Oenocarpus bataua, the patawa, sehe, hungurahua (Ecuador) or mingucha, is a palm tree native to the Amazon rainforest. The tree produces edible fruits rich in high-quality oil.[3]
In Western Amazonia, O. bataua is one of the top three palm species in both frequency and abundance. It reaches its highest densities in soils of low to intermediate nutrient concentration.[4] In Colombia, it is usually found in sandy soils with a high organic matter content that are subject to flooding, possibly because there are few other species which compete with it. It can grow extremely well on unflooded soils as witnessed by high-density stands in the pastures of the Colombian Chocó, though it is rarely found on terra firma in the wild since competition from other species is such that it rarely gets the high light levels it needs to set fruit.[5]
Descriptionedit
Its stem is solitary, erect, 10–25 m (33–82 ft) in height and 2–3 dm (8–12 in) diameter, smooth, and ring-shaped. It has 10–16 leaf terminals, petiole 10–50 cm (3.9–19.7 in), rachis 3–7 m (9.8–23.0 ft) long; with leaflets up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) long and 15 cm breadth, approximately 100 to each side, placed in the same plane.[5]
The blossom is 1–2 m (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) long, with about 300 rachilas up to 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) length. The flowers are yellow with sepals 2 mm (0.079 in) and petals 7 mm (0.28 in) long.[5]
Usesedit
Patawa fruits are used for cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical purposes.[6]
Traditionally indigenous peoples have collected the fruit and matured it in tepid water in order to prepare drinks and also to extract its oil.[5] Its drupes are 8–10% oil. The rachis have been used to manufacture arrows and the leaves to make baskets and construct provisional housings.[5] Additionally, Rhynchophorus palmarumlarvae are harvested from the palm.[7]
Pataua oil
Oiledit
Traditionally, patauá oil is used by Amazonian communities in fried foods. In Bolivia, the oil is known as aceite de majo.[8]
It is also used in cosmetic production, as it can be used as a tonic to soften the hair.[9]
The oil is used in traditional medicine to treat cough and bronchitis.[3]
Referencesedit
^Martius, Carl von. 1823. Historia Naturalis Palmarum II: 23. Lipsiae (Leipzig): T.O. Weigel.
^ abKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^Cámara-Leret, Rodrigo (2017). "Modelling responses of western Amazonian palms to soil nutrients". Journal of Ecology. 105 (2): 367–381. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12708.
^ abcdeGaleano, Gloria 1991. Las palmas de la región del Araracuara. Bogotá: TOPEMBOS - Universidad Nacional. Segunda edición, 1992, p.p. 146-148.
^Amazonian palm Oenocarpus bataua (“patawa”): chemical and biological antioxidant activity - phytochemical composition. A. Rezaire, J.-C. Robinson, B. Bereau, A. Verbaere, N. Sommerer, M.K. Khan, P. Durand, E. Prost and B. Fils-Lycaon, Food Chemistry, In Press, Accepted Manuscript, doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.077
^La Rotta, Constanza 1990. Especies utilizadas por la Comunidad Miraña: 296-297. Bogotá: WWF - FEN.
^Brokamp, Grischa (2015). Relevance and Sustainability of Wild Plant Collection in NW South America: Insights from the Plant Families Arecaceae and Krameriaceae. Wiesbaden: Springer Spektrum. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-08696-1. ISBN978-3-658-08695-4. S2CID 30557398.
oenocarpus, bataua, patawa, sehe, hungurahua, ecuador, mingucha, palm, tree, native, amazon, rainforest, tree, produces, edible, fruits, rich, high, quality, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, tracheophytes, clade, angiosperms, clade, monocot. Oenocarpus bataua the patawa sehe hungurahua Ecuador or mingucha is a palm tree native to the Amazon rainforest The tree produces edible fruits rich in high quality oil 3 Oenocarpus bataua Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Monocots Clade Commelinids Order Arecales Family Arecaceae Genus Oenocarpus Species O bataua Binomial name Oenocarpus batauaMart 1823 1 Synonyms 2 Jessenia bataua Mart Burret 1929 Oenocarpus batawa Wallace 1853 spelling variation Jessenia polycarpa H Karst 1857 Jessenia oligocarpa Griseb amp H Wendl ex Griseb 1864 Jessenia repanda Engl 1865 Jessenia weberbaueri Burret 1929 Jessenia oligocarpa Griseb amp H Wendl 1864 Oenocarpus oligocarpus Griseb amp H Wendl Wess Boer 1965 Contents 1 Distribution and habitat 2 Description 3 Uses 4 Oil 5 References 6 External linksDistribution and habitat editIt is native to the tropical rainforests of South America and is abundant in the wet zones at elevations less than 1 000 m 3 300 ft Its distribution stretches from Panama and Trinidad to the Amazon basin Colombia Venezuela Guianas Brazil Bolivia Ecuador Peru 2 Two varieties are recognized Oenocarpus bataua var bataua Panama and South America Oenocarpus bataua var oligocarpus Griseb amp H Wendl A J Hend Trinidad Venezuela Guianas In Western Amazonia O bataua is one of the top three palm species in both frequency and abundance It reaches its highest densities in soils of low to intermediate nutrient concentration 4 In Colombia it is usually found in sandy soils with a high organic matter content that are subject to flooding possibly because there are few other species which compete with it It can grow extremely well on unflooded soils as witnessed by high density stands in the pastures of the Colombian Choco though it is rarely found on terra firma in the wild since competition from other species is such that it rarely gets the high light levels it needs to set fruit 5 Description editIts stem is solitary erect 10 25 m 33 82 ft in height and 2 3 dm 8 12 in diameter smooth and ring shaped It has 10 16 leaf terminals petiole 10 50 cm 3 9 19 7 in rachis 3 7 m 9 8 23 0 ft long with leaflets up to 2 m 6 ft 7 in long and 15 cm breadth approximately 100 to each side placed in the same plane 5 The blossom is 1 2 m 3 ft 3 in 6 ft 7 in long with about 300 rachilas up to 1 3 m 4 ft 3 in length The flowers are yellow with sepals 2 mm 0 079 in and petals 7 mm 0 28 in long 5 Uses editPatawa fruits are used for cosmetic food and pharmaceutical purposes 6 Traditionally indigenous peoples have collected the fruit and matured it in tepid water in order to prepare drinks and also to extract its oil 5 Its drupes are 8 10 oil The rachis have been used to manufacture arrows and the leaves to make baskets and construct provisional housings 5 Additionally Rhynchophorus palmarum larvae are harvested from the palm 7 nbsp Pataua oilOil editTraditionally pataua oil is used by Amazonian communities in fried foods In Bolivia the oil is known as aceite de majo 8 It is also used in cosmetic production as it can be used as a tonic to soften the hair 9 The oil is used in traditional medicine to treat cough and bronchitis 3 References edit Martius Carl von 1823 Historia Naturalis Palmarum II 23 Lipsiae Leipzig T O Weigel a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families a b Vallejo Rendon Dario 2002 Oenocarpus bataua seje Colombia Amazonica separata especies promisorias 1 Corporacion Colombiana para la Amazonia Araracuara COA Camara Leret Rodrigo 2017 Modelling responses of western Amazonian palms to soil nutrients Journal of Ecology 105 2 367 381 doi 10 1111 1365 2745 12708 a b c d e Galeano Gloria 1991 Las palmas de la region del Araracuara Bogota TOPEMBOS Universidad Nacional Segunda edicion 1992 p p 146 148 Amazonian palm Oenocarpus bataua patawa chemical and biological antioxidant activity phytochemical composition A Rezaire J C Robinson B Bereau A Verbaere N Sommerer M K Khan P Durand E Prost and B Fils Lycaon Food Chemistry In Press Accepted Manuscript doi 10 1016 j foodchem 2013 10 077 La Rotta Constanza 1990 Especies utilizadas por la Comunidad Mirana 296 297 Bogota WWF FEN Brokamp Grischa 2015 Relevance and Sustainability of Wild Plant Collection in NW South America Insights from the Plant Families Arecaceae and Krameriaceae Wiesbaden Springer Spektrum doi 10 1007 978 3 658 08696 1 ISBN 978 3 658 08695 4 S2CID 30557398 Pataua External links edit nbsp Data related to Oenocarpus bataua at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oenocarpus bataua amp oldid 1185387596, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
