Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām ibn Ayyūb al-Ḥimyarī al-Muʿāfirī al-Baṣrī (Arabic: أبو محمد عبدالملك بن هشام ابن أيوب الحميري المعافري البصري; died 7 May 833),[1] or Ibn Hisham, was a 9th-century Muslim historian and scholar who is known for editing the biography of Islamic prophet Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq.[2] He grew up in Basra, in modern-day Iraq and later moved to Egypt.
Ibn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt.[3] His family was native to Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo.[4] He gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history in Egypt. His family was of Himyarite origin and belongs to Banu Ma‘afir tribe of Yemen.[1][5]
As-Sīrah an-Nabawiyyah (السيرة النبوية), 'The Life of the Prophet'; is an edited recension of Ibn Isḥāq's classic Sīratu Rasūli l-Lāh (سيرة رسول الله) 'The Life of God's Messenger'.[6][7][8] Ibn Isḥāq's now lost work survives only in Ibn Hishām's and al-Tabari's recensions, although fragments of several others survive,[9] and Ibn Hishām and al-Tabarī share virtually the same material.[9]
PERF No. 665: The earliest extant manuscript of The Sirah Of Prophet Muḥammad by Ibn Hishām. This manuscript is believed to be transmitted by students of Ibn Hishām (d. 218 AH /834 CE), perhaps soon after his death.[10][11]
Ibn Hishām explains in the preface of the work, the criteria by which he made his choice from the original work of Ibn Isḥāq in the tradition of his disciple Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi (d. 799). Accordingly, Ibn Hishām omits stories from Al-Sīrah that contain no mention of Muḥammad,[12] certain poems, traditions whose accuracy Ziyād al-Baqqāʾi [n 1] could not confirm, and offensive passages that could offend the reader.[12][13][14] Al-Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses including an apocryphal story about Muḥammad's attempted suicide.[15][16] Ibn Hishām gives more accurate versions of the poems he includes and supplies explanations of difficult terms and phrases of the Arabic language, additions of genealogical content to certain proper names, and brief descriptions of the places mentioned in Al-Sīrah. Ibn Hishām appends his notes to the corresponding passages of the original text with the words: "qāla Ibn Hishām" (Ibn Hishām says).[12]
Translations and editionsedit
Later Ibn Hishām's As-Sira would chiefly be transmitted by his pupil, Ibn al-Barqī.[12] This treatment of Ibn Ishāq's work was circulated to scholars in Cordoba in Islamic Spain by around 864. The first printed edition was published in Arabic by the German orientalist Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, in Göttingen (1858-1860). The Life of Moḥammad According to Moḥammed b. Ishāq, ed. 'Abd al-Malik b. Hisham. Gustav Weil (Stuttgart 1864) was the first published translation.
In the 20th century the book has been printed several times in the Middle East.[17][18] The German orientalist Gernot Rotter produced an abridged (about one third) German translation of The life of the Prophet. As-Sīra An-Nabawīya. (Spohr, Kandern in the Black Forest 1999). An English translation by the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume: The Life of Muhammad. A translation of Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah. (1955); 11th edition. (Oxford University Press, Karachi 1996).
Published editionsedit
Englishedit
Al falah foundation. Cairo, Egypt. online link
Arabicedit
online link
Other worksedit
Kitab al-Tijan li ma'rifati muluk al-zamān fi akhbar Qahtān (كتاب التيجان لمعرفة ملوك الزمان في أخبار قحطان) 'The Book of Crowns, on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtān' (in Arabic); a genealogical work with historico-legendary accounts of the southern Arabs and their monuments in pre-Islamic times.[19][20]
^Mustafa al-Suqa, Ibrahim al-Abyari and Abdul-Hafidh Shalabi, Tahqiq Sirah an-Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham, ed.: Dar Ihya al-Turath, pp. 23-4.
^Muir, William (1861). The Life of Mahomet: With Introductory Chapters on the Original Sources for the Biography of Mahomet, and on the Pre-Islamite History of Arabia. Vol. 1. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. xciv.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Mustafa al-Suqa, Ibrahim al-Abyari and Abdul-Hafidh Shalabi. Tahqiq Sirah an-Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham(PDF) (in Arabic). pp. 44–45–46.
^Mahmood ul-Hasan, Ibn Al-At̲h̲ir: An Arab Historian : a Critical Analysis of His Tarikh-al-kamil and Tarikh-al-atabeca, pg. 71. New Delhi: Northern Book Center, 2005. ISBN9788172111540
^Antonie Wessels, A Modern Arabic Biography of Muḥammad: A Critical Study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn, pg. 1. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1972.
^ abDonner, Fred McGraw (1998). Narratives of Islamic origins: the beginnings of Islamic historical writing. Darwin Press. p. 132. ISBN978-0-87850-127-4. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
^"PERF No. 665: The Earliest Extant Manuscript Of The Sirah Of Prophet Muhammad By Ibn Hisham". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 27 June 2022.
^N. Abbott, Studies In Arabic Literary Papyri: Historical Texts, 1957, Volume I, University of Chicago Press: Chicago (USA), p. 61.
^Holland, Tom (2012). In the Shadow of the Sword. Doubleday. p. 42. ISBN9780385531368.
^Newby, Gordon Darnell; Ibn Isḥāq, Muḥammad (1989). The Making of the Last Prophet: A Reconstruction of the Earliest Biography of Muhammad. University of South Carolina Press. p. 9.
^Raven, Wim, Sīra and the Qurʾān – Ibn Isḥāq and his editors, Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an. Ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe. Vol. 5. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006. p. 29-51.
^Cf., Ibn Ishaq (Guillaume's reconstruction, at pp. 165-167) and al-Tabari (SUNY edition, at VI: 107-112).
^Sezgin, Fuat (1967). Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill.
hisham, grammarian, ansari, abū, muḥammad, ʿabd, malik, hishām, ayyūb, Ḥimyarī, muʿāfirī, baṣrī, arabic, أبو, محمد, عبدالملك, بن, هشام, ابن, أيوب, الحميري, المعافري, البصري, died, century, muslim, historian, scholar, known, editing, biography, islamic, prophet. For the grammarian see Ibn Hisham al Ansari Abu Muḥammad ʿAbd al Malik ibn Hisham ibn Ayyub al Ḥimyari al Muʿafiri al Baṣri Arabic أبو محمد عبدالملك بن هشام ابن أيوب الحميري المعافري البصري died 7 May 833 1 or Ibn Hisham was a 9th century Muslim historian and scholar who is known for editing the biography of Islamic prophet Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq 2 He grew up in Basra in modern day Iraq and later moved to Egypt Abu Muhammad Abd al Malik ibn HishamTitleIbn HishamPersonalDied7 May 833 13 Rabiʿ II 218ReligionIslamEraIslamic golden age Abbasid era RegionBasra and EgyptMain interest s Prophetic biographyNotable work s The Life of the ProphetMuslim leaderInfluenced by Ibn Ishaq Contents 1 Life 2 Biography of Muḥammad 2 1 Translations and editions 3 Published editions 3 1 English 3 2 Arabic 4 Other works 4 1 See also 4 2 Notes 4 3 References 4 4 External linksLife editIbn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt 3 His family was native to Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo 4 He gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history in Egypt His family was of Himyarite origin and belongs to Banu Ma afir tribe of Yemen 1 5 Biography of Muḥammad editMain article Al Sirah al Nabawiyyah Ibn Hisham As Sirah an Nabawiyyah السيرة النبوية The Life of the Prophet is an edited recension of Ibn Isḥaq s classic Siratu Rasuli l Lah سيرة رسول الله The Life of God s Messenger 6 7 8 Ibn Isḥaq s now lost work survives only in Ibn Hisham s and al Tabari s recensions although fragments of several others survive 9 and Ibn Hisham and al Tabari share virtually the same material 9 nbsp nbsp PERF No 665 The earliest extant manuscript of The Sirah Of Prophet Muḥammad by Ibn Hisham This manuscript is believed to be transmitted by students of Ibn Hisham d 218 AH 834 CE perhaps soon after his death 10 11 Ibn Hisham explains in the preface of the work the criteria by which he made his choice from the original work of Ibn Isḥaq in the tradition of his disciple Ziyad al Baqqaʾi d 799 Accordingly Ibn Hisham omits stories from Al Sirah that contain no mention of Muḥammad 12 certain poems traditions whose accuracy Ziyad al Baqqaʾi n 1 could not confirm and offensive passages that could offend the reader 12 13 14 Al Tabari includes controversial episodes of the Satanic Verses including an apocryphal story about Muḥammad s attempted suicide 15 16 Ibn Hisham gives more accurate versions of the poems he includes and supplies explanations of difficult terms and phrases of the Arabic language additions of genealogical content to certain proper names and brief descriptions of the places mentioned in Al Sirah Ibn Hisham appends his notes to the corresponding passages of the original text with the words qala Ibn Hisham Ibn Hisham says 12 Translations and editions edit Later Ibn Hisham s As Sira would chiefly be transmitted by his pupil Ibn al Barqi 12 This treatment of Ibn Ishaq s work was circulated to scholars in Cordoba in Islamic Spain by around 864 The first printed edition was published in Arabic by the German orientalist Ferdinand Wustenfeld in Gottingen 1858 1860 The Life of Moḥammad According to Moḥammed b Ishaq ed Abd al Malik b Hisham Gustav Weil Stuttgart 1864 was the first published translation In the 20th century the book has been printed several times in the Middle East 17 18 The German orientalist Gernot Rotter produced an abridged about one third German translation of The life of the Prophet As Sira An Nabawiya Spohr Kandern in the Black Forest 1999 An English translation by the British orientalist Alfred Guillaume The Life of Muhammad A translation of Ishaq s Sirat Rasul Allah 1955 11th edition Oxford University Press Karachi 1996 Published editions editEnglish edit Al falah foundation Cairo Egypt online linkArabic edit online linkOther works editKitab al Tijan li ma rifati muluk al zaman fi akhbar Qahtan كتاب التيجان لمعرفة ملوك الزمان في أخبار قحطان The Book of Crowns on the kings of yesteryear in the accounts of the Qahtan in Arabic a genealogical work with historico legendary accounts of the southern Arabs and their monuments in pre Islamic times 19 20 See also edit Prophetic biography List of biographies of Muhammad List of Islamic scholarsNotes edit Ziyad al Baqqaʾi d 183 799 lived mostly in Kufa Ibn Hisham s knowledge of Ibn Isḥaq s biography derived from al Baqqaʾi References edit a b Nadwi Muinuddin 1929 Catalogue Of The Arabic And Persian Manuscripts Vol Xv pp 182 183 Kathryn Kueny The Rhetoric of Sobriety Wine in Early Islam pg 59 Albany State University of New York Press 2001 ISBN 9780791490181 Mustafa al Suqa Ibrahim al Abyari and Abdul Hafidh Shalabi Tahqiq Sirah an Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham ed Dar Ihya al Turath pp 23 4 Muir William 1861 The Life of Mahomet With Introductory Chapters on the Original Sources for the Biography of Mahomet and on the Pre Islamite History of Arabia Vol 1 London Smith Elder amp Co p xciv a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Mustafa al Suqa Ibrahim al Abyari and Abdul Hafidh Shalabi Tahqiq Sirah an Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham PDF in Arabic pp 44 45 46 Mahmood ul Hasan Ibn Al At h ir An Arab Historian a Critical Analysis of His Tarikh al kamil and Tarikh al atabeca pg 71 New Delhi Northern Book Center 2005 ISBN 9788172111540 Antonie Wessels A Modern Arabic Biography of Muḥammad A Critical Study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn pg 1 Leiden Brill Publishers 1972 Ira M Lapidus A History of Islamic Societies pg 18 Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2002 ISBN 9780521779333 a b Donner Fred McGraw 1998 Narratives of Islamic origins the beginnings of Islamic historical writing Darwin Press p 132 ISBN 978 0 87850 127 4 Retrieved 28 March 2020 PERF No 665 The Earliest Extant Manuscript Of The Sirah Of Prophet Muhammad By Ibn Hisham www islamic awareness org Retrieved 27 June 2022 N Abbott Studies In Arabic Literary Papyri Historical Texts 1957 Volume I University of Chicago Press Chicago USA p 61 a b c d Montgomery Watt W 1968 Ibn Hisham Encyclopaedia of Islam Vol 3 2nd ed Brill Academic Publishers pp 800 801 ISBN 9004081186 Holland Tom 2012 In the Shadow of the Sword Doubleday p 42 ISBN 9780385531368 Newby Gordon Darnell Ibn Isḥaq Muḥammad 1989 The Making of the Last Prophet A Reconstruction of the Earliest Biography of Muhammad University of South Carolina Press p 9 Raven Wim Sira and the Qurʾan Ibn Isḥaq and his editors Encyclopaedia of the Qur an Ed Jane Dammen McAuliffe Vol 5 Leiden The Netherlands Brill Academic Publishers 2006 p 29 51 Cf Ibn Ishaq Guillaume s reconstruction at pp 165 167 and al Tabari SUNY edition at VI 107 112 Sezgin Fuat 1967 Geschichte des arabischen Schrifttums Vol 1 Leiden Brill Sezgin 1967 p 298 Printed in Hyderabad India 1928 Sezgin 1967 p 299 n 2 External links edit nbsp Arabic Wikisource has original text related to this article Ibn Hisham Biodata from Arees Institute The earliest biography of Muhammad by ibn Ishaq in English Bibliography at Goodreads Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ibn Hisham amp oldid 1185804222, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
