Beryllium nitrate
Beryllium nitrate is an inorganic compound with the idealized chemical formula Be(NO3)2. The formula suggests a salt, but, as for many beryllium compounds, the compound is highly covalent. Little of its chemistry is well known. "When added to water, brown fumes are evolved; when hydrolyzed in sodium hydroxide solution, both nitrate and nitrite ions are produced."[2]
| Names | |
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| Systematic IUPAC name Beryllium nitrate | |
| Other names Beryllium dinitrate | |
| Identifiers | |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.033.678 |
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| UN number | 2464 |
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| Properties | |
| Be(NO3)2 | |
| Molar mass | 133.021982 g/mol |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 1.56 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 60.5 °C (140.9 °F; 333.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 142 °C (288 °F; 415 K) (decomposes) |
| 166 g/100 mL | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -700.4 kJ/mol |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | TWA 0.002 mg/m3 C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be)[1] |
REL (Recommended) | Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be)[1] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)][1] |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations | Magnesium nitrate Calcium nitrate Strontium nitrate Barium nitrate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) | |
Synthesis and reactions
The straw-colored adduct Be(NO3)2(N2O4) forms upon treatment of beryllium chloride with dinitrogen tetroxide:
- BeCl2 + 3 N2O4 → Be(NO3)2(N2O4) + 2 NOCl
Upon heating, this adduct loses N2O4 and produces colorless Be(NO3)2. Further heating of Be(NO3)2 induces conversion to basic beryllium nitrate, which adopts a structure akin to that for basic berylium acetate.[4]
Unlike the basic acetate, with its six lipophilic methyl groups, the basic nitrate is insoluble in most solvents.
References
- ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0054". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Addison, C.C.; Logan, N. (1964). Anhydrous Metal Nitrates. Advances in Inorganic Chemistry and Radiochemistry. Vol. 6. pp. 71–142. doi:10.1016/S0065-2792(08)60225-3. ISBN 9780120236060.
- ^ Haley, M. J.; Wallwork, S. C.; Duffin, B.; Logan, N.; Addison, C. C. (1997). "Hexa-μ-nitrato-μ4-oxo-tetraberyllium". Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications. 53 (7): 829–830. doi:10.1107/S010827019700303X.
- ^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
| HNO3 | He | |||||||||||||||||
| LiNO3 | Be(NO3)2 | B(NO3)−4 | RONO2 | NO−3 NH4NO3 | HOONO2 | FNO3 | Ne | |||||||||||
| NaNO3 | Mg(NO3)2 | Al(NO3)3 | Si | P | S | ClONO2 | Ar | |||||||||||
| KNO3 | Ca(NO3)2 | Sc(NO3)3 | Ti(NO3)4 | VO(NO3)3 | Cr(NO3)3 | Mn(NO3)2 | Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 | Co(NO3)2 Co(NO3)3 | Ni(NO3)2 | CuNO3 Cu(NO3)2 | Zn(NO3)2 | Ga(NO3)3 | Ge | As | Se | BrNO3 | Kr | |
| RbNO3 | Sr(NO3)2 | Y(NO3)3 | Zr(NO3)4 | NbO(NO3)3 | Mo | Tc | Ru(NO3)3 | Rh(NO3)3 | Pd(NO3)2 Pd(NO3)4 | AgNO3 Ag(NO3)2 | Cd(NO3)2 | In(NO3)3 | Sn(NO3)4 | Sb(NO3)3 | Te | INO3 | Xe(NO3)2 | |
| CsNO3 | Ba(NO3)2 | Lu(NO3)3 | Hf(NO3)4 | TaO(NO3)3 | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt(NO3)2 Pt(NO3)4 | Au(NO3)3 | Hg2(NO3)2 Hg(NO3)2 | TlNO3 Tl(NO3)3 | Pb(NO3)2 | Bi(NO3)3 BiO(NO3) | Po(NO3)4 | At | Rn | |
| FrNO3 | Ra(NO3)2 | Lr | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og | |
| ↓ | ||||||||||||||||||
| La(NO3)3 | Ce(NO3)3 Ce(NO3)4 | Pr(NO3)3 | Nd(NO3)3 | Pm(NO3)3 | Sm(NO3)3 | Eu(NO3)3 | Gd(NO3)3 | Tb(NO3)3 | Dy(NO3)3 | Ho(NO3)3 | Er(NO3)3 | Tm(NO3)3 | Yb(NO3)3 | |||||
| Ac(NO3)3 | Th(NO3)4 | PaO2(NO3)3 | UO2(NO3)2 | Np(NO3)4 | Pu(NO3)4 | Am(NO3)3 | Cm(NO3)3 | Bk(NO3)3 | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | |||||