Kibō no Tō
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Kibō no Tō (希望の党, Party of Hope) was a conservative political party in Japan founded by Tokyo Governor Yuriko Koike. The party was founded just before the call of the 2017 general election. The party's ideology was mainly Japanese conservatism and nationalism.
Kibō no Tō 希望の党 | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Nariaki Nakayama |
| Secretary-General | Kazunari Inoue |
| Founder | Yuriko Koike |
| Founded |
|
| Dissolved |
|
| Split from | Democratic Party Liberal Democratic Party |
| Merged into | Democratic Party for the People (first iteration) |
| Headquarters | 2-17-10-203 Nagatachō, Chiyoda, Tokyo |
| Ideology |
|
| Political position |
|
| Colors | Green[6] |
| Website | |
| kibounotou | |
^ A: The far-right members who are the main constituents of Second are also the most right-leaning members of First, which has led some to assess that it has been a far-right party from the outset[4]. | |
Kibō no Tō merged with the Democratic Party to form the Democratic Party for the People on 7 May 2018. However, some right-wing populist members decided to form a new party with the same name. In October 2021, the party disbanded a second time.
History edit
In 2016's gubernatorial election, Governor Koike was elected as the Governor with membership of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) even though she was not the official candidate of the party.[note 1] Then, she formed a regional party: Tomin First no Kai, which was founded for the 2017 metropolitan election. The Komeito party supported Governor Koike in the metropolitan council, even though they were part of the coalition government with the LDP at the national level. At this time, the party was described as centre-right.[5]
Then, on 25 September 2017, after Prime Minister Shinzo Abe had called October 2017 general election, Koike announced that she will found a national party called Kibō no Tō based on the Tomin First no Kai.[7] Because Kibō no Tō at the time declared it as a centrist liberal party, the support rate of it was once ranked the second among political parties in Japan briefly after its foundation. The largest opposing party Democratic Party (DP) at the time, troubled by its continuous low support rate since 2012,[8] announced that the party had abandoned plans to contest the 2017 general election because Seiji Maehara, a conservative in DP and the leader of DP at the time, decided to start the merger with Kibō no Tō.[9] The DP caucus in the House of Representatives disbanded, with many of the party's existing representatives contesting the election as candidates for Kibō no Tō.[10] This led to the split on 2 October 2017 of the Constitutional Democratic Party, which consists of left-leaning and liberal DP politicians whom Koike had rejected as Kibō no Tō candidates.[11][12]
It was reported that the Kibō no Tō is tightly connected to some far-right organizations like Ganbare Nippon founded by Satoru Mizushima. Some members of Kibō no Tō, like Nariaki Nakayama, are far-rightist, too.[4] The support rate of Kibō no Tō then dramatically decreased before the election and finally it only won 50 seats, even lower than the newly-founded Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan.
On 10 November 2017, the party held a leadership election to elect a co-leader of the party. Yūichirō Tamaki was elected in the caucus election by a margin of 39 to 14. Koike resigned as party leader on 14 November 2017 as a result of the poor performance in the general election, leaving Tamaki as a sole leader.[13][14]
On 24 April 2018, the leadership of Kibō and the Democratic Party announced in a joint press conference that both parties agreed to merge in May 2018 under the name Democratic Party for the People (DPFP). Several factions in both parties do not plan to join the new party. The members of these factions are expected to form their own splinter party, join other parties or become independents.[15]
Post-DPFP merger reestablishment edit
Prior to the merger, far-right members of Kibō led by Shigefumi Matsuzawa stated that they intended to form a separate party that retains the Kibō no Tō name.[16] The party was formed on 7 May 2018, on the same day with the DPFP merger.[17]
On 5 June 2018, Former Secretary-general Kuniko Koda left the party, so Kibō no Tō lost its legal status as a political party and became a political organization.[citation needed]
On 28 May 2019, Matsuzawa resigned as party leader, and Nariaki Nakayama became the new party leader.
On 10 October 2021, Nakayama, the only member of the Diet, did not run for the next House of Representatives election and indicated his intention to retire from politics.[18][19] On the 18th of the same month, Nakayama officially announced his retirement at a press conference, revealing that the Party of Hope, which he represented, had dissolved on the 1st of the same month.[20]
Presidents of party edit
| No. | Name | Image | Term of office | Election results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Took office | Left office | ||||
| 1 | Yuriko Koike | 25 September 2017 | 14 November 2017 | Unopposed | |
| 2 | Yuichiro Tamaki | 14 November 2017 | 7 May 2018 | ||
| 3 | Shigefumi Matsuzawa | 7 May 2018 | 28 May 2019 | ||
| 4 | Nariaki Nakayama | 28 May 2019 | 1 October 2021 | ||
Election results edit
House of Representatives edit
| Election | Leader | Constituency | Party list | Total | Status | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | ||||
| 2017 | Yuriko Koike | 11,437,602 | 20.64 | 32 / 176 | 9,677,524 | 17.36 | 18 / 289 | 50 / 465 | Opposition |
Footnotes edit
- ^ The official candidate was Hiroya Masuda.
Logos edit
- (2017–2018)
- (2018–2022)
References edit
- ^ a b Sawa, Tamamitsu [in Japanese] (13 November 2017). "Where Koike's new political party lost hope". The Japan Times. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
One look at these three points may give the false impression that Kibo no To pursued liberal-leaning policies. But the rest of its campaign platform was totally conservative, calling for market fundamentalism on economic issues and featuring a nationalistic political agenda. [...] All in all, the party gave the impression of pursuing a right-leaning populism. [...] In short, Kibo no To came off as nothing but a right-wing populist party that looked similar to but was indeed different from the LDP.
- ^ a b Kate Wexler (2020). "The Power of Politics: How Right-Wing Political Parties Shifted Japanese Strategic Culture". International Affairs Program (University of Colorado, Boulder).
- ^ a b "Party of Hope may split into three, with both conservatives and liberals demanding a split". Nikkei. 26 January 2018. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ a b c Yuen, Stacey (2 October 2017). "The main rival to Japan's ruling party is really 'extreme rightist,' analyst says". CNBC. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
- ^ a b Steger, Isabella (19 October 2017). "Everything you should know about Japan's oddly drama-filled elections". Quartz. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
- ^ 日本に定着するか、政党のカラー [Will the colors of political parties settle in Japan?]. 日本経済新聞 (in Japanese). Nikkei, Inc. 21 October 2017. Retrieved 29 May 2020.
- ^ "小池百合子氏「希望の党」結党宣言、国政にも関わる". ニッカンスポーツ・コム. 日刊スポーツ新聞社. 2017-09-25. Retrieved 2017-09-25.
- ^ "Polls show Abe is riding out storm of bad news". Japan Times. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ "Democratic Party effectively disbands; members to join Koike's party". Japan Today. 29 September 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
- ^ Yoshida, Reiji (28 September 2017). "Democratic Party effectively disbands, throwing support behind Koike's party for Lower House poll" – via Japan Times Online.
- ^ Osaki, Tomohiro (2 October 2017). "Former DP heavyweight Yukio Edano seeks to fill void with new liberal-minded party" – via Japan Times Online.
- ^ "Koike's party unveils 1st list of 192 candidates for upcoming election". Japan Today. 4 October 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017.
- ^ "Tokyo Gov. Koike resigns as party leader after election defeat". Kyodo News. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ Harding, Robin (14 November 2017). "Japan's Yuriko Koike resigns as Party of Hope leader". Financial Times. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ^ Jiji Press (25 April 2018). . Yomiuri Shimbun. Archived from the original on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 26 April 2018.
- ^ 松沢新党、「希望の党」党名継承 小池都知事と確認 (in Japanese). TV Asahi. 26 April 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
- ^ (in Japanese). Yomiuri Shimbun. 7 May 2018. Archived from the original on 8 May 2018. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
- ^ 中山成彬氏政界引退へ 衆院選不出馬（宮崎日日新聞
- ^ "『希望の党』とは何だったのか。中山成彬氏引退で解散の見通し". ハフポスト. 2021-10-07. Retrieved 2021-10-07.
- ^ 中山成彬氏 政界引退を正式表明・宮崎県