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Irdin Manha Formation

January 01, 1970

The Irdin Manha Formation is a geological formation from the Eocene located in Inner Mongolia, China, a few kilometres south of the Mongolian border.[1]

Irdin Manha Formation
Stratigraphic range: Eocene
TypeGeological formation
Location
Coordinates43°42′N 112°00′E / 43.7°N 112.0°E / 43.7; 112.0
RegionInner Mongolia
Country China
Approximate paleocoordinates45°12′N 105°42′E / 45.2°N 105.7°E / 45.2; 105.7
Irdin Manha Formation (China)

Fossil content edit

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Mammals edit

U.S. paleontologists Henry Fairfield Osborn and Roy C. Andrews discovered two premolars on the site in 1923, and assigned the specimen to the new genus Eudinoceras because he believed it to be related to "Dinoceras" (now known as Uintatherium). Within a decade, however, as more complete specimens were recovered, the animal was identified as a Mongolian relative to the North American pantodont Coryphodon. The expedition also lead to the discovery of the only known skull of Andrewsarchus.[2]

Artiodactyls edit

Artiodactyls reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Achaenodontidae? An incomplete upper tooth (AMNH 20136).[3] Doubtfully assigned to the family.
Cf. Archaeomeryx, gen indet. Fragment of lower jaw (AMNH 20173).[3] A traguliform.
Andrewsarchus A. mongoliensis Around Telegraph Line Camp.[4] A large skull.[5] A relative of entelodonts formerly thought to be a mesonychid.
 
 
Erlianhyus E. primitivus Irdin Manha, Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol.[6] A right upper maxilla with P3–M3 (IVPP V 28275).[6] A basal artiodactyl.
Gobiohyus G. orientalis Telegraph Line Camp.[7] Jaw elements.[3][7] A helohyid also found in the Ulan Shireh Formation.
G. pressidens Telegraph Line Camp.[7] Partial right rami.[3][7] A helohyid.
G. robustus Telegraph Line Camp.[7] Left ramus (AMNH 20246).[3][7] A helohyid.
Obotherium O. parvum Irdin Manha, Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol.[8] Teeth and lower jaws[8] A tapirulid.

Cimolestans edit

Cimolestans reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Eudinoceras E. mongoliensis 2 premolars & jaw elements.[2][3][9] A coryphodontid.

Dinoceratans edit

Dinoceratans reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Gobiatherium G. mirificum 25 miles southwest from Iren Dabasu.[2] Skull, jaws & limb elements.[2] An uintatheriid.
 

Ferae edit

Ferae reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Miacis M. invictus Isolated upper molar (AMNH 20137).[3] A miacid.
 
Propterodon P. irdinensis Jaw fragments.[3] A hyaenodontid.
Sarkastodon S. mongoliensis About 25 miles southwest of Iren Dabasu.[10] Skull & jaws.[10] An oxyaenid.
 

Glires edit

Glires reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Advenimus A. burkei Near Camp Margetts.[11] Jaw elements.[11] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
Asiomys A. dawsoni Huheboerhe.[12] Fragment of right calcaneus (IVPP V24417).[12] An ischyromyid rodent.
Erenlagus E. anielae Huheboerhe.[13] Teeth.[13] A stem-lagomorph.
Gomphos G. shevyrevae Huheboerhe escarpment.[14] Teeth & foot elements.[14] A mimotonid.
Ischyromyidae genus indet. Species A Irdin Manha escarpment.[12] Right calcaneus (IVPP V24416).[12] Relatively large ischyromyid rodent, calcaneus comparable in size to that of a coypu or Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine.[12]
Species B Daoteyin Obo.[12] Right calcaneus (IVPP V24418).[12] Large ischyromyid rodent with calcaneus matching in length that of a coypu & similar in structure to that of Paramys.[12]
Mimolagus M. aurorae Irdin Manha escarpment.[15] Teeth & foot elements.[15] A large mimotonid.
Pappocricetodon P. neimongolensis Huheboerhe.[16] Teeth.[16] A cricetid rodent.
P. cf. P. zhongtiaensis Huheboerhe.[16] A left molar.[16] A cricetid rodent.
P. sp. Huheboerhe.[16] A right molar.[16] A cricetid rodent.
Paramyidae Paramyid spp. Teeth & jaws.[11] 3 sizes of paramyid rodents, possibly different species.
?Paramyid sp. Left jaw (AMNH 80801).[11] Possible small paramyid rodent.
Simplicimys S. bellus Huheboerhe.[17] Teeth.[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent also known from the Arshanto Formation.
Strenulagus S. solaris Irdin Manha and Huheboerhe localities.[18] Isolated cheek teeth, fragmentary upper incisors (dI2) and postcranial elements.[18] A stem-lagomorph also known from the Khaychin Formation.
Tamquammys T. fractus Huheboerhe.[17] Right maxilla (V17798).[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
T. wilsoni Teeth.[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent also known from the Arshanto & Nomogen formations.
Yongshengomys Y. extensus Huheboerhe.[17] Teeth.[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
Yuomys Y. huheboerhensis Huheboerhe.[17] Teeth.[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
Y. sp. A Huheboerhe.[17] A right molar (V17805).[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
Y. sp. B Huheboerhe.[17] A right molar (V17806).[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.
Y. sp. C Huheboerhe.[17] A right molar (V17807).[17] A ctenodactyloid rodent.

Mesonychians edit

Mesonychians reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Hapalodectes ?H. auctus An upper molar or possibly premolar (AMNH 20130).[3] A hapalodectid.
H. serus Around Telegraph Line Camp.[4] Lower cheek tooth (AMNH 20172).[3][4] A hapalodectid.
 
Harpagolestes H. leei Huheboerhe & Daoteyin Obo.[19] Tooth elements.[19] A mesonychid.
Mesonychidae Gen. indet. AMNH 20132.[3] About the size of Harpagolestes uintensis.
Gen. indet. Isolated tooth (AMNH 20133).[3] About the size of Synoplotherium lanius.
Mongolonyx M. dolichognathus 7 miles west of Camp Margetts.[4] Jaw elements.[4] A large mesonychid.

Perissodactyls edit

Perissodactyls reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Caenolophus C. proficiens Lower jaw & isolated teeth.[20] A rhinocerotoid.
Cooperia C. totadentata Telegraph Line Camp, 23 miles southeast of Iren Dabasu.[21] Front of skull (AMNH 20116).[21] Generic name preoccupied, renamed Forstercooperia.
Desmatotherium D. fissum Upper jaw fragment.[20] A helaletid.
D. mongoliense Irdin Manha escarpment, Duheminboerhe, Huheboerhe & Chaganboerhe.[22] Parts of 10 individuals.[20][23] A helaletid also found in the Mergen Formation.
Forstercooperia F. totadentata Telegraph Line Camp, 23 miles southeast of Iren Dabasu.[21] Front of skull (AMNH 20116).[21] A paraceratheriid, originally named Cooperia.
 
F. ulanshirehensis Irdin Manha site.[24] Jaw elements.[24] A paraceratheriid also known from the Ulan Shireh Formation.
Gnathotitan G. berkeyi Irdin Manha.[25] Jaw elements.[25] A brontothere.
 
Lophialetes L. expeditus Jaw elements.[20] A lophialetid.
L. minutus Upper molar.[20] A lophialetid.
Metatelmatherium M. cristatum Camp Margetts.[25] Skull & lower jaw (AMNH 26411).[25] A brontothere.
M. parvum Irdin Manha.[25] Fragment of left lower jaw (AMNH 20168).[25] A brontothere.
Microtitan M. mongoliensis Jaw elements.[25] A brontothere.
Pappaceras P. confluens Upper gray clays & Camp Margetts area.[26] Skull & jaw elements.[26] A paraceratheriid.
Paracolodon P. fissus Duheminboerhe & Daoteyin Obo.[22] Skull elements & teeth.[22] A helaletid.
Protitan P. bellus Spring Camp, East Mesa, Shara Murun region.[25] Palatal side of skull (AMNH 26104).[25] A brontothere.
P. grangeri Skull elements.[25] A brontothere.
P. minor Camp Margetts.[25] Skull elements.[25] A brontothere.
P. obliquidens Irdin Manha.[25] Part of left maxilla (AMNH 20125).[25] A brontothere.
P. robustus Irdin Manha.[25] Jaw elements & teeth.[25] A brontothere.
Protitanotherium P. mongoliense Lower jaw & foot bones (AMNH 18653).[23] Moved to the genus Rhinotitan.[25]
 
Rhinotitan R. mongoliensis Lower jaw & foot bones (AMNH 18653).[23] A brontothere originally reported as a species of Protitanotherium.
 
Rostriamynodon R. grangeri East of Camp Margetts.[27] Complete skull & mandible (AMNH 107635).[27] An amynodontid.
Teleolophus T. medius Teeth & jaws.[20]

Primates edit

Primates reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Tarkops T. mckennai Huheboerhe.[28] Incomplete left lower jaw (IVPP V16424).[28] An omomyid.

Reptiles edit

Birds edit

Birds reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Buteoninae Chimney Butte.[29] Left coracoid (AMNH FR 2941).[29] Specimen reassigned to Eogrus? sp.
Eogrus E. aeola Chimney Butte.[29] Right metatarsus (AMNH 2936).[29] An eogruid.
E.? sp. Chimney Butte.[29] Left coracoid (AMNH FR 2941).[29] Formerly thought to represent a buteonine, now thought to be an eogruid.[30]
Telecrex T. grangeri Chimney Butte, Shara Murun region.[29][31] An incomplete right femur (AMNH 2942).[29][31] A guineafowl, formerly thought to be a rail.

Crocodilians edit

Crocodilians reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Asiatosuchus A. grangeri 25 miles southwest of Iren Dabasu.[32] Portions of at least 2 individuals.[32] A crocodyloid.

Testudines edit

Testudines reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
"Adocus" "A". orientalis Telegraph Line Camp.[33][34] Anterior half of plastron (AMNH 6356).[33][34] An adocid.
Amyda? A.? johnsoni Telegraph Line Camp.[34] Two-thirds of a carapace (AMNH 6357) & many carapace fragments (AMNH 6359).[34] A softshell turtle.
Trionychidae Indeterminate Telegraph Line Camp.[34] Several kinds of sculptured fragments (AMNH 6360).[34] Remains of softshell turtles.

Fish edit

Fish reported from the Irdin Manha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Pappichthys P. mongoliensis Telegraph Line Camp.[35] Vertebrae.[36] Specimens now believed to represent Siluriformes.
Siluriformes Indeterminate Telegraph Line Camp, Chahar Province.[35] 5 vertebrae (AMNH 8535).[35] A catfish likely related to ictalurids. Formerly assigned to Pappichthys mongoliensis.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Irdin Manha Beds (1930 AMNH Eudinoceras site) (Eocene of China) in the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved July 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d Osborn, Henry Fairfield; Granger, Walter (August 17, 1932). "Coryphodonts and uintatheres from the Mongolian Expedition of 1930". American Museum Novitates (552): 1–16. hdl:2246/3000.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Matthew, William Diller; Granger, Walter (November 21, 1925). "New mammals from the Irdin Manha Eocene of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (198): 1–10. hdl:2246/3182.
  4. ^ a b c d e Szalay, Frederick S.; Gould, Stephen Jay (1966). "Asiatic Mesonychidae (Mammalia, Condylarthra)". Bulletin of the AMNH. 132 (2). hdl:2246/1112.
  5. ^ Osborn, H. F. (11 November 1924). "Andrewsarchus, giant mesonychid of Mongolia" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (146). American Museum of Natural History. from the original on 2 November 2020.
  6. ^ a b Li, Qian; Li, Qi (2022-10-03). "A new middle Eocene bunodont artiodactyl from the Erlian Basin (Nei Mongol, China)". Historical Biology. 34 (10): 1941–1949. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1989679. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 239828310.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Coombs, Margery C.; Coombs, Walter P. (1977). "Dentition of Gobiohyus and a Reevaluation of the Helohyidae (Artiodactyla)". Journal of Mammalogy. 58 (3): 291–308. doi:10.2307/1379328. ISSN 0022-2372. JSTOR 1379328.
  8. ^ a b Bai, Bin; Wang, Yuan-Qing; Theodor, Jessica M.; Meng, Jin (2023). "Small artiodactyls with tapir-like teeth from the middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China". Frontiers in Earth Science. 11. doi:10.3389/feart.2023.1117911. ISSN 2296-6463.
  9. ^ Osborn, Henry Fairfield; Granger, Walter; Andrews, Roy Chapman; Matthew, William Diller (1931). "Coryphodonts of Mongolia: Eudinoceras mongoliensis Osborn, E. kholobolchiensis sp. nov". American Museum Novitates (459). hdl:2246/3066.
  10. ^ a b Granger, Walter; Garber, A. Z. (April 21, 1938). "A giant oxyaenid from the Upper Eocene of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (969): 1–5. hdl:2246/2199?show=full.
  11. ^ a b c d Dawson, Mary (1964). "Late Eocene rodents (Mammalia) from Inner Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (2191). hdl:2246/3304.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h Fostowicz-Frelik, Łucja; López-Torres, Sergi; Li, Qian (2021-06-02). "Tarsal morphology of ischyromyid rodents from the middle Eocene of China gives an insight into the group's diversity in Central Asia". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 11543. Bibcode:2021NatSR..1111543F. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-90796-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8172891. PMID 34078948.
  13. ^ a b Fostowicz-Frelik, Łcja; Li, Qian (2014-12-31). "A new genus of stem lagomorph (Mammalia: Glires) from the Middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. 57 (1): 29–42. doi:10.3409/azc.57_1-2.29. ISSN 0065-1710.
  14. ^ a b Meng, Jin; Kraatz, Brian P.; Wang, Yuanqing; Ni, Xijun; Gebo, Daniel L; Beard, K. Christopher (2009-11-30). "A New Species of Gomphos (Glires, Mammalia) from the Eocene of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". American Museum Novitates (3670): 1–11. doi:10.1206/673.1. ISSN 0003-0082.
  15. ^ a b Fostowicz-Frelik, Łucja; Li, Chuankui; Mao, Fangyuan; Meng, Jin; Wang, Yuanqing (2015-03-30). "A large mimotonid from the Middle Eocene of China sheds light on the evolution of lagomorphs and their kin". Scientific Reports. 5 (1): 9394. doi:10.1038/srep09394. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 4377629. PMID 25818513.
  16. ^ a b c d e f Li, Qian (July 2012). "Middle Eocene Cricetids (Rodentia, Mammalia) from The Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 50 (3): 237–244.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Li, Qian; Meng, Jin (2015). New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids. New York, NY: American Museum of Natural History.
  18. ^ a b Łucja, Fostowicz-Freldc; Chuankui, Li; Qian, Li; Jin, Meng; Yuanqing, Wang (March 3, 2015). "Strenulagus (Mammalia: Lagomorpha) from the Middle Eocene Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Acta Geologica Sinica - English Edition. 89 (1): 12–26. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12391. S2CID 128886984.
  19. ^ a b Jin, Xun (July 2012). "New mesonychid (Mammalia) material from the lower Paleogene of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 50 (3): 245–257.
  20. ^ a b c d e f Matthew, William Diller; Granger, Walter (November 23, 1925). "The smaller perissodactyls of the Irdin Manha Formation, Eocene of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (199): 1–9. hdl:2246/3183.
  21. ^ a b c d Wood, Horace Elmer (December 30, 1938). "Cooperia totadentata, a remarkable rhinoceros from the Eocene of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (1012): 1–20. hdl:2246/2209?show=full.
  22. ^ a b c Bai, Bin (2017). New material of Eocene Helaletidae (Perissodactyla, Tapiroidea) from the Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China, and comments on related localities of the Huheboerhe area. American Museum of Natural History Library. New York, NY : American Museum of Natural History.
  23. ^ a b c Osborn, Henry Fairfield (October 17, 1923). "Titanotheres and lophiodonts in Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (91): 1–5. hdl:2246/3206.
  24. ^ a b Wang, Hai-bing; Wang, Hai-bing; Bai, Bin; Meng, Jin; Wang, Yuanqing (2018). A new species of Forstercooperia (Perissodactyla, Paraceratheriidae) from northern China with a systematic revision of forstercooperiines. New York, NY: American Museum of Natural History.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Granger, Walter; Gregory, William K. (February 4, 1943). "A revision of the Mongolian titanotheres". Bulletin of the AMNH. 80 (10): 349–389. hdl:2246/383.
  26. ^ a b Wood, Horace Elmer (July 25, 1963). "A primitive rhinoceros from the late Eocene of Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (2146): 1–11. hdl:2246/3390.
  27. ^ a b Wall, William P.; Manning, Earl (1986). "Rostriamynodon grangeri n. gen., n. sp. of Amynodontid (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotoidea) with Comments on the Phylogenetic History of Eocene Amynodontidae". Journal of Paleontology. 60 (4): 911–919. doi:10.1017/S0022336000043079. ISSN 0022-3360. JSTOR 1305081. S2CID 59363111.
  28. ^ a b Ni, Xijun; Meng, Jin; Beard, K. Christopher; Gebo, Daniel L.; Wang, Yuanqing; Li, Chuankui (2010-01-22). "A new tarkadectine primate from the Eocene of Inner Mongolia, China: phylogenetic and biogeographic implications". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 277 (1679): 247–256. doi:10.1098/rspb.2009.0173. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 2842661. PMID 19386655.
  29. ^ a b c d e f g h Wetmore, Alexander (1934). "Fossil birds from Mongolia and China". American Museum Novitates (711): 1–16. hdl:2246/2095.
  30. ^ "Division of Paleontology". research.amnh.org. Retrieved 2023-02-05.
  31. ^ a b Olson, S. (1974). "Telecrex Restudied: A Small Eocene Guineafowl". The Wilson Journal of Ornithology. 86 (3): 246–250. S2CID 73581614.
  32. ^ a b Mook, Charles Craig (1940). "A new fossil crocodilian from Mongolia". American Museum Novitates (1097): 1–3. hdl:2246/2242.
  33. ^ a b Danilov, I. G.; Sukhanov, V. B.; Syromyatnikova, E. V. (2011). "New Asiatic materials on turtles of the family Adocidae with a review of the Adocid record in Asia". Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS. 315 (2): 101–132. doi:10.31610/trudyzin/2011.315.2.101. S2CID 55392207.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Gilmore, Charles W. (1931). "Fossil turtles of Mongolia". Bulletin of the AMNH. 59 (4). hdl:2246/345.
  35. ^ a b c Stucky, Richard K. (1982). "Early Fossil Catfish from Mongolia". Copeia. 1982 (2): 465–467. doi:10.2307/1444634. ISSN 0045-8511. JSTOR 1444634.
  36. ^ Hussakof, Louis; Granger, Walter (1932). "The fossil fishes collected by the Central Asiatic Expeditions". American Museum Novitates (553). hdl:2246/3001.
 

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January 01, 1970
irdin, manha, formation, geological, formation, from, eocene, located, inner, mongolia, china, kilometres, south, mongolian, border, stratigraphic, range, eocenetypegeological, formationlocationcoordinates43, 0regioninner, mongoliacountry, chinaapproximate, pa. The Irdin Manha Formation is a geological formation from the Eocene located in Inner Mongolia China a few kilometres south of the Mongolian border 1 Irdin Manha FormationStratigraphic range EoceneTypeGeological formationLocationCoordinates43 42 N 112 00 E 43 7 N 112 0 E 43 7 112 0RegionInner MongoliaCountry ChinaApproximate paleocoordinates45 12 N 105 42 E 45 2 N 105 7 E 45 2 105 7Irdin Manha Formation China Contents 1 Fossil content 1 1 Mammals 1 1 1 Artiodactyls 1 1 2 Cimolestans 1 1 3 Dinoceratans 1 1 4 Ferae 1 1 5 Glires 1 1 6 Mesonychians 1 1 7 Perissodactyls 1 1 8 Primates 1 2 Reptiles 1 2 1 Birds 1 2 2 Crocodilians 1 2 3 Testudines 1 3 Fish 2 See also 3 ReferencesFossil content editColor key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text crossed out taxa are discredited Mammals edit U S paleontologists Henry Fairfield Osborn and Roy C Andrews discovered two premolars on the site in 1923 and assigned the specimen to the new genus Eudinoceras because he believed it to be related to Dinoceras now known as Uintatherium Within a decade however as more complete specimens were recovered the animal was identified as a Mongolian relative to the North American pantodont Coryphodon The expedition also lead to the discovery of the only known skull of Andrewsarchus 2 Artiodactyls edit Artiodactyls reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Achaenodontidae An incomplete upper tooth AMNH 20136 3 Doubtfully assigned to the family Cf Archaeomeryx gen indet Fragment of lower jaw AMNH 20173 3 A traguliform Andrewsarchus A mongoliensis Around Telegraph Line Camp 4 A large skull 5 A relative of entelodonts formerly thought to be a mesonychid nbsp nbsp Erlianhyus E primitivus Irdin Manha Erlian Basin Nei Mongol 6 A right upper maxilla with P3 M3 IVPP V 28275 6 A basal artiodactyl Gobiohyus G orientalis Telegraph Line Camp 7 Jaw elements 3 7 A helohyid also found in the Ulan Shireh Formation G pressidens Telegraph Line Camp 7 Partial right rami 3 7 A helohyid G robustus Telegraph Line Camp 7 Left ramus AMNH 20246 3 7 A helohyid Obotherium O parvum Irdin Manha Erlian Basin Nei Mongol 8 Teeth and lower jaws 8 A tapirulid Cimolestans edit Cimolestans reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Eudinoceras E mongoliensis 2 premolars amp jaw elements 2 3 9 A coryphodontid Dinoceratans edit Dinoceratans reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Gobiatherium G mirificum 25 miles southwest from Iren Dabasu 2 Skull jaws amp limb elements 2 An uintatheriid nbsp Ferae edit Ferae reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Miacis M invictus Isolated upper molar AMNH 20137 3 A miacid nbsp Propterodon P irdinensis Jaw fragments 3 A hyaenodontid Sarkastodon S mongoliensis About 25 miles southwest of Iren Dabasu 10 Skull amp jaws 10 An oxyaenid nbsp Glires edit Glires reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Advenimus A burkei Near Camp Margetts 11 Jaw elements 11 A ctenodactyloid rodent Asiomys A dawsoni Huheboerhe 12 Fragment of right calcaneus IVPP V24417 12 An ischyromyid rodent Erenlagus E anielae Huheboerhe 13 Teeth 13 A stem lagomorph Gomphos G shevyrevae Huheboerhe escarpment 14 Teeth amp foot elements 14 A mimotonid Ischyromyidae genus indet Species A Irdin Manha escarpment 12 Right calcaneus IVPP V24416 12 Relatively large ischyromyid rodent calcaneus comparable in size to that of a coypu or Asiatic brush tailed porcupine 12 Species B Daoteyin Obo 12 Right calcaneus IVPP V24418 12 Large ischyromyid rodent with calcaneus matching in length that of a coypu amp similar in structure to that of Paramys 12 Mimolagus M aurorae Irdin Manha escarpment 15 Teeth amp foot elements 15 A large mimotonid Pappocricetodon P neimongolensis Huheboerhe 16 Teeth 16 A cricetid rodent P cf P zhongtiaensis Huheboerhe 16 A left molar 16 A cricetid rodent P sp Huheboerhe 16 A right molar 16 A cricetid rodent Paramyidae Paramyid spp Teeth amp jaws 11 3 sizes of paramyid rodents possibly different species Paramyid sp Left jaw AMNH 80801 11 Possible small paramyid rodent Simplicimys S bellus Huheboerhe 17 Teeth 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent also known from the Arshanto Formation Strenulagus S solaris Irdin Manha and Huheboerhe localities 18 Isolated cheek teeth fragmentary upper incisors dI2 and postcranial elements 18 A stem lagomorph also known from the Khaychin Formation Tamquammys T fractus Huheboerhe 17 Right maxilla V17798 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent T wilsoni Teeth 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent also known from the Arshanto amp Nomogen formations Yongshengomys Y extensus Huheboerhe 17 Teeth 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent Yuomys Y huheboerhensis Huheboerhe 17 Teeth 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent Y sp A Huheboerhe 17 A right molar V17805 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent Y sp B Huheboerhe 17 A right molar V17806 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent Y sp C Huheboerhe 17 A right molar V17807 17 A ctenodactyloid rodent Mesonychians edit Mesonychians reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Hapalodectes H auctus An upper molar or possibly premolar AMNH 20130 3 A hapalodectid H serus Around Telegraph Line Camp 4 Lower cheek tooth AMNH 20172 3 4 A hapalodectid nbsp Harpagolestes H leei Huheboerhe amp Daoteyin Obo 19 Tooth elements 19 A mesonychid Mesonychidae Gen indet AMNH 20132 3 About the size of Harpagolestes uintensis Gen indet Isolated tooth AMNH 20133 3 About the size of Synoplotherium lanius Mongolonyx M dolichognathus 7 miles west of Camp Margetts 4 Jaw elements 4 A large mesonychid Perissodactyls edit Perissodactyls reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Caenolophus C proficiens Lower jaw amp isolated teeth 20 A rhinocerotoid Cooperia C totadentata Telegraph Line Camp 23 miles southeast of Iren Dabasu 21 Front of skull AMNH 20116 21 Generic name preoccupied renamed Forstercooperia Desmatotherium D fissum Upper jaw fragment 20 A helaletid D mongoliense Irdin Manha escarpment Duheminboerhe Huheboerhe amp Chaganboerhe 22 Parts of 10 individuals 20 23 A helaletid also found in the Mergen Formation Forstercooperia F totadentata Telegraph Line Camp 23 miles southeast of Iren Dabasu 21 Front of skull AMNH 20116 21 A paraceratheriid originally named Cooperia nbsp F ulanshirehensis Irdin Manha site 24 Jaw elements 24 A paraceratheriid also known from the Ulan Shireh Formation Gnathotitan G berkeyi Irdin Manha 25 Jaw elements 25 A brontothere nbsp Lophialetes L expeditus Jaw elements 20 A lophialetid L minutus Upper molar 20 A lophialetid Metatelmatherium M cristatum Camp Margetts 25 Skull amp lower jaw AMNH 26411 25 A brontothere M parvum Irdin Manha 25 Fragment of left lower jaw AMNH 20168 25 A brontothere Microtitan M mongoliensis Jaw elements 25 A brontothere Pappaceras P confluens Upper gray clays amp Camp Margetts area 26 Skull amp jaw elements 26 A paraceratheriid Paracolodon P fissus Duheminboerhe amp Daoteyin Obo 22 Skull elements amp teeth 22 A helaletid Protitan P bellus Spring Camp East Mesa Shara Murun region 25 Palatal side of skull AMNH 26104 25 A brontothere P grangeri Skull elements 25 A brontothere P minor Camp Margetts 25 Skull elements 25 A brontothere P obliquidens Irdin Manha 25 Part of left maxilla AMNH 20125 25 A brontothere P robustus Irdin Manha 25 Jaw elements amp teeth 25 A brontothere Protitanotherium P mongoliense Lower jaw amp foot bones AMNH 18653 23 Moved to the genus Rhinotitan 25 nbsp Rhinotitan R mongoliensis Lower jaw amp foot bones AMNH 18653 23 A brontothere originally reported as a species of Protitanotherium nbsp Rostriamynodon R grangeri East of Camp Margetts 27 Complete skull amp mandible AMNH 107635 27 An amynodontid Teleolophus T medius Teeth amp jaws 20 Primates edit Primates reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Tarkops T mckennai Huheboerhe 28 Incomplete left lower jaw IVPP V16424 28 An omomyid Reptiles edit Birds edit Birds reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Buteoninae Chimney Butte 29 Left coracoid AMNH FR 2941 29 Specimen reassigned to Eogrus sp Eogrus E aeola Chimney Butte 29 Right metatarsus AMNH 2936 29 An eogruid E sp Chimney Butte 29 Left coracoid AMNH FR 2941 29 Formerly thought to represent a buteonine now thought to be an eogruid 30 Telecrex T grangeri Chimney Butte Shara Murun region 29 31 An incomplete right femur AMNH 2942 29 31 A guineafowl formerly thought to be a rail Crocodilians edit Crocodilians reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Asiatosuchus A grangeri 25 miles southwest of Iren Dabasu 32 Portions of at least 2 individuals 32 A crocodyloid Testudines edit Testudines reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Adocus A orientalis Telegraph Line Camp 33 34 Anterior half of plastron AMNH 6356 33 34 An adocid Amyda A johnsoni Telegraph Line Camp 34 Two thirds of a carapace AMNH 6357 amp many carapace fragments AMNH 6359 34 A softshell turtle Trionychidae Indeterminate Telegraph Line Camp 34 Several kinds of sculptured fragments AMNH 6360 34 Remains of softshell turtles Fish edit Fish reported from the Irdin Manha Formation Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images Pappichthys P mongoliensis Telegraph Line Camp 35 Vertebrae 36 Specimens now believed to represent Siluriformes Siluriformes Indeterminate Telegraph Line Camp Chahar Province 35 5 vertebrae AMNH 8535 35 A catfish likely related to ictalurids Formerly assigned to Pappichthys mongoliensis See also editList of fossil sitesReferences edit Irdin Manha Beds 1930 AMNH Eudinoceras site Eocene of China in the Paleobiology Database Retrieved July 2013 a b c d Osborn Henry Fairfield Granger Walter August 17 1932 Coryphodonts and uintatheres from the Mongolian Expedition of 1930 American Museum Novitates 552 1 16 hdl 2246 3000 a b c d e f g h i j k l Matthew William Diller Granger Walter November 21 1925 New mammals from the Irdin Manha Eocene of Mongolia American Museum Novitates 198 1 10 hdl 2246 3182 a b c d e Szalay Frederick S Gould Stephen Jay 1966 Asiatic Mesonychidae Mammalia Condylarthra Bulletin of the AMNH 132 2 hdl 2246 1112 Osborn H F 11 November 1924 Andrewsarchus giant mesonychid of Mongolia PDF American Museum Novitates 146 American Museum of Natural History Archived from the original on 2 November 2020 a b Li Qian Li Qi 2022 10 03 A new middle Eocene bunodont artiodactyl from the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China Historical Biology 34 10 1941 1949 doi 10 1080 08912963 2021 1989679 ISSN 0891 2963 S2CID 239828310 a b c d e f Coombs Margery C Coombs Walter P 1977 Dentition of Gobiohyus and a Reevaluation of the Helohyidae Artiodactyla Journal of Mammalogy 58 3 291 308 doi 10 2307 1379328 ISSN 0022 2372 JSTOR 1379328 a b Bai Bin Wang Yuan Qing Theodor Jessica M Meng Jin 2023 Small artiodactyls with tapir like teeth from the middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin Inner Mongolia China Frontiers in Earth Science 11 doi 10 3389 feart 2023 1117911 ISSN 2296 6463 Osborn Henry Fairfield Granger Walter Andrews Roy Chapman Matthew William Diller 1931 Coryphodonts of Mongolia Eudinoceras mongoliensis Osborn E kholobolchiensis sp nov American Museum Novitates 459 hdl 2246 3066 a b Granger Walter Garber A Z April 21 1938 A giant oxyaenid from the Upper Eocene of Mongolia American Museum Novitates 969 1 5 hdl 2246 2199 show full a b c d Dawson Mary 1964 Late Eocene rodents Mammalia from Inner Mongolia American Museum Novitates 2191 hdl 2246 3304 a b c d e f g h Fostowicz Frelik Lucja Lopez Torres Sergi Li Qian 2021 06 02 Tarsal morphology of ischyromyid rodents from the middle Eocene of China gives an insight into the group s diversity in Central Asia Scientific Reports 11 1 11543 Bibcode 2021NatSR 1111543F doi 10 1038 s41598 021 90796 1 ISSN 2045 2322 PMC 8172891 PMID 34078948 a b Fostowicz Frelik Lcja Li Qian 2014 12 31 A new genus of stem lagomorph Mammalia Glires from the Middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 57 1 29 42 doi 10 3409 azc 57 1 2 29 ISSN 0065 1710 a b Meng Jin Kraatz Brian P Wang Yuanqing Ni Xijun Gebo Daniel L Beard K Christopher 2009 11 30 A New Species of Gomphos Glires Mammalia from the Eocene of the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China American Museum Novitates 3670 1 11 doi 10 1206 673 1 ISSN 0003 0082 a b Fostowicz Frelik Lucja Li Chuankui Mao Fangyuan Meng Jin Wang Yuanqing 2015 03 30 A large mimotonid from the Middle Eocene of China sheds light on the evolution of lagomorphs and their kin Scientific Reports 5 1 9394 doi 10 1038 srep09394 ISSN 2045 2322 PMC 4377629 PMID 25818513 a b c d e f Li Qian July 2012 Middle Eocene Cricetids Rodentia Mammalia from The Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China Vertebrata PalAsiatica 50 3 237 244 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Li Qian Meng Jin 2015 New ctenodactyloid rodents from the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China and the phylogenetic relationships of Eocene Asian ctenodactyloids New York NY American Museum of Natural History a b Lucja Fostowicz Freldc Chuankui Li Qian Li Jin Meng Yuanqing Wang March 3 2015 Strenulagus Mammalia Lagomorpha from the Middle Eocene Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China Acta Geologica Sinica English Edition 89 1 12 26 doi 10 1111 1755 6724 12391 S2CID 128886984 a b Jin Xun July 2012 New mesonychid Mammalia material from the lower Paleogene of the Erlian Basin Nei Mongol China Vertebrata PalAsiatica 50 3 245 257 a b c d e f Matthew William Diller Granger Walter November 23 1925 The smaller perissodactyls of the Irdin Manha Formation Eocene of Mongolia American Museum Novitates 199 1 9 hdl 2246 3183 a b c d Wood Horace Elmer December 30 1938 Cooperia totadentata a remarkable rhinoceros from the Eocene of Mongolia American Museum Novitates 1012 1 20 hdl 2246 2209 show full a b c Bai Bin 2017 New material of Eocene Helaletidae Perissodactyla Tapiroidea from the Irdin Manha Formation of the Erlian Basin Inner Mongolia China and comments on related localities of the Huheboerhe area American Museum of Natural History Library New York NY American Museum of Natural History a b c Osborn Henry Fairfield October 17 1923 Titanotheres and lophiodonts in Mongolia American Museum Novitates 91 1 5 hdl 2246 3206 a b Wang Hai bing Wang Hai bing Bai Bin Meng Jin Wang Yuanqing 2018 A new species of Forstercooperia Perissodactyla Paraceratheriidae from northern China with a systematic revision of forstercooperiines New York NY American Museum of Natural History a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Granger Walter Gregory William K February 4 1943 A revision of the Mongolian titanotheres Bulletin of the AMNH 80 10 349 389 hdl 2246 383 a b Wood Horace Elmer July 25 1963 A primitive rhinoceros from the late Eocene of Mongolia American Museum Novitates 2146 1 11 hdl 2246 3390 a b Wall William P Manning Earl 1986 Rostriamynodon grangeri n gen n sp of Amynodontid Perissodactyla Rhinocerotoidea with Comments on the Phylogenetic History of Eocene Amynodontidae Journal of Paleontology 60 4 911 919 doi 10 1017 S0022336000043079 ISSN 0022 3360 JSTOR 1305081 S2CID 59363111 a b Ni Xijun Meng Jin Beard K Christopher Gebo Daniel L Wang Yuanqing Li Chuankui 2010 01 22 A new tarkadectine primate from the Eocene of Inner Mongolia China phylogenetic and biogeographic implications Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 277 1679 247 256 doi 10 1098 rspb 2009 0173 ISSN 0962 8452 PMC 2842661 PMID 19386655 a b c d e f g h Wetmore Alexander 1934 Fossil birds from Mongolia and China American Museum Novitates 711 1 16 hdl 2246 2095 Division of Paleontology research amnh org Retrieved 2023 02 05 a b Olson S 1974 Telecrex Restudied A Small Eocene Guineafowl The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 86 3 246 250 S2CID 73581614 a b Mook Charles Craig 1940 A new fossil crocodilian from Mongolia American Museum Novitates 1097 1 3 hdl 2246 2242 a b Danilov I G Sukhanov V B Syromyatnikova E V 2011 New Asiatic materials on turtles of the family Adocidae with a review of the Adocid record in Asia Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS 315 2 101 132 doi 10 31610 trudyzin 2011 315 2 101 S2CID 55392207 a b c d e f Gilmore Charles W 1931 Fossil turtles of Mongolia Bulletin of the AMNH 59 4 hdl 2246 345 a b c Stucky Richard K 1982 Early Fossil Catfish from Mongolia Copeia 1982 2 465 467 doi 10 2307 1444634 ISSN 0045 8511 JSTOR 1444634 Hussakof Louis Granger Walter 1932 The fossil fishes collected by the Central Asiatic Expeditions American Museum Novitates 553 hdl 2246 3001 nbsp This article about a specific stratigraphic formation in the People s Republic of China is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved 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