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Imam Quli Khan (Safavid governor)

Imam-Quli Khan (Persian: امام‌قلی خان, romanizedEmāmqolī Khān; died 1632) was an Iranian military and political leader of Georgian origin who served as a governor of Fars, Lar and Bahrain for the shahs Abbas I and Safi.

Imam Quli Khan
An Indian portrait of Imam Quli Khan, made in Hyderabad, dated 1760-80
Governor of Fars
In office
1613–1632
MonarchsAbbas I, Safi
Preceded byAllahverdi Khan
Succeeded byUnknown
Personal details
Died1632
Parent
RelativesDaud Khan (brother), Safiqoli Khan (son), Jafarqoli Khan (grandson), Abd-ol-Ghaffar Amilakhori (son-in-law)
ClanUndiladze
Military service
Allegiance Safavid Iran
Battles/warsCapture of Cambarão
Anglo-Persian capture of Qeshm
Anglo-Persian capture of Hormuz

Biography edit

Imam-Quli Khan was the son of Allahverdi Khan (Undiladze), the celebrated Georgian general in the service of Iran’s Safavid dynasty. Imam-Quli Khan is first mentioned as governor of Lar in Fars in 1610. He succeeded his father as governor-general (beglarbeg) of Fars in 1613, but retained his position at Lar and was granted the rank of an amir of the divan by Shah Abbas I. In 1619-20, Imam-Quli Khan oversaw Abbas’s project to link the headwaters of the Karun and Zayandarud rivers in order to enhance the water supply of his capital, Isfahan. Shah Abbas placed complete trust in Imam-Quli Khan who grew in influence and prestige and became one of the wealthiest khans of the Safavid empire. One day, Shah Abbas even jokingly said to Imam-Quli: "I request, Imam-Quli, that you will spend one dirham less per day, that there may exist some slight difference between the disbursements of a khan and a king!"[1]

Imam-Quli built a madrasa and many palaces in Shiraz and the still standing bridge Pol-e Khan over the Kor at Marvdasht.[1][2]

Being in charge of the Safavids' southern possessions, Imam-Quli Khan continued his father’s policy of undermining the Portuguese positions in the Persian Gulf. In 1621, he persuaded the English East India Company to cooperate with the Persians by threatening to cancel the trading privileges that had been granted to the company by the shah in 1615. As a result, Imam-Quli Khan’s army aided by the English navy captured the strategic Portuguese fort on the island of Qeshm and laid a siege to Hormuz, which surrendered after a defence of ten weeks on 22 April 1622. The khan’s military exploits are commemorated in the works by the poet Qadri from Fars.[3]

According to the Safavid historian Fazli Khuzani, Imam-Quli Khan had 22 daughters, of which some were married to Safavid Georgian gholams of noble origin in 1622.[4] In 1626, when Imam-Quli's daughter and son-in-law Anduqapar Amilakhori were captured by rebellious Georgians, Abbas I sent a large army in order to rescue them.[5]

Fall and death edit

 
Imam Quli Khan's death mourned by his family. (Inscription "azīz-i mīr" over his favourite wife.). From a Jarūnnāmeh by Qadrī. Isfahan style, dated 1697

After the death of Abbas, Imam-Quli Khan found himself in disagreement with new favorites of Shah Safi, Abbas’s successor to the throne of Persia, and became marginalized. This circumstance lasted until he and his two sons, one of them being Safiqoli Khan, were put to death at Safi's orders in late 1632,[6] while his vast possessions were converted into the crown domain in 1633.[1] This formed the prelude to the massacre of the rest of his family.[6] Only his brother, Daud Khan, survived as he had fled to Georgia. Though the Undiladze Safavid Georgian line was nearly completely eliminated after the purge, the succession of the line amongst the court elites was assured by Ja'far Qoli, a grandson of Imam-Quli Khan by a daughter.[7] A statue to Imam-Quli Khan was erected in Qeshm in the 1990s.[8]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Roger M. Savory, Emāmqolī Khan. Encyclopædia Iranica Online Edition. Accessed on September 20, 2007.
  2. ^ Andrew J. Newman (2006), Safavid Iran: Rebirth of a Persian Empire, p. 65. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 1-86064-667-0
  3. ^ Sussan Babaie (2004), Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran, p. 120. I.B.Tauris, ISBN 1-86064-721-9
  4. ^ Hirotake, Maeda (2003). "On the Ethno-Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran". Studia Iranica. 32: 265–266.
  5. ^ Hirotake, Maeda (2003). "On the Ethno-Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran". Studia Iranica. 32: 263–264.
  6. ^ a b Matthee 2012, p. 38.
  7. ^ Hirotake, Maeda (2003). "On the Ethno-Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran". Studia Iranica. 32: 262.
  8. ^ "Iran: Qeshm islanders await a second invasion". MEED 5 July 1996

Sources edit

imam, quli, khan, safavid, governor, other, people, named, imam, quli, khan, imam, quli, khan, disambiguation, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, persian, april, 2017, click, show, important, translation, instruc. For other people named Imam Quli Khan see Imam Quli Khan disambiguation You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Persian April 2017 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Persian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 291 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Persian Wikipedia article at fa امام قلی خان see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fa امام قلی خان to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Imam Quli Khan Persian امام قلی خان romanized Emamqoli Khan died 1632 was an Iranian military and political leader of Georgian origin who served as a governor of Fars Lar and Bahrain for the shahs Abbas I and Safi Imam Quli KhanAn Indian portrait of Imam Quli Khan made in Hyderabad dated 1760 80Governor of FarsIn office 1613 1632MonarchsAbbas I SafiPreceded byAllahverdi KhanSucceeded byUnknownPersonal detailsDied1632ParentAllahverdi Khan father RelativesDaud Khan brother Safiqoli Khan son Jafarqoli Khan grandson Abd ol Ghaffar Amilakhori son in law ClanUndiladzeMilitary serviceAllegianceSafavid IranBattles warsCapture of CambaraoAnglo Persian capture of QeshmAnglo Persian capture of Hormuz Contents 1 Biography 2 Fall and death 3 References 4 SourcesBiography editImam Quli Khan was the son of Allahverdi Khan Undiladze the celebrated Georgian general in the service of Iran s Safavid dynasty Imam Quli Khan is first mentioned as governor of Lar in Fars in 1610 He succeeded his father as governor general beglarbeg of Fars in 1613 but retained his position at Lar and was granted the rank of an amir of the divan by Shah Abbas I In 1619 20 Imam Quli Khan oversaw Abbas s project to link the headwaters of the Karun and Zayandarud rivers in order to enhance the water supply of his capital Isfahan Shah Abbas placed complete trust in Imam Quli Khan who grew in influence and prestige and became one of the wealthiest khans of the Safavid empire One day Shah Abbas even jokingly said to Imam Quli I request Imam Quli that you will spend one dirham less per day that there may exist some slight difference between the disbursements of a khan and a king 1 Imam Quli built a madrasa and many palaces in Shiraz and the still standing bridge Pol e Khan over the Kor at Marvdasht 1 2 Being in charge of the Safavids southern possessions Imam Quli Khan continued his father s policy of undermining the Portuguese positions in the Persian Gulf In 1621 he persuaded the English East India Company to cooperate with the Persians by threatening to cancel the trading privileges that had been granted to the company by the shah in 1615 As a result Imam Quli Khan s army aided by the English navy captured the strategic Portuguese fort on the island of Qeshm and laid a siege to Hormuz which surrendered after a defence of ten weeks on 22 April 1622 The khan s military exploits are commemorated in the works by the poet Qadri from Fars 3 According to the Safavid historian Fazli Khuzani Imam Quli Khan had 22 daughters of which some were married to Safavid Georgian gholams of noble origin in 1622 4 In 1626 when Imam Quli s daughter and son in law Anduqapar Amilakhori were captured by rebellious Georgians Abbas I sent a large army in order to rescue them 5 Fall and death edit nbsp Imam Quli Khan s death mourned by his family Inscription aziz i mir over his favourite wife From a Jarunnameh by Qadri Isfahan style dated 1697 After the death of Abbas Imam Quli Khan found himself in disagreement with new favorites of Shah Safi Abbas s successor to the throne of Persia and became marginalized This circumstance lasted until he and his two sons one of them being Safiqoli Khan were put to death at Safi s orders in late 1632 6 while his vast possessions were converted into the crown domain in 1633 1 This formed the prelude to the massacre of the rest of his family 6 Only his brother Daud Khan survived as he had fled to Georgia Though the Undiladze Safavid Georgian line was nearly completely eliminated after the purge the succession of the line amongst the court elites was assured by Ja far Qoli a grandson of Imam Quli Khan by a daughter 7 A statue to Imam Quli Khan was erected in Qeshm in the 1990s 8 References edit a b c Roger M Savory Emamqoli Khan Encyclopaedia Iranica Online Edition Accessed on September 20 2007 Andrew J Newman 2006 Safavid Iran Rebirth of a Persian Empire p 65 I B Tauris ISBN 1 86064 667 0 Sussan Babaie 2004 Slaves of the Shah New Elites of Safavid Iran p 120 I B Tauris ISBN 1 86064 721 9 Hirotake Maeda 2003 On the Ethno Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran Studia Iranica 32 265 266 Hirotake Maeda 2003 On the Ethno Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran Studia Iranica 32 263 264 a b Matthee 2012 p 38 Hirotake Maeda 2003 On the Ethno Social Backgrounds of the Four Gholam Families from Georgia in Safavid Iran Studia Iranica 32 262 Iran Qeshm islanders await a second invasion MEED 5 July 1996Sources edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Emamqoli khan Matthee Rudi 2012 Persia in Crisis Safavid Decline and the Fall of Isfahan I B Tauris ISBN 978 1845117450 Roger M Savory EMAMQOLi KHAN Encyclopaedia Iranica Online Edition LINK Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Imam Quli Khan Safavid governor amp oldid 1202334591, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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