John the Exarch (also transcribed Joan Ekzarh; Church Slavonic: Їѡаннъ ЄѯархъBulgarian: Йоан Екзарх) was a medieval Bulgarian scholar, writer and translator, one of the most important men of letters working at the Preslav Literary School at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century. He was active during the reign of Boris I (852–889) and his son Simeon I (893–927). His most famous work is the compilation Shestodnev (Шестоднев – Hexameron) that consists of both translations of earlier Byzantine authors and original writings. He's canonized in the Russian Orthodox Church and his memory is honoured on the 13 August [O.S. 31 July]. In a manuscripts of the Gospels, held in the National Library of Serbia, an alternative date is given, namely — 13 February [O.S. 31 January].
John the Exarch's Hexameron, 15th-century Russian translation
Evidence about his life is scarce but his literary legacy suggests an excellent knowledge of Greek language. It is therefore assumed that John the Exarch received his education in the Byzantine Empire. Some historians assume that his sobriquet "the Exarch" means that he was the Archbishop of Bulgaria.[1] Others suggest that this was not an bishopric rank.[2] There are also theories that identify John the Exarch with Chernorizets Hrabar[3] or with John of Rila.[4]
Literary activities
John the Exarch's literary work includes a number of translations of medieval Byzantine authors, the most important of which is the translation, around 895, of On Orthodox Christianity by the Byzantine theologian John of Damascus. He is also the author of several original works and compilations, the most important whereof is the compilation Шестоднев (Shestodnev). The compilation includes parts of the works of several Byzantine authors, most notably Basil the Great, as well as original parts which give valuable first-hand evidence about the Bulgarian Empire under Simeon I (893–927). John the Exarch describes the royal palace and the Bulgarian ruler that includes information about his attire, the boyars, the social stratification of the Bulgarian society and like matters.
Citations
^Кръстанов, Т. Кариера на Св. Йоан Екзарх, архиепископ и патриарх на българската земя, и на Св. Климент, епископ велички и охридски чудотворец в провинция Западна България, с. 79: "Сам той, вече като архиепископ Йоан, възлага на друг български книжовник презвитер Йоан от ІХ–Х в. да превежда две жития, който го нарича „архиепископ Йоан, църковен строител на българската земя".
^Добрев, И. Йоан Презвитер Екзарх Български и устройството на Българската църква през Първото ни царство. – В: Християнска агиология и народни вярвания: Сборник в чест на ст.н.с. Елена Коцева (ред. А. Милтенова, Е. Томова, Р. Станкова). С., 2008, 356–369.
^1 ноември – ден на св. Иван Рилски и народните будители
References
Monographs
Калайдович, К. Иоанн ексарх болгарский. Москва (1824)
Архимандрит Панарет, Животът на Йоана Екзарха Български, Станимака (1914)
Иванова-Мирчева, Д., Йоан Екзарх Български, Слова, т. 1, София (1974)
Бонов, А. Възгледите за вселената на Йоан Екзарх български. София (1982)
Чолова, Ц., Естественонаучните знания в средновековна България, София, изд. БАН (1988)
Баранкова, Г. С., В. В. Мильков. Шестоднев Иоанна екзарха Болгарского. Санкт Петербург (2001)
Трендафилов, Хр. Йоан Екзарх Български. София (2001)
Articles
Vondrák, V., O mluvě Jana Exarcha bulharského, Praha, p. 40–92, p. 95–97 (1896)
Трифонов, Ю., Сведения из старобългарския живот в "Шестоднева" на Йоан Екзарх, Списание на БАН, т. 35, с. 1–26 (1926)
Мавродинов, Н., Описание на Преслав в Шестоднева на Йоан Екзарх, ИП, кн. 3, с. 66–76 (1955)
Миятев, К., Два поетични фрагмента у Йоан Екзарх като исторически извори, Археология, кн. 1–2, с. 9–16 (1959)
Хаджиолов, А., Йоан Екзарх Български като учен и философ, основоположник на българското естествознание, Проблеми на природата, кн. 8, с. 177 (1978)
Боев, П., Йоан Екзарх Български – първият наш антрополог, Проблеми на природата, кн. 9 с. 317 (1978)
Борисов, М., А. Ваврек, В. Кусев, "Йоан Екзарх – първият разпространител на знания в областта на физическите науки у нас", Физика, кн. 1, с. 14–28 (1983)
Борисов, М., А. Ваврек, Г. Камишева, "Йоан Екзарх Български – пръв разпространител на физически знания у нас", Предшественици на разпространението и развитието на физическите знания в България, София, Народна просвета (1985) с. 5–65
Чолова, Ц., Върховната власт и управлението в средновековната българска държава по времето на Симеон, отразени в "Шестоднева" на Йоан Екзарх, Известия на Института по история, т. 27, с. 216–235 (1985)
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John the Exarch also transcribed Joan Ekzarh Church Slavonic Yiѡann Yeѯarh Bulgarian Joan Ekzarh was a medieval Bulgarian scholar writer and translator one of the most important men of letters working at the Preslav Literary School at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century He was active during the reign of Boris I 852 889 and his son Simeon I 893 927 His most famous work is the compilation Shestodnev Shestodnev Hexameron that consists of both translations of earlier Byzantine authors and original writings He s canonized in the Russian Orthodox Church and his memory is honoured on the 13 August O S 31 July In a manuscripts of the Gospels held in the National Library of Serbia an alternative date is given namely 13 February O S 31 January John the ExarchNative nameYiѡann YeѯarhBorn9th centuryBulgarian EmpireDied10th centuryBulgarian EmpireOccupationCleric writer translatorNotable worksHexameron Contents 1 Life 2 Literary activities 3 Citations 4 References 4 1 Monographs 4 2 Articles 5 See alsoLife Edit John the Exarch s Hexameron 15th century Russian translation Evidence about his life is scarce but his literary legacy suggests an excellent knowledge of Greek language It is therefore assumed that John the Exarch received his education in the Byzantine Empire Some historians assume that his sobriquet the Exarch means that he was the Archbishop of Bulgaria 1 Others suggest that this was not an bishopric rank 2 There are also theories that identify John the Exarch with Chernorizets Hrabar 3 or with John of Rila 4 Literary activities EditJohn the Exarch s literary work includes a number of translations of medieval Byzantine authors the most important of which is the translation around 895 of On Orthodox Christianity by the Byzantine theologian John of Damascus He is also the author of several original works and compilations the most important whereof is the compilation Shestodnev Shestodnev The compilation includes parts of the works of several Byzantine authors most notably Basil the Great as well as original parts which give valuable first hand evidence about the Bulgarian Empire under Simeon I 893 927 John the Exarch describes the royal palace and the Bulgarian ruler that includes information about his attire the boyars the social stratification of the Bulgarian society and like matters Citations Edit Krstanov T Kariera na Sv Joan Ekzarh arhiepiskop i patriarh na blgarskata zemya i na Sv Kliment episkop velichki i ohridski chudotvorec v provinciya Zapadna Blgariya s 79 Sam toj veche kato arhiepiskop Joan vzlaga na drug blgarski knizhovnik prezviter Joan ot IH H v da prevezhda dve zhitiya kojto go naricha arhiepiskop Joan crkoven stroitel na blgarskata zemya Dobrev I Joan Prezviter Ekzarh Blgarski i ustrojstvoto na Blgarskata crkva prez Prvoto ni carstvo V Hristiyanska agiologiya i narodni vyarvaniya Sbornik v chest na st n s Elena Koceva red A Miltenova E Tomova R Stankova S 2008 356 369 Vatikanski otkritiya za Chernorizec Hrabr 1 noemvri den na sv Ivan Rilski i narodnite buditeliReferences EditMonographs Edit Kalajdovich K Ioann eksarh bolgarskij Moskva 1824 Arhimandrit Panaret Zhivott na Joana Ekzarha Blgarski Stanimaka 1914 Ivanova Mircheva D Joan Ekzarh Blgarski Slova t 1 Sofiya 1974 Bonov A Vzgledite za vselenata na Joan Ekzarh blgarski Sofiya 1982 Cholova C Estestvenonauchnite znaniya v srednovekovna Blgariya Sofiya izd BAN 1988 Barankova G S V V Milkov Shestodnev Ioanna ekzarha Bolgarskogo Sankt Peterburg 2001 Trendafilov Hr Joan Ekzarh Blgarski Sofiya 2001 Articles Edit Vondrak V O mluve Jana Exarcha bulharskeho Praha p 40 92 p 95 97 1896 Trifonov Yu Svedeniya iz staroblgarskiya zhivot v Shestodneva na Joan Ekzarh Spisanie na BAN t 35 s 1 26 1926 Mavrodinov N Opisanie na Preslav v Shestodneva na Joan Ekzarh IP kn 3 s 66 76 1955 Miyatev K Dva poetichni fragmenta u Joan Ekzarh kato istoricheski izvori Arheologiya kn 1 2 s 9 16 1959 Hadzhiolov A Joan Ekzarh Blgarski kato uchen i filosof osnovopolozhnik na blgarskoto estestvoznanie Problemi na prirodata kn 8 s 177 1978 Boev P Joan Ekzarh Blgarski prviyat nash antropolog Problemi na prirodata kn 9 s 317 1978 Borisov M A Vavrek V Kusev Joan Ekzarh prviyat razprostranitel na znaniya v oblastta na fizicheskite nauki u nas Fizika kn 1 s 14 28 1983 Borisov M A Vavrek G Kamisheva Joan Ekzarh Blgarski prv razprostranitel na fizicheski znaniya u nas Predshestvenici na razprostranenieto i razvitieto na fizicheskite znaniya v Blgariya Sofiya Narodna prosveta 1985 s 5 65 Cholova C Vrhovnata vlast i upravlenieto v srednovekovnata blgarska drzhava po vremeto na Simeon otrazeni v Shestodneva na Joan Ekzarh Izvestiya na Instituta po istoriya t 27 s 216 235 1985 See also EditHistory of Bulgaria Preslav Literary School Simeon I of BulgariaTitles of Chalcedonian ChristianityPreceded byGregory Presbyter Archbishop of Bulgaria before 917 Succeeded byLeontius Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John the Exarch amp oldid 1120889633, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
