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John S. Clark

December 14, 2023

John S. Clark (21 March 1885 – 1 June 1956) was a Scottish-born Australian entomologist and myrmecologist known for his study of Australian ants. Born in Glasgow, he developed an interest in entomology at a young age. Clark first arrived in Australia in 1905 and originally worked for the state railways in Queensland. He developed an interest in ants shortly afterwards, collecting his first specimens in North Queensland. He married his first wife, Maggie Forbes in 1908, who bore four children, and died in 1935. He married his second wife, Phyllis Marjorie Claringbulls in 1939 and had two daughters with her. On her suicide in 1943, Clark sent his daughters to an orphanage.

John S. Clark
Born(1885-03-21)21 March 1885
Glasgow, Scotland
Died1 June 1956(1956-06-01) (aged 71)
Mooroolbark, Victoria
NationalityScottish
CitizenshipAustralian
Known forContributions to myrmecology
Spouses
Maggie Forbes
​
​
(m. 1908; died 1935)​
Phyllis Marjorie Claringbull
​
​
(m. 1939; died 1943)​
Children6
Scientific career
Fields
InstitutionsWestern Australia Department of Agriculture
Museum Victoria

In 1919, Clark worked as the assistant to the entomologist on probation in the Western Australian Department of Agriculture, but in 1920, he took on this position full-time. He started to publish his first articles about pest insects and ants from 1921; in 1926 he became an entomologist at the National Museum in Melbourne, remaining there for 20 years. Clark continued to publish more articles until he resigned from the National Museum of Victoria in 1944. Living in poverty, Clark lived a reclusive life, publishing his last book in 1951. He died on 1 June 1956 at the age of 71, survived by his six children. One of Clark's most notable achievements was describing Nothomyrmecia macrops, the most primitive living ant. Several ants have been named after him in recognition of his contributions.

Biography edit

Early life edit

 
Glasgow, where Clark was born

John S. Clark was born on 21 March 1885 in Glasgow, Scotland, to parents James Souttar Clark, a coach-painter, and Maggie Clark (née Scott).[1][2][3] At an early age, Clark had an interest in entomology throughout his years in Glasgow and adult life in Australia.[2] Clark migrated to Australia in 1905 with little formal education but found himself working for the state railways in Queensland. There, he found an interest in ants and made his first collection of specimens in North Queensland.[1] In May 1908, Clark married his first wife, Maggie Forbes, at the Cairns Presbyterian Church. After their marriage, they moved to Geraldton in Western Australia, where Clark worked for the railways as a wheelwright. He had one son and three daughters with Forbes; Forbes later died from heart disease in 1935.[1]

Career edit

Australian entomologist Leslie John William Newman of the Western Australian Department of Agriculture noticed Clark's enthusiasm for natural history, and on probation, took Clark in as the assistant to the entomologist in 1919.[1] In 1920, Clark's position in the Department of Agriculture was confirmed; due to this, Clark and his family moved to Perth. He began publishing his first papers discussing the history of entomology in Western Australia in 1921, and also basic articles about ants, insect pests in Australian forests and myrmecophilous beetles.[1][2] Three years after his articles were first published, Clark was promoted to assistant-entomologist.[1] Scientists attending the 1926 Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science suggested that Clark should apply for a position as "entomologist" at the National Museum of Victoria, in which he was appointed in late 1926 and began working there in 1927. After working for the museum, he found museum work "not to his liking" and tried to apply for the post of "economic entomologist" in New Guinea, which at the time was an Australian administered-territory. However, this was unsuccessful for Clark, who remained at the National Museum of Victoria for nearly 20 years.[1][2] In 1933, Clark sold 8,000 ant specimens he collected to the museum for about £200.[1]

Following the death of his first wife in 1935, Clark moved from Hawthorn to Ferntree Gully in Melbourne. A couple of years later in 1939, he married his second wife, Phyllis Marjorie Claringbull, at the Office of the Government Statist, bearing two more daughters. Claringbull committed suicide in 1943, three months after she gave birth to her second daughter; Clark later sent them to an orphanage as he was unable to look after them.[1] Clark's intemperate attitude to his peers and superiors and lack of qualifications bedevilled his career, although he was welcoming to amateurs. In 1944, Clark resigned from the National Museum of Victoria after Australian botanist Richard Pescott became the director of the museum. As a result, he moved to Mooroolbark and lived in poverty, losing all of his entitlements.[1] Due to his reputable view as an authority on ants, Clark worked on a monograph of ants in Australia, supported by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation through grants. His first volume was published in 1951, which covered the Australian bulldog ants (subfamily Myrmeciinae). However, the first volume received poor reviews, and no further volume was released. In fact, it is unknown whether or not any further volume will be released.[1][2]

Research edit

 
Nothomyrmecia was described by Clark in 1934, and is considered to be the most primitive ant alive

Aside from some papers published discussing myrmecophilous beetles and insect pests in forests, Clark predominately researched and published articles about the taxonomy of Australian ants.[2] All of his articles and monographs were published in Australia. Throughout his career, Clark described around 200 different species of ants, but half of these may be synonyms. He worked and researched with all of the main groups of Australian ants, but his research and revisionary efforts were extensive with members of the former subfamily Cerapachyinae (now Dorylinae), especially those of Phyracaces, the Myrmeciinae, Rhytidoponera and members of the tribe Dolichoderini.[2]

Clark is most notable for describing the dinosaur ant (Nothomyrmecia macrops), which is the most primitive living ant in the world and second most primitive when the fossil record is included.[2][4] The first collection of Nothomyrmecia was made in December 1931 by Amy Crocker[a] who collected specimens of two worker ants, reportedly near the Russell Range from Israelite Bay in Western Australia.[5] Crocker sent the two specimens to Clark at the museum for study; in 1934, Clark published a formal description of Nothomyrmecia as a completely new genus of the Myrmeciinae.[5][6] He did so because the two specimens (which then became the syntypes) bore no resemblance to any ant species he knew of, although they did share similar morphological characteristics with the extinct genus Prionomyrmex.[5] This unusual ant remained unknown to scientists, causing intense scientific interest in the early 1950s. Over three decades, however, teams of Australian and American collectors failed to re-find it after they initiated a series of searches. Then, in 1977, entomologist Robert Taylor and his party of entomologists from Canberra found a solitary worker ant at Poochera, southeast of Ceduna, some 1,300 km (810 mi) from the reported site of the 1931 discovery.[7][8][9] After 46 years of searching for it, entomologists have dubbed the ant the "Holy Grail" of myrmecology.[4][10] Such discovery of Nothomyrmecia and its general nature marks it as one of Clark's most notable achievements.[2]

Death and recognition edit

Clark died at his Mooroolbark home on 1 June 1956, at the age of 71. American entomologist William Brown Jr. notes that Clark was living the life of a "recluse" during his declining years.[1][2][3] Survived by six children, Clark was buried in Burwood Cemetery. At the time of his death, the majority of his ant collection were housed in the National Museum of Victoria, the Natural History Museum in London and the Museum of Comparative Zoology in Cambridge.[1][2] One of Clark's daughters, Ellen Clark, was a renowned naturalist. She had worked with her father at the museum in 1940 and was the secretary of the virus department of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. As well as that, she worked for the Argus and Australasian and published papers on influenza virus research and crustaceans.[1]

A number of ants have been named after Clark. The holotype of Polyrhachis clarki was originally collected by Clark, but it was not described until 2013. There, the author of the article named the ant after him.[11] Leptogenys clarki is another ant named after Clark for his contributions towards Australian ants, being described by American entomologist William Morton Wheeler in 1933.[12] Ants he collected that bear his name include Dolichoderus clarki,[13] Plagiolepis clarki[14] and Stigmacros clarki.[15]

Published works edit

Over the course of his career, Clark published over 35 entomological papers.[1][16] The following publications are found at the Hymenoptera Online Database:[17]

Books

  • Clark, J.S. (1951). The Formicidae of Australia (Volume 1). Subfamily Myrmeciinae (PDF). Melbourne, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing. pp. 1–230.

Journals

  • Clark, J.S. (1924). "Australian Formicidae" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 9 (2): 72–89.
  • Clark, J.S. (1924). "Australian Formicidae" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 10 (12): 75–89.
  • Clark, J.S. (1925). "The ants of Victoria. (Part 1.)" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 42: 58–64.
  • Clark, J.S. (1925). "The ants of Victoria. (Part 2.)" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 42: 135–144. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26621.
  • Clark, J.S. (1926). "Australian Formicidae" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 12: 43–52. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26622.
  • Clark, J.S. (1927). "The ants of Victoria. [Part III.]" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 44: 33–40. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26623.
  • Clark, J.S. (1928). "Entomological reports. Formicidae. Pages 39–44, in Report of the Victorian Field Naturalists' Expedition through the Western District of Victoria in October, 1927" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 45: 1–52.
  • Clark, J.S. (1928). "Ants from north Queensland" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 45: 169–171. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26624.
  • Clark, J.S. (1928). "Australian Formicidae" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 14 (4): 29–41.
  • Clark, J.S. (1929). "Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island. No. III. The ants". Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 15: 55–56.
  • Clark, J.S. (1929). "Results of a collecting trip to the Cann River, East Gippsland" (PDF). Victorian Naturalist. 46: 115–123. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26625.
  • Clark, J.S. (1930). "New Formicidae, with notes on some little-known species" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 43 (1): 2–25. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26628.
  • Clark, J.S. (1930). "Some new Australian Formicidae" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 42 (11): 116–128. doi:10.5281/zenodo.266268.
  • Clark, J.S. (1930). "The Australian ants of the genus Dolichoderus, subgenus Hypoclinea Mayr" (PDF). Australian Zoologist. 6 (3): 252–268. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26627.
  • Clark, J.S. (1934). "Ants from the Otway Ranges" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 8: 48–73. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26631.
  • Clark, J.S. (1934). "New Australian ants" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 8: 21–47. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26630.
  • Clark, J.S. (1934). "Notes on Australian ants, with descriptions of new species and a new genus" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 8: 5–20. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26629.
  • Clark, J.S. (1936). "A revision of Australian species of Rhytidoponera Mayr (Formicidae)" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 9: 14–88. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26632.
  • Clark, J.S. (1938). "Reports of the McCoy Society for field investigation and research. No. 2. Sir Joseph Banks Islands. 10. Formicidae" (PDF). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 50: 356–382. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26633.
  • Clark, J.S. (1941). "Australian Formicidae. Notes and new species" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 12: 71–93. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26634.
  • Clark, J.S. (1941). "Notes on the Argentine ant and other exotic ants introduced into Australia". Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 12: 59–70. doi:10.24199/j.mmv.1941.12.05.
  • Clark, J.S. (1943). "A revision of the genus Promyrmecia Emery (Formicidae)" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 13: 83–149. ISSN 0083-5986.

Notes edit

  1. ^ Referred to as Miss. A. E. Baesjou in Clark's article.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Upton, M.S. (1993). Clark, John (1885–1956). Vol. 13. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 20 November 2015. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Brown, W.L. Jr. (1956). "John Clark" (PDF). Entomological News. 67 (8): 197–199.
  3. ^ a b Gordh, G.; Headrick, D.H. (2011). A Dictionary of Entomology. Vol. 91 (2nd ed.). Wallingford: CABI. p. 311. Bibcode:1913Natur..91S.134.. doi:10.1038/091134c0. ISBN 978-1-84593-542-9. S2CID 3947767. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  4. ^ a b "CSIRO team finds world's most primitive ant". The Canberra Times. Canberra, ACT: National Library of Australia. 18 November 1977. p. 3. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  5. ^ a b c Clark, J.S. (1934). "Notes on Australian ants, with descriptions of new species and a new genus" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 8: 5–20. doi:10.5281/zenodo.26629.
  6. ^ Serventy, V. (17 March 1955). "A Touch of Nature". Narrogin Observer. Narrogin, WA: National Library of Australia. p. 13. Retrieved 18 May 2016.
  7. ^ Taylor, R.W. (1977). "Nothomyrmecia macrops: a living-fossil ant rediscovered". Science. 201 (4360): 979–985. Bibcode:1978Sci...201..979T. doi:10.1126/science.201.4360.979. JSTOR 1746819. PMID 17743619. S2CID 22673165.
  8. ^ Brown, W.L. Jr.; Wilson, E.O. (1959). (PDF). Western Australian Naturalist. 7 (2): 25–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 November 2015.
  9. ^ Schultz, T. R. (2000). "In search of ant ancestors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 97 (26): 14028–14029. Bibcode:2000PNAS...9714028S. doi:10.1073/pnas.011513798. PMC 34089. PMID 11106367.
  10. ^ "'Dinosaur' that still lives". The Canberra Times. Canberra, ACT: National Library of Australia. 30 June 1982. p. 18. Retrieved 22 November 2015.
  11. ^ Kohout, R.J. (2013). "Revision of Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) Wheeler, 1911 (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Formicinae)" (PDF). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. 56 (2): 487–577.
  12. ^ Wheeler, W.M. (1933). Colony-founding among ants, with an account of some primitive Australian species (PDF). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 83. OCLC 1411297.
  13. ^ Wheeler, W.M. (1935). "Myrmecological notes" (PDF). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 42 (1): 68–72. doi:10.1155/1935/17645.
  14. ^ Wheeler, W.M. (1935). "Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island, Western Australia. No. IX. - The ants" (PDF). Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 20: 137–163. doi:10.5281/zenodo.25251.
  15. ^ McAreavey, J.J. (1957). "Revision of the genus Stigmacros Forel" (PDF). Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria. 21: 7–64. doi:10.5281/zenodo.25878.
  16. ^ Musgrave, A. (1932). Bibliography of Australian Entomology, 1775-1930: with Biographical Notes on Authors and Collectors. Sydney: Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales. pp. 48–49, 240. OCLC 37087568.
  17. ^ "John Clark". Hymenoptera Online Database. Retrieved 20 November 2015.

External links edit

  • John S. Clark at the AntWiki – Bringing Ants to the World
  •   Data related to John S. Clark at Wikispecies

December 14, 2023
john, clark, march, 1885, june, 1956, scottish, born, australian, entomologist, myrmecologist, known, study, australian, ants, born, glasgow, developed, interest, entomology, young, clark, first, arrived, australia, 1905, originally, worked, state, railways, q. John S Clark 21 March 1885 1 June 1956 was a Scottish born Australian entomologist and myrmecologist known for his study of Australian ants Born in Glasgow he developed an interest in entomology at a young age Clark first arrived in Australia in 1905 and originally worked for the state railways in Queensland He developed an interest in ants shortly afterwards collecting his first specimens in North Queensland He married his first wife Maggie Forbes in 1908 who bore four children and died in 1935 He married his second wife Phyllis Marjorie Claringbulls in 1939 and had two daughters with her On her suicide in 1943 Clark sent his daughters to an orphanage John S ClarkBorn 1885 03 21 21 March 1885Glasgow ScotlandDied1 June 1956 1956 06 01 aged 71 Mooroolbark VictoriaNationalityScottishCitizenshipAustralianKnown forContributions to myrmecologySpousesMaggie Forbes m 1908 died 1935 wbr Phyllis Marjorie Claringbull m 1939 died 1943 wbr Children6Scientific careerFieldsEntomologyMyrmecologyInstitutionsWestern Australia Department of AgricultureMuseum VictoriaIn 1919 Clark worked as the assistant to the entomologist on probation in the Western Australian Department of Agriculture but in 1920 he took on this position full time He started to publish his first articles about pest insects and ants from 1921 in 1926 he became an entomologist at the National Museum in Melbourne remaining there for 20 years Clark continued to publish more articles until he resigned from the National Museum of Victoria in 1944 Living in poverty Clark lived a reclusive life publishing his last book in 1951 He died on 1 June 1956 at the age of 71 survived by his six children One of Clark s most notable achievements was describing Nothomyrmecia macrops the most primitive living ant Several ants have been named after him in recognition of his contributions Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life 1 2 Career 2 Research 3 Death and recognition 4 Published works 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksBiography editEarly life edit nbsp Glasgow where Clark was bornJohn S Clark was born on 21 March 1885 in Glasgow Scotland to parents James Souttar Clark a coach painter and Maggie Clark nee Scott 1 2 3 At an early age Clark had an interest in entomology throughout his years in Glasgow and adult life in Australia 2 Clark migrated to Australia in 1905 with little formal education but found himself working for the state railways in Queensland There he found an interest in ants and made his first collection of specimens in North Queensland 1 In May 1908 Clark married his first wife Maggie Forbes at the Cairns Presbyterian Church After their marriage they moved to Geraldton in Western Australia where Clark worked for the railways as a wheelwright He had one son and three daughters with Forbes Forbes later died from heart disease in 1935 1 Career edit Australian entomologist Leslie John William Newman of the Western Australian Department of Agriculture noticed Clark s enthusiasm for natural history and on probation took Clark in as the assistant to the entomologist in 1919 1 In 1920 Clark s position in the Department of Agriculture was confirmed due to this Clark and his family moved to Perth He began publishing his first papers discussing the history of entomology in Western Australia in 1921 and also basic articles about ants insect pests in Australian forests and myrmecophilous beetles 1 2 Three years after his articles were first published Clark was promoted to assistant entomologist 1 Scientists attending the 1926 Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science suggested that Clark should apply for a position as entomologist at the National Museum of Victoria in which he was appointed in late 1926 and began working there in 1927 After working for the museum he found museum work not to his liking and tried to apply for the post of economic entomologist in New Guinea which at the time was an Australian administered territory However this was unsuccessful for Clark who remained at the National Museum of Victoria for nearly 20 years 1 2 In 1933 Clark sold 8 000 ant specimens he collected to the museum for about 200 1 Following the death of his first wife in 1935 Clark moved from Hawthorn to Ferntree Gully in Melbourne A couple of years later in 1939 he married his second wife Phyllis Marjorie Claringbull at the Office of the Government Statist bearing two more daughters Claringbull committed suicide in 1943 three months after she gave birth to her second daughter Clark later sent them to an orphanage as he was unable to look after them 1 Clark s intemperate attitude to his peers and superiors and lack of qualifications bedevilled his career although he was welcoming to amateurs In 1944 Clark resigned from the National Museum of Victoria after Australian botanist Richard Pescott became the director of the museum As a result he moved to Mooroolbark and lived in poverty losing all of his entitlements 1 Due to his reputable view as an authority on ants Clark worked on a monograph of ants in Australia supported by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation through grants His first volume was published in 1951 which covered the Australian bulldog ants subfamily Myrmeciinae However the first volume received poor reviews and no further volume was released In fact it is unknown whether or not any further volume will be released 1 2 Research edit nbsp Nothomyrmecia was described by Clark in 1934 and is considered to be the most primitive ant aliveAside from some papers published discussing myrmecophilous beetles and insect pests in forests Clark predominately researched and published articles about the taxonomy of Australian ants 2 All of his articles and monographs were published in Australia Throughout his career Clark described around 200 different species of ants but half of these may be synonyms He worked and researched with all of the main groups of Australian ants but his research and revisionary efforts were extensive with members of the former subfamily Cerapachyinae now Dorylinae especially those of Phyracaces the Myrmeciinae Rhytidoponera and members of the tribe Dolichoderini 2 Clark is most notable for describing the dinosaur ant Nothomyrmecia macrops which is the most primitive living ant in the world and second most primitive when the fossil record is included 2 4 The first collection of Nothomyrmecia was made in December 1931 by Amy Crocker a who collected specimens of two worker ants reportedly near the Russell Range from Israelite Bay in Western Australia 5 Crocker sent the two specimens to Clark at the museum for study in 1934 Clark published a formal description of Nothomyrmecia as a completely new genus of the Myrmeciinae 5 6 He did so because the two specimens which then became the syntypes bore no resemblance to any ant species he knew of although they did share similar morphological characteristics with the extinct genus Prionomyrmex 5 This unusual ant remained unknown to scientists causing intense scientific interest in the early 1950s Over three decades however teams of Australian and American collectors failed to re find it after they initiated a series of searches Then in 1977 entomologist Robert Taylor and his party of entomologists from Canberra found a solitary worker ant at Poochera southeast of Ceduna some 1 300 km 810 mi from the reported site of the 1931 discovery 7 8 9 After 46 years of searching for it entomologists have dubbed the ant the Holy Grail of myrmecology 4 10 Such discovery of Nothomyrmecia and its general nature marks it as one of Clark s most notable achievements 2 Death and recognition editClark died at his Mooroolbark home on 1 June 1956 at the age of 71 American entomologist William Brown Jr notes that Clark was living the life of a recluse during his declining years 1 2 3 Survived by six children Clark was buried in Burwood Cemetery At the time of his death the majority of his ant collection were housed in the National Museum of Victoria the Natural History Museum in London and the Museum of Comparative Zoology in Cambridge 1 2 One of Clark s daughters Ellen Clark was a renowned naturalist She had worked with her father at the museum in 1940 and was the secretary of the virus department of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research As well as that she worked for the Argus and Australasian and published papers on influenza virus research and crustaceans 1 A number of ants have been named after Clark The holotype of Polyrhachis clarki was originally collected by Clark but it was not described until 2013 There the author of the article named the ant after him 11 Leptogenys clarki is another ant named after Clark for his contributions towards Australian ants being described by American entomologist William Morton Wheeler in 1933 12 Ants he collected that bear his name include Dolichoderus clarki 13 Plagiolepis clarki 14 and Stigmacros clarki 15 Published works editOver the course of his career Clark published over 35 entomological papers 1 16 The following publications are found at the Hymenoptera Online Database 17 Books Clark J S 1951 The Formicidae of Australia Volume 1 Subfamily Myrmeciinae PDF Melbourne Victoria CSIRO Publishing pp 1 230 Journals Clark J S 1924 Australian Formicidae PDF Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 9 2 72 89 Clark J S 1924 Australian Formicidae PDF Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 10 12 75 89 Clark J S 1925 The ants of Victoria Part 1 PDF Victorian Naturalist 42 58 64 Clark J S 1925 The ants of Victoria Part 2 PDF Victorian Naturalist 42 135 144 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26621 Clark J S 1926 Australian Formicidae PDF Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 12 43 52 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26622 Clark J S 1927 The ants of Victoria Part III PDF Victorian Naturalist 44 33 40 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26623 Clark J S 1928 Entomological reports Formicidae Pages 39 44 in Report of the Victorian Field Naturalists Expedition through the Western District of Victoria in October 1927 PDF Victorian Naturalist 45 1 52 Clark J S 1928 Ants from north Queensland PDF Victorian Naturalist 45 169 171 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26624 Clark J S 1928 Australian Formicidae PDF Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 14 4 29 41 Clark J S 1929 Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island No III The ants Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 15 55 56 Clark J S 1929 Results of a collecting trip to the Cann River East Gippsland PDF Victorian Naturalist 46 115 123 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26625 Clark J S 1930 New Formicidae with notes on some little known species PDF Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 43 1 2 25 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26628 Clark J S 1930 Some new Australian Formicidae PDF Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 42 11 116 128 doi 10 5281 zenodo 266268 Clark J S 1930 The Australian ants of the genus Dolichoderus subgenus Hypoclinea Mayr PDF Australian Zoologist 6 3 252 268 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26627 Clark J S 1934 Ants from the Otway Ranges PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 8 48 73 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26631 Clark J S 1934 New Australian ants PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 8 21 47 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26630 Clark J S 1934 Notes on Australian ants with descriptions of new species and a new genus PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 8 5 20 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26629 Clark J S 1936 A revision of Australian species of Rhytidoponera Mayr Formicidae PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 9 14 88 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26632 Clark J S 1938 Reports of the McCoy Society for field investigation and research No 2 Sir Joseph Banks Islands 10 Formicidae PDF Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 50 356 382 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26633 Clark J S 1941 Australian Formicidae Notes and new species PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 12 71 93 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26634 Clark J S 1941 Notes on the Argentine ant and other exotic ants introduced into Australia Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 12 59 70 doi 10 24199 j mmv 1941 12 05 Clark J S 1943 A revision of the genus Promyrmecia Emery Formicidae PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 13 83 149 ISSN 0083 5986 Notes edit Referred to as Miss A E Baesjou in Clark s article References edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Upton M S 1993 Clark John 1885 1956 Vol 13 National Centre of Biography Australian National University Archived from the original on 20 November 2015 Retrieved 20 November 2015 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help a b c d e f g h i j k Brown W L Jr 1956 John Clark PDF Entomological News 67 8 197 199 a b Gordh G Headrick D H 2011 A Dictionary of Entomology Vol 91 2nd ed Wallingford CABI p 311 Bibcode 1913Natur 91S 134 doi 10 1038 091134c0 ISBN 978 1 84593 542 9 S2CID 3947767 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a journal ignored help a b CSIRO team finds world s most primitive ant The Canberra Times Canberra ACT National Library of Australia 18 November 1977 p 3 Retrieved 22 November 2015 a b c Clark J S 1934 Notes on Australian ants with descriptions of new species and a new genus PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 8 5 20 doi 10 5281 zenodo 26629 Serventy V 17 March 1955 A Touch of Nature Narrogin Observer Narrogin WA National Library of Australia p 13 Retrieved 18 May 2016 Taylor R W 1977 Nothomyrmecia macrops a living fossil ant rediscovered Science 201 4360 979 985 Bibcode 1978Sci 201 979T doi 10 1126 science 201 4360 979 JSTOR 1746819 PMID 17743619 S2CID 22673165 Brown W L Jr Wilson E O 1959 The search for Nothomyrmecia PDF Western Australian Naturalist 7 2 25 30 Archived from the original PDF on 21 November 2015 Schultz T R 2000 In search of ant ancestors Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97 26 14028 14029 Bibcode 2000PNAS 9714028S doi 10 1073 pnas 011513798 PMC 34089 PMID 11106367 Dinosaur that still lives The Canberra Times Canberra ACT National Library of Australia 30 June 1982 p 18 Retrieved 22 November 2015 Kohout R J 2013 Revision of Polyrhachis Hagiomyrma Wheeler 1911 Insecta Hymenoptera Formicidae Formicinae PDF Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 56 2 487 577 Wheeler W M 1933 Colony founding among ants with an account of some primitive Australian species PDF Cambridge Massachusetts Harvard University Press p 83 OCLC 1411297 Wheeler W M 1935 Myrmecological notes PDF Psyche A Journal of Entomology 42 1 68 72 doi 10 1155 1935 17645 Wheeler W M 1935 Contributions to the fauna of Rottnest Island Western Australia No IX The ants PDF Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia 20 137 163 doi 10 5281 zenodo 25251 McAreavey J J 1957 Revision of the genus Stigmacros Forel PDF Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria 21 7 64 doi 10 5281 zenodo 25878 Musgrave A 1932 Bibliography of Australian Entomology 1775 1930 with Biographical Notes on Authors and Collectors Sydney Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales pp 48 49 240 OCLC 37087568 John Clark Hymenoptera Online Database Retrieved 20 November 2015 External links editJohn S Clark at the AntWiki Bringing Ants to the World nbsp Data related to John S Clark at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title John S Clark amp oldid 1153512944, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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