Ibrahim Mohamed Solih
Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (Dhivehi: އިބްރާހީމް މުޙައްމަދު ޞާލިޙް; born 1 March 1962),[1] commonly known as Ibu (Dhivehi: އިބޫ),[2] is a Maldivian politician[3] who served as president of the Maldives from 2018 to 2023.
Ibrahim Mohamed Solih | |
|---|---|
އިބްރާހީމް މުޙައްމަދު ޞާލިޙް | |
Official portrait, 2018 | |
| President of the Maldives | |
| In office 17 November 2018 – 17 November 2023 | |
| Vice President | Faisal Naseem |
| Preceded by | Abdulla Yameen |
| Succeeded by | Mohamed Muizzu |
| Member of the People's Majlis | |
| In office 28 May 2009 – 16 November 2018 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency created |
| Succeeded by | Jeehan Mahmood |
| Constituency | Hinnavaru |
| In office 1994 – 27 May 2009 | |
| Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
| Constituency | Lhaviyani Atoll |
| President of the Maldivian Democratic Party | |
| Assumed office 24 November 2023 | |
| Preceded by | Mohamed Nasheed |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 March 1962 Hinnavaru, Maldives |
| Political party | Maldivian Democratic Party (after 2003) |
| Spouse | Fazna Ahmed |
| Children | 2 |
Solih was first elected to the People's Majlis in 1994, aged 30, as the MP from his home atoll of Faadhippolhu. He played a leading role in the formation of the Maldivian Democratic Party[4] and the Maldives political reform fovement from 2003 until 2008, which led to the country adopting a new modern constitution and the establishment of a multi-party democracy for the first time in its history. Solih was also a senior member of parliament[5] and the Special Majlis which wrote the country's constitution. Solih was elected president of Maldives on 23 September 2018 following the 2018 presidential election.[6]
Early and personal life edit
Solih was born in Hinnavaru, Maldives. He moved to Malé at a young age for education, where he has been a resident ever since.[citation needed] He is one of 13 children.[citation needed] Solih completed his secondary education at Majeedhiyya School, Malé.[citation needed] During his school days, he was a popular student and took part in several school activities, which especially applied to sports.[7] He is the first ever president of Maldives who never sought any further education than his secondary education.
He is married to Fazna Ahmed and they have a daughter named Sarah and a son named Yaman.[8]
Solih was one of the closest friends of former president Mohamed Nasheed, who is also the first cousin of Solih's wife Fazna. Solih and Nasheed played an instrumental role in establishing multiparty democracy in the Maldives. After three years into his presidency, the relations between Solih and Nasheed deteriorated due to ideological disputes within their party.[9] Ibrahim Mohamed Solih has been a senior figure in the party and lead the first parliamentary group of the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) in 2009 until he was elected as the president of Maldives in 2018.[7]
Political career edit
Solih has been the parliamentary group leader of the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) since 2011.[10] He has also served as the leader of the joint parliamentary group since the opposition coalition was formed in March 2017.
Solih was selected as the new presidential candidate[11] for the coalition of opposition parties in the 2018 election, when former president Mohamed Nasheed, due to his prior conviction, was not able to contest as a candidate for presidential election.[12]
Solih went on to claim an upset victory over Yameen, winning the election with 58.4% of the vote[13] and receiving nearly 38,500 votes more than his opponent. In the run-up to the election, many foreign observers had asserted that the election could be rigged in Yameen's favor and that he was thus likely to win a second term. However, when the counting of ballots was nearing completion on election night, President Yameen addressed the nation and conceded the election to Solih,[13] this being a few hours after the latter had claimed victory and urged the president for a peaceful transition of power.[14]
The main issue of the campaign has widely been recognized as the question of whether the Maldives should continue to pursue closer relations with the People's Republic of China, as it had under the Yameen presidency, or whether it should instead turn to India and the countries of the Western world (especially the United States), which is a direction more favoured by the MDP-led opposition coalition.[13]
Presidency edit
Solih assumed office on 17 November 2018, following the end of Abdulla Yameen's 5-year term. Solih became the 7th president of the Maldives, and the country's third democratically elected president, following Mohamed Nasheed and Abdulla Yameen, since Nasheed unseated Maumoon Abdul Gayoom in the 2008 election, ending the latter's 30-year long, six-term incumbency. Solih is the first Maldivian president to be born outside the capital of Malé, as well as the second-oldest person to assume the presidency, at the age of 54, with only Mohamed Waheed Hassan being older when taking office.[7]
On 19 November, Solih announced that the Maldives would rejoin the Commonwealth of Nations, a decision recommended by his cabinet, considering that the Maldives was a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations from 1982 to 2016.[15] Solih became a Commonwealth head of government and a Commonwealth head of state when the Maldives returned to the Commonwealth on 1 February 2020.[16]
His government also sought to pursue closer relations with India. This was contrary to former president, Abdulla Yameen pursued closer relations with China, implicating India. Solih reaffirmed the country's previous "India-First Policy" stance in regards to the country's foreign affairs.[17]
In the April 2019 Maldivian parliamentary election, the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) of Solih won in a landslide victory, winning 65 of 87 seats in the parliament. This was the first time a single party was able to get a supermajority in the Maldivian history.[18]
References edit
- ^ "Social media frenzy: When is the President's birthday?". SunOnline International. 1 January 2019. from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ "Who is Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, president-elect of the Maldives?". The Hindu. 24 September 2018. from the original on 9 November 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
- ^ "The race of his life: An introduction to the Maldives' latest presidential hopeful". Maldives Independent. 2 July 2018. from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- ^ "Ibrahim Mohamed Solih – Maldivian Democratic Party". Mdp.org.mv. from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- ^ . Majlis.gov.mv. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
- ^ "Maldives election: Opposition defeats China-backed Abdulla Yameen". BBC News. 24 September 2018. from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ a b c "Ayubowan Ibu! The new President of Maldives for a New Era in Democracy". YourTambapanni. 25 September 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "The race of his life: An introduction to the Maldives' latest presidential hopeful". Maldives Independent. 2 July 2018. from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
- ^ Faaiq, Ali (12 July 2021). "Nasheed announces political separation with President Solih". The Times of Addu. from the original on 10 July 2022. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- ^ "Ibrahim Mohamed Solih". Maldivian Democratic Party. from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ Junayd, Mohamed (30 June 2018). "Maldives opposition selects veteran Ibrahim Solih for Sept presidential poll". Reuters. from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ "MP Ibu declared MDP's Presidential Candidate". The Edition. from the original on 17 November 2023. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ a b c "Maldives election: Opposition defeats China-backed Abdulla Yameen". BBC News. 24 September 2018. from the original on 8 April 2019. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
- ^ "Maldives election: Ibrahim Mohamed Solih claims victory". BBC News. 23 September 2018. from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
- ^ "Maldives to participate in the Commonwealth again". The President's Office. 19 November 2018. from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
- ^ "Maldives becomes 54th member of Commonwealth family". The Commonwealth. 1 February 2020. from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- ^ Rajagopalan, Rajeswari (28 September 2018). "Maldives Shock Election: China's Loss and India's Win?". The Diplomat. from the original on 1 December 2020. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
- ^ "Majlis 19: An overview in numbers". Avas. 11 April 2019. from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2021.