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Johannes Widmann

Johannes Widmann (c. 1460 – after 1498) was a German mathematician. The + and - symbols first appeared in print in his book Mercantile Arithmetic or Behende und hüpsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft published in Leipzig in 1489 in reference to surpluses and deficits in business problems.[1]

Johannes Widmann
The first use of the plus and minus signs in print
Bornc. 1460
Diedafter 1498
NationalityGerman
Alma materUniversity of Leipzig
Known forPlus and minus signs, first university lecture on algebra
Scientific career
FieldsMathematics
InstitutionsUniversity of Leipzig

Born in Eger, Bohemia, Widmann attended the University of Leipzig in the 1480s. In 1482 he earned his "Baccalaureus" (Bachelor of Art degree) and in 1485 his "Magister" (doctorate).

Widman published Behende und hübsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft (German; i.e. Nimble and neat calculation in all trades), his work making use of the signs, in Leipzig in 1489.[1] Further editions were published in Pforzheim, Hagenau, and Augsburg. Handwritten entries in a surviving collection show that after earning his "Magister" Widman announced holding lectures on e.g. calculating on the lines of a calculating board and on algebra. There is evidence that the lecture on algebra actually took place, making it the first known university lecture on this topic.[citation needed]

Around 1495 Widmann published the Latin writings Algorithmus integrorum cum probis annexis, Algorithmus linealis, Algorithmus minutiarum phisicarum, Algorithmus minutiarum vulgarium, Regula falsi apud philosophantes augmenti et decrementi appellata und Tractatus proportionum plusquam aureus.

He died in Leipzig.

When Adam Ries was in Erfurt between 1518 and 1522 he got to know Widmann's algebra lecture script (today in the Saxon State Library) wherefrom he took examples for his own writings.

References edit

  1. ^ a b Florian Cajori (1 June 2007). A History of Mathematical Notations -. Cosimo, Inc. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-60206-684-7. Retrieved 6 July 2013.

Sources edit

  • Barbara Gärtner, Johannes Widmanns „Behende und hübsche Rechenung“. Die Textsorte „Rechenbuch“ in der Frühen Neuzeit, Tübingen 2000. (Germanistische Linguistik. 222.)
  • M. Cantor, Vorlesungen über Geschichte der Mathematik II (Leipzig, 1913), pp. 228s.
  • K. Fogel, Merchants' aids in practical arithmetic from the Middle Ages (Russian), Istor.-Mat. Issled. No. 23 (1978), pp. 235–249; 359.
  • W. Kaunzner and H. Wussing (eds.), Adam Ries, Coss (B.G. Teubner Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart, 1992).
  • Karl Röttel, Johannes Widmann – Am Wendepunkt der Mathematikgeschichte. In: Schatzkammer der Rechenkunst. Annaberg-Buchholz 2008.
  • K. Vogel, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 1970-1990).
  • Franz Xaver Wilhelm, Zur Biographie des Mathematikers Johann Widmann von Eger. In: Mitteilungen des Vereins für Geschichte der Deutschen in Böhmen, Volume 45 (1907), pp. 429–430.


johannes, widmann, 1460, after, 1498, german, mathematician, symbols, first, appeared, print, book, mercantile, arithmetic, behende, hüpsche, rechenung, auff, allen, kauffmanschafft, published, leipzig, 1489, reference, surpluses, deficits, business, problems,. Johannes Widmann c 1460 after 1498 was a German mathematician The and symbols first appeared in print in his book Mercantile Arithmetic or Behende und hupsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft published in Leipzig in 1489 in reference to surpluses and deficits in business problems 1 Johannes WidmannThe first use of the plus and minus signs in printBornc 1460Eger Holy Roman EmpireDiedafter 1498LeipzigNationalityGermanAlma materUniversity of LeipzigKnown forPlus and minus signs first university lecture on algebraScientific careerFieldsMathematicsInstitutionsUniversity of Leipzig Born in Eger Bohemia Widmann attended the University of Leipzig in the 1480s In 1482 he earned his Baccalaureus Bachelor of Art degree and in 1485 his Magister doctorate Widman published Behende und hubsche Rechenung auff allen Kauffmanschafft German i e Nimble and neat calculation in all trades his work making use of the signs in Leipzig in 1489 1 Further editions were published in Pforzheim Hagenau and Augsburg Handwritten entries in a surviving collection show that after earning his Magister Widman announced holding lectures on e g calculating on the lines of a calculating board and on algebra There is evidence that the lecture on algebra actually took place making it the first known university lecture on this topic citation needed Around 1495 Widmann published the Latin writings Algorithmus integrorum cum probis annexis Algorithmus linealis Algorithmus minutiarum phisicarum Algorithmus minutiarum vulgarium Regula falsi apud philosophantes augmenti et decrementi appellata und Tractatus proportionum plusquam aureus He died in Leipzig When Adam Ries was in Erfurt between 1518 and 1522 he got to know Widmann s algebra lecture script today in the Saxon State Library wherefrom he took examples for his own writings References edit a b Florian Cajori 1 June 2007 A History of Mathematical Notations Cosimo Inc p 128 ISBN 978 1 60206 684 7 Retrieved 6 July 2013 Sources editBarbara Gartner Johannes Widmanns Behende und hubsche Rechenung Die Textsorte Rechenbuch in der Fruhen Neuzeit Tubingen 2000 Germanistische Linguistik 222 M Cantor Vorlesungen uber Geschichte der Mathematik II Leipzig 1913 pp 228s K Fogel Merchants aids in practical arithmetic from the Middle Ages Russian Istor Mat Issled No 23 1978 pp 235 249 359 W Kaunzner and H Wussing eds Adam Ries Coss B G Teubner Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 1992 Karl Rottel Johannes Widmann Am Wendepunkt der Mathematikgeschichte In Schatzkammer der Rechenkunst Annaberg Buchholz 2008 K Vogel Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography New York 1970 1990 Franz Xaver Wilhelm Zur Biographie des Mathematikers Johann Widmann von Eger In Mitteilungen des Vereins fur Geschichte der Deutschen in Bohmen Volume 45 1907 pp 429 430 nbsp This article about a German mathematician is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Johannes Widmann amp oldid 1181110360, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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