In Finnish, the instructive case is used to indicate means, manner, instrument, location, or time. It is almost exclusively used in fixed expressions, such as in omin silmin 'with one's own eyes'.[1] However, the instructive is productive for infinitive verbal constructions to indicate manner, as in nauraen 'laughing': He astuivat nauraen sisään 'They stepped in through the door laughing'.[2]
In modern Finnish, many of its instrumental uses are being superseded by the adessive case, as in minä matkustin junalla 'I travelled by train'.[citation needed]
The instructive case is only marginally present in Estonian in lexicalized expressions. Language reformers of the 20th century did try to revive it, but with little success.[3]
Turkishedit
In Turkish, the suffix -le is used for this purpose; for example, Trenle geldim 'I came via train'.[citation needed]
Anhava, Jaakko (2015). "Criteria For Case Forms in Finnish and Hungarian Grammars". Studia Orientalia Electronica. Helsinki. 108.
Karlsson, Fred (2018). Finnish - A Comprehensive Grammar. London and New York: Routledge. ISBN978-1-138-82104-0.
Metslang, Helle (2017). "10. Can a language be forced? The case of Estonian". In Van Olmen, Daniel; Cuyckens, Hubert; Ghesquière, Lobke (eds.). Aspects of Grammaticalization: (Inter)Subjectification and Directionality. Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs. Vol. 305. De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 281–310. doi:10.1515/9783110492347-011. ISBN9783110489699. ISSN 1861-4302.
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instructive, case, look, instructive, wiktionary, free, dictionary, grammar, instructive, case, grammatical, case, used, finnish, estonian, turkic, languages, contents, uralic, languages, turkish, notes, referencesuralic, languages, editin, finnish, instructiv. Look up instructive in Wiktionary the free dictionary In grammar the instructive case is a grammatical case used in Finnish Estonian and the Turkic languages Contents 1 Uralic languages 2 Turkish 3 Notes 4 ReferencesUralic languages editIn Finnish the instructive case is used to indicate means manner instrument location or time It is almost exclusively used in fixed expressions such as in omin silmin with one s own eyes 1 However the instructive is productive for infinitive verbal constructions to indicate manner as in nauraen laughing He astuivat nauraen sisaan They stepped in through the door laughing 2 In modern Finnish many of its instrumental uses are being superseded by the adessive case as in mina matkustin junalla I travelled by train citation needed The instructive case is only marginally present in Estonian in lexicalized expressions Language reformers of the 20th century did try to revive it but with little success 3 Turkish editIn Turkish the suffix le is used for this purpose for example Trenle geldim I came via train citation needed Notes edit Karlsson 2018 p 264 Karlsson 2018 p 265 353 Metslang 2017 p 302 References editAnhava Jaakko 2015 Criteria For Case Forms in Finnish and Hungarian Grammars Studia Orientalia Electronica Helsinki 108 Karlsson Fred 2018 Finnish A Comprehensive Grammar London and New York Routledge ISBN 978 1 138 82104 0 Metslang Helle 2017 10 Can a language be forced The case of Estonian In Van Olmen Daniel Cuyckens Hubert Ghesquiere Lobke eds Aspects of Grammaticalization Inter Subjectification and Directionality Trends in Linguistics Studies and Monographs Vol 305 De Gruyter Mouton pp 281 310 doi 10 1515 9783110492347 011 ISBN 9783110489699 ISSN 1861 4302 nbsp This grammar related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Instructive case amp oldid 1190225906, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
