Huỳnh Thúc Kháng
Huỳnh Thúc Kháng (chữ Hán: 黃叔抗; 1 October 1876 – 21 April 1947), courtesy name Giới Sanh, pen name Mính Viên (also written as Minh Viên), also known as Cụ Huỳnh (lit: 'Great-grandfather' Huỳnh), was a Vietnamese anti-colonial activist, statesman and journalist, most notably serving as Acting President of Vietnam and President of the Annamese House of Representatives.
Huỳnh Thúc Kháng | |
|---|---|
| Acting President & Chairman of government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam | |
| In office 29 May 1946 – 21 October 1946 ex officio Acting Prime Minister | |
| Deputised for | Hồ Chí Minh |
| 2nd Minister of Home Affairs | |
| In office 2 March 1946 – 21 April 1947 | |
| Preceded by | Võ Nguyên Giáp |
| Succeeded by | Phan Kế Toại (Acting) |
| 1st President of the House of Representatives of Annam | |
| In office 1926–1928 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Nguyễn Trác |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 1, 1876 Tiên Phước, Quảng Nam, Annam, French Indochina |
| Died | 21 April 1947 (aged 70) Nghĩa Hành, Quảng Ngãi, North Vietnam |
| Political party | Independent |
| Awards | Gold Star Order |
He was born in Tiên Phước District in Quảng Nam Province, the same district from which Phan Chu Trinh hailed. Huỳnh went on to top the imperial examinations in 1900. Along with Phan Chu Trinh and Trần Quý Cáp, Huỳnh led the Duy Tân movement, for which he was imprisoned in Côn Đảo island by the French colonial authority from 1908 to 1919. He was elected to the House of Representatives of the Protectorate of Annam and served as its President from 1926 to 1928. In 1927, he founded the Huế-based Tiếng Dân newspaper, which gained prominence among the Vietnamese intelligentsia at the time but was shut down by the colonial authority in 1943.[1]
Following the August Revolution, he participated in the Việt Minh-led coalition government as an independent and was appointed Minister of Home Affairs on 2 March 1946. From 31 May to 21 October 1946, he was the Acting President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (and ex officio Acting Prime Minister) while Hồ Chí Minh was negotiating in France. In 1946, Huỳnh came back to Quảng Ngãi to lead the fight against the French in the 5th Interzone. Though he died on 21 April 1947 under suspicious circumstances,[2] it was most possibly from a fatal illness he had contracted during his time there and was buried atop the Thiên Ấn mountain, a prominent landmark of Quảng Ngãi.[3]
Works edit
- Thi tù tùng thoại (The collection of Poems in Prison) a collection of poems composed by Huỳnh Thúc Kháng and his comrades in Côn Đảo prison between 1908 and 1921, first published by Tiếng Dân newspaper in 1939.[4]
- Phan Tây Hồ tiên sinh lịch sử (The history of sensei Phan Tây Hồ) published in 1959 by Anh Minh publisher.[5]
Legacy and memory edit
Most cities in modern Vietnam have named major streets after him.[6] In 2013, he was posthumously awarded the Gold Star Order, the highest honor of Vietnam.[7]
References edit
- ^ Hồng, Khanh (2015-06-21). "Tiêng Dân, la voix du peuple sous la colonisation française". Le Courrier du Vietnam (in French). Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ Hoàng Văn Đào Viet Nam Quoc Dan Dang: A Contemporary History 2008 "A longtime afterward, Huỳnh Thúc Kháng came back to Quảng Ngãi to lead the fight against the French in the 5th Interzone; there, he learned in secret of the deception at the Head Office. Huỳnh goggled at this information, but said nothing further. Later, Huỳnh Thúc Kháng died. His death, according to a document by Professor Nguyễn Văn Mùi and Mr. Nguyễn Xuân Chữ, was a suspicious one...."
- ^ Lê, Quốc (2017-12-15). "Vị trí đặc biệt của ngôi mộ cụ Huỳnh Thúc Kháng". Tri Thức & Cuộc Sống. Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ "A mirror of an indomitable patriot". baodanang.vn. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
- ^ "The biography of Phan Tây Hồ sensei". www.thuvienpdf.com. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ^ Vietnam Country Map. Periplus Travel Maps. 2002–2003. ISBN 0-7946-0070-0.
- ^ Tấn, Vũ (2013-04-15). "Truy tặng Huân chương Sao vàng cho cụ Huỳnh Thúc Kháng". Tuổi Trẻ (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-10-10.