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Julius Klaproth

January 01, 1970

Heinrich Julius Klaproth (11 October 1783 – 28 August 1835) was a German linguist, historian, ethnographer, author, orientalist and explorer.[1] As a scholar, he is credited along with Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat, with being instrumental in turning East Asian Studies into scientific disciplines with critical methods.[2]

Julius Klaproth
Julius Klaproth
Born(1783-10-11)October 11, 1783
Berlin
DiedAugust 28, 1835(1835-08-28) (aged 51)
Paris
NationalityGerman
Known forInstrumental in turning East Asian Studies into scientific disciplines with critical methods
Scientific career
FieldsLinguistics, history, ethnography, writing, Orientalism and exploration

Name edit

H.J. Klaproth was usually known as Julius or Julius von Klaproth. His name also erroneously appears as "Julius Heinrich Klaproth".

Life edit

Klaproth was born in Berlin on 11 October 1783, the son of the chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth, who is credited with the discovery of four elements including uranium.[3]

Young Klaproth devoted his energies in quite early life to the study of Asiatic languages, and published in 1802 his Asiatisches Magazin (Weimar 1802–1803). He was in consequence called to St. Petersburg and given an appointment in the academy there. In 1805 he was a member of Count Golovkin's embassy to China. On his return he was despatched by the academy to the Caucasus on an ethnographical and linguistic exploration (1807–1808), and was afterwards employed for several years in connection with the academy's Oriental publications. In 1812 he moved to Berlin.[4][5]

In 1815 he settled in Paris, and in 1816 Humboldt procured him from the king of Prussia the title and salary of professor of Asiatic languages and literature, with permission to remain in Paris as long as was requisite for the publication of his works.[4][5] He died in Paris on 28 August 1835.

Klaproth was an orientalist or an "Asiatologist," in that he had a good command not only of Chinese, but also Manchu, Mongolian, Sanskrit, Turkish, Arabic, Persian, and even Caucasian languages. His wide range of interests encompassed the study of the development of individual countries in their Asian context, which contrast with the 21st century focus on specialization.[3]

Klaproth's 1812 Dissertation on language and script of the Uighurs (Abhandlung über die Sprache und Schrift der Uiguren) was disputed by Isaak Jakob Schmidt, who is considered the founder of Mongolian Studies. Klaproth asserted that the Uighur language was a Turkic language, which today is undisputed, while Schmidt was persuaded that Uighur should be classified as a "Tangut" language.[6]

Works edit

Klaproth's bibliography extends to more than 300 published items.

His great work Asia Polyglotta (Paris, 1823 and 1831, with Sprachatlas) not only served as a résumé of all that was known on the subject, but formed a new departure for the classification of the Eastern languages, especially those of the Russian Empire.[4]

The Itinerary of a Chinese Traveller (1821), a series of documents in the military archives of St. Petersburg purporting to be the travels of "George Ludwig von —", and a similar series obtained from him in the London foreign office, are all regarded as spurious.[4]

Klaproth's other works include:[4]

  • Reise in den Kaukasus und Georgien in den Jahren 1807 und 1808 (Halle, 1812–1814; French translation, Paris, 1823)
  • Geographisch-historische Beschreibung des ostlichen Kaukasus (Weimar 1814)
  • Tableaux historiques de l'Asie (Paris, 1826)
  • Memoires relatifs a l'Asie (Paris, 1824–1828)
  • Tableau historique, geographique, ethnographique et politique de Caucase (Paris, 1827)
  • Vocabulaire et grammaire de la langue georgienne (Paris, 1827)

Klaproth was also the first to publish a translation of Taika era Japanese poetry in the West. Donald Keene explained in a preface to the Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai edition of the Man'yōshū:

"One 'envoy' (hanka) to a long poem was translated as early as 1834 by the celebrated German orientalist Heinrich Julius Klaproth (1783–1835). Klaproth, having journeyed to Siberia in pursuit of strange languages, encountered some Japanese castaways, fisherman, hardly ideal mentors for the study of 8th century poetry. Not surprisingly, his translation was anything but accurate."

Other works on Japan include:

  • 1832 – Sangoku Tsūran Zusetsu (San kokf tsou ran to sets or Aperçu général des trois royaumes, Paris: Oriental Translation Fund.[7]San kokf tsou ran to sets: ou, Aperqu géneral des trois royaumes
  • 1834 – Nihon Ōdai Ichiran (Nipon O daï itsi ran or Annales des empereurs du Japon), tr. par M. Isaac Titsingh avec l'aide de plusieurs interprètes attachés au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki; ouvrage re., complété et cor. sur l'original japonais-chinois, accompagné de notes et précédé d'un Aperçu d'histoire mythologique du Japon, par M.J. Klaproth. Paris: Oriental Translation Fund.[8]

See also edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Julius Klaproth.

Notes edit

  1. ^ Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822, pp. 69-72.
  2. ^ Walravens, Hartmut. "Julius Klaproth. His Life and Works with Special Emphasis on Japan," Japonica Humboldtiana 10 (2006), p. 177.
  3. ^ a b Walravens, p. 178.
  4. ^ a b c d e Chisholm 1911.
  5. ^ a b Screech, p. 70.
  6. ^ Walravens, p. 181 n14.
  7. ^ Vos, Ken. "Accidental acquisitions: The nineteenth-century Korean collections in the National Museum of Ethnology, Part 1," 22 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine p. 6.
  8. ^ Pouillon, François. (2008). Dictionnaire des orientalistes de langue française, p. 542.

References edit

  • Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkokai (Japanese Classics Translation Committee). (1965). The Man'yōshū: One Thousand Poems. New York: Columbia University Press. OCLC 220930639
  • Screech, Timon. (2006). Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns: Isaac Titsingh and Japan, 1779–1822. London: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 978-0-7007-1720-0
  • Walravens, Hartmut. "Julius Klaproth. His Life and Works with Special Emphasis on Japan," Japonica Humboldtiana 10 (2006).
  •   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Klaproth, Heinrich Julius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 844.
  • Klaproth, Julius (1823). Asia Polyglotta

Further reading edit

  • anon. (1836). "M. von Klaproth". The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India, China, and Australasia. 19 (74). Allen: 65–71.
  • (in German) Walravens, Hartmut. (2002). Julius Klaproth(1783–1835): Briefwechsel mit Gelehrten grossenteils aus dem Akademiearchiv in St. Petersburg. Weisbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-04586-5; OCLC 51169954
  • (in German) ____________. (1999). Julius Klaproth (1783–1835), Leben und Werk. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. ISBN 978-3-447-04124-9; OCLC 48707039

January 01, 1970
julius, klaproth, heinrich, october, 1783, august, 1835, german, linguist, historian, ethnographer, author, orientalist, explorer, scholar, credited, along, with, jean, pierre, abel, rémusat, with, being, instrumental, turning, east, asian, studies, into, scie. Heinrich Julius Klaproth 11 October 1783 28 August 1835 was a German linguist historian ethnographer author orientalist and explorer 1 As a scholar he is credited along with Jean Pierre Abel Remusat with being instrumental in turning East Asian Studies into scientific disciplines with critical methods 2 Julius KlaprothJulius KlaprothBorn 1783 10 11 October 11 1783BerlinDiedAugust 28 1835 1835 08 28 aged 51 ParisNationalityGermanKnown forInstrumental in turning East Asian Studies into scientific disciplines with critical methodsScientific careerFieldsLinguistics history ethnography writing Orientalism and exploration Contents 1 Name 2 Life 3 Works 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 Further readingName editH J Klaproth was usually known as Julius or Julius von Klaproth His name also erroneously appears as Julius Heinrich Klaproth Life editKlaproth was born in Berlin on 11 October 1783 the son of the chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth who is credited with the discovery of four elements including uranium 3 Young Klaproth devoted his energies in quite early life to the study of Asiatic languages and published in 1802 his Asiatisches Magazin Weimar 1802 1803 He was in consequence called to St Petersburg and given an appointment in the academy there In 1805 he was a member of Count Golovkin s embassy to China On his return he was despatched by the academy to the Caucasus on an ethnographical and linguistic exploration 1807 1808 and was afterwards employed for several years in connection with the academy s Oriental publications In 1812 he moved to Berlin 4 5 In 1815 he settled in Paris and in 1816 Humboldt procured him from the king of Prussia the title and salary of professor of Asiatic languages and literature with permission to remain in Paris as long as was requisite for the publication of his works 4 5 He died in Paris on 28 August 1835 Klaproth was an orientalist or an Asiatologist in that he had a good command not only of Chinese but also Manchu Mongolian Sanskrit Turkish Arabic Persian and even Caucasian languages His wide range of interests encompassed the study of the development of individual countries in their Asian context which contrast with the 21st century focus on specialization 3 Klaproth s 1812 Dissertation on language and script of the Uighurs Abhandlung uber die Sprache und Schrift der Uiguren was disputed by Isaak Jakob Schmidt who is considered the founder of Mongolian Studies Klaproth asserted that the Uighur language was a Turkic language which today is undisputed while Schmidt was persuaded that Uighur should be classified as a Tangut language 6 Works editThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items March 2019 Klaproth s bibliography extends to more than 300 published items His great work Asia Polyglotta Paris 1823 and 1831 with Sprachatlas not only served as a resume of all that was known on the subject but formed a new departure for the classification of the Eastern languages especially those of the Russian Empire 4 The Itinerary of a Chinese Traveller 1821 a series of documents in the military archives of St Petersburg purporting to be the travels of George Ludwig von and a similar series obtained from him in the London foreign office are all regarded as spurious 4 Klaproth s other works include 4 Reise in den Kaukasus und Georgien in den Jahren 1807 und 1808 Halle 1812 1814 French translation Paris 1823 Geographisch historische Beschreibung des ostlichen Kaukasus Weimar 1814 Tableaux historiques de l Asie Paris 1826 Memoires relatifs a l Asie Paris 1824 1828 Tableau historique geographique ethnographique et politique de Caucase Paris 1827 Vocabulaire et grammaire de la langue georgienne Paris 1827 Klaproth was also the first to publish a translation of Taika era Japanese poetry in the West Donald Keene explained in a preface to the Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkōkai edition of the Man yōshu One envoy hanka to a long poem was translated as early as 1834 by the celebrated German orientalist Heinrich Julius Klaproth 1783 1835 Klaproth having journeyed to Siberia in pursuit of strange languages encountered some Japanese castaways fisherman hardly ideal mentors for the study of 8th century poetry Not surprisingly his translation was anything but accurate Other works on Japan include 1832 Sangoku Tsuran Zusetsu San kokf tsou ran to sets or Apercu general des trois royaumes Paris Oriental Translation Fund 7 San kokf tsou ran to sets ou Aperqu general des trois royaumes 1834 Nihon Ōdai Ichiran Nipon O dai itsi ran or Annales des empereurs du Japon tr par M Isaac Titsingh avec l aide de plusieurs interpretes attaches au comptoir hollandais de Nangasaki ouvrage re complete et cor sur l original japonais chinois accompagne de notes et precede d un Apercu d histoire mythologique du Japon par M J Klaproth Paris Oriental Translation Fund 8 See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Julius Klaproth XiongnuNotes edit Screech Timon 2006 Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns Isaac Titsingh and Japan 1779 1822 pp 69 72 Walravens Hartmut Julius Klaproth His Life and Works with Special Emphasis on Japan Japonica Humboldtiana 10 2006 p 177 a b Walravens p 178 a b c d e Chisholm 1911 a b Screech p 70 Walravens p 181 n14 Vos Ken Accidental acquisitions The nineteenth century Korean collections in the National Museum of Ethnology Part 1 Archived 22 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine p 6 Pouillon Francois 2008 Dictionnaire des orientalistes de langue francaise p 542 References editNippon Gakujutsu Shinkokai Japanese Classics Translation Committee 1965 The Man yōshu One Thousand Poems New York Columbia University Press OCLC 220930639 Screech Timon 2006 Secret Memoirs of the Shoguns Isaac Titsingh and Japan 1779 1822 London RoutledgeCurzon ISBN 978 0 7007 1720 0 Walravens Hartmut Julius Klaproth His Life and Works with Special Emphasis on Japan Japonica Humboldtiana 10 2006 nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Klaproth Heinrich Julius Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 15 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 844 Klaproth Julius 1823 Asia PolyglottaFurther reading editanon 1836 M von Klaproth The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British and Foreign India China and Australasia 19 74 Allen 65 71 in German Walravens Hartmut 2002 Julius Klaproth 1783 1835 Briefwechsel mit Gelehrten grossenteils aus dem Akademiearchiv in St Petersburg Weisbaden Harrassowitz ISBN 978 3 447 04586 5 OCLC 51169954 in German 1999 Julius Klaproth 1783 1835 Leben und Werk Wiesbaden Harrassowitz ISBN 978 3 447 04124 9 OCLC 48707039 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Julius Klaproth amp oldid 1216655189, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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