1854Preceded byOffice createdSucceeded byOffice abolishedGovernor of Entre RiosIn office May 1 1868 April 11 1870Preceded byJose Maria DominguezSucceeded byRicardo Lopez JordanIn office May 1 1860 April 30 1864Succeeded byJose Maria DominguezIn office April 7 1842 September 10 1852Preceded byFrancisco Dionisio AlvarezIn office January 1 1842 January 28 1842Preceded byVicente ZapataSucceeded byPedro Pablo SeguiGovernor of Buenos AiresIn office July 26 1852 September 3 1852Preceded byVicente LopezSucceeded byJose Miguel GalanPersonal detailsBorn 1801 10 18 October 18 1801Talar de Arroyo Largo Entre RiosDiedApril 11 1870 1870 04 11 aged 68 San Jose Palace Entre RiosNationalityArgentinePolitical partyFederalist PartySpouse s Segunda CalventoDolores CostaCruz Lopez JordanLife editJusto Jose de Urquiza y Garcia was born in Entre Rios the son of Jose Narciso de Urquiza Alzaga born in Castro Urdiales Spain and Maria Candida Garcia Gonzalez a Creole of Buenos Aires 2 He was governor of Entre Rios during the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas governor of Buenos Aires with powers delegated from the other provinces Rosas presented a resignation to his charge frequently but only as a political gesture counting that the other governments would reject it However in 1851 resentful of the economic and political dominance of Buenos Aires Urquiza accepted Rosas resignation and resumed for Entre Rios the powers delegated in Buenos Aires Along with the resuming of international commerce without passing through the port of Buenos Aires Urquiza replaced the Death to the savage unitarians slogan with Death to the enemies of national organization requesting the making of a national constitution that Rosas had long rejected Corrientes supported Urquiza s action but Rosas and the other provinces citation needed condemned the crazy traitor savage unitarian Urquiza Supported by Brazil and the Uruguayan liberals he created the Grand Army and forced Manuel Oribe to capitulate ending the long siege of Montevideo in October 1851 and finally defeating Rosas on 3 February 1852 at the Battle of Caseros The other provinces that supported Rosas against Urquiza s pronunciation changed sides and supported his project of creating a National Constitution 3 Urquiza immediately began the task of national organization He became provisional director of the Argentine Confederation in May 1852 In 1853 a constituent assembly adopted a constitution based primarily on the ideas of Juan Bautista Alberdi and Urquiza was inaugurated president in March 1854 4 During his administration foreign relations were improved public education was encouraged colonization was promoted and plans for railroad construction was initiated His work of national organization was however hindered by the opposition of Buenos Aires which seceded from the Confederation Open war broke out in 1859 Urquiza defeated the provincial army led by Bartolome Mitre in October 1859 at the Battle of Cepeda and Buenos Aires agreed to re enter the Confederation 5 Constitutional amendments proposed by Buenos Aires were adopted in 1860 but the settlement was short lived and further difficulties culminated in civil war Urquiza met the army of Buenos Aires again led by Mitre in September 1861 The battle was indecisive but Urquiza withdrew from the field leaving the victory with Mitre He retired to San Jose Palace his residence in Entre Rios where he ruled until he was assassinated at age 69 along with his sons Justo and Waldino by followers of dissident and political rival Ricardo Lopez Jordan 6 Like many other nineteenth century Argentine patriots 7 Urquiza was a freemason 8 His imposing Palacio San Jose has been interpreted as containing many masonic symbols created to symbolize and reflect the construction of his other work the Argentine State 9 Tributes editThere are many streets parks and squares all over Argentina that are named after Justo Jose de Urquiza such as the Urquiza park in Rosario or the Urquiza park in Parana City There is a central street in Rosario called Urquiza and there is a commuter railway line in Buenos Aires named after him the Urquiza Line The Colegio del Uruguay founded by Urquiza was later renamed in his honor References edit Urquiza el juicio de la posteridad Volumen1 Imprenta y casa editora Coni 1921 Ensayo genealogico de la familia Urquiza Eduardo de Urquiza 1951 Historia de Espana y de las Republicas latino americanas Alfredo Opisso 1835 Rosas y Urquiza Mario Cesar Gras 1948 Presencia de Urquiza Justo Jose de Urquiza 1953 Urquiza su vida su personalidad y su obra J A Alsina 1911 1911 Including Juan Bautista Alberdi Manuel Alberti Carlos Maria de Alvear Miguel de Azcuenaga Antonio Gonzalez de Balcarce Manuel Belgrano Antonio Luis Beruti Juan Jose Castelli Domingo French Gregorio Araoz de Lamadrid Francisco Narciso de Laprida Juan Larrea Juan Lavalle Vicente Lopez y Planes Bartolome Mitre Mariano Moreno Juan Jose Paso Carlos Pellegrini Gervasio Antonio de Posadas Domingo Faustino Sarmiento Jose de San Martin is known to have been a member of the Lautaro Lodge but whether that lodge was truly masonic has been debated Denslow William R 1957 10 000 Famous Freemasons Vol 1 4 Richmond VA Macoy Publishing amp Masonic Supply Co Inc Justo Jose de Urquiza Gran Logia de la Argentina Gran Logia de la Argentina de Libres y Aceptados Masones Archived from the original on 2019 01 18 Retrieved 2019 04 05 Denslow William R 1957 10 000 Famous Freemasons Richmond VA Macoy Publishing amp Masonic Supply Co Inc Alvarez y Alvarez Augusto Francisco 1920 Justo Jose de Urquiza ERA MASoN in Spanish Parana a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help CS1 maint location missing publisher link Bauza Hugo Francisco 2012 12 20 Los mensajes ocultos del Palacio San Jose The occult messages of San Jose Palace La Nacion in Spanish Buenos Aires Retrieved 2010 04 05 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Justo Jose de Urquiza Political officesPreceded byVicente Lopez y Planes President of Argentina1854 1860 Succeeded bySantiago Derqui Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Justo Jose de Urquiza amp oldid 1183244540, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
