Epilobium parviflorum, commonly known as the hoary willowherb[1] or smallflower hairy willowherb,[2] is a herbaceousperennial plant of the family Onagraceae.
The genus name derives from the Greek words "epi" meaning "upon" and "lobos" meaning "lobe", with reference to position of the petals above the ovary.[3] The specific Latin name of "parviflorum" means "small flowers".
Descriptionedit
Whole plant
The biological form of Epilobium parviflorum is hemicryptophytescapose,[4] as its overwintering buds are situated just below the soil surface and the floral axis is more or less erect with a few leaves.
Epilobium parviflorum reaches on average 30–80 centimetres (12–31 in) in height.[4] The stem is erect and densely covered with hairs, especially in the lower part. The leaves are opposite, unstalked but not amplexicaul, lanceolate and toothed, rounded at the base, 4–10 centimetres (1.6–3.9 in) long. The tiny flowers are pale pink or pale purple, 6–7 millimetres (0.24–0.28 in) in diameter, with four petals, eight stamens and a 4-lobed stigma. Flowering occurs from June to August in the Northern Hemisphere.[4] The hermaphroditic flowers are either self-fertilized (autogamy) or pollinated by insects (entomogamy).[5] Fruit is a three-to seven-centimeter long capsule containing very small black seeds (about 1 mm long), with white fibres that allow the dispersal by wind. This species is quite similar to Epilobium hirsutum, but the flowers are much smaller.[6]
Distributionedit
This plant occurs in most of Europe, including Britain, from Sweden to Northern Africa and Western Asia up to Kashmir, in United States and Canada.[7][8]
Habitatedit
It prefers marshes and swamps, moist mountain meadows and slopes, at an average altitude of 0–1,400 metres (0–4,593 ft) above sea level,[4] with a maximum of 2,500 metres (8,200 ft).
Medicinal usesedit
Extracts of this plant have been used by traditional medicine in disorders of the prostate gland, bladder and kidney, having an antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect .[9][10][11]Epilobium parviflorum herb has been prescribed internally as tea in the traditional Austrian medicine for treatment of disorders of the prostate, kidneys, and urinary tract.[12] Extracts of Epilobium have been shown to inhibit proliferation of human prostate cells in-vitro by affecting progression of the cell cycle.[13]
^USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Epilobium parviflorum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
^"Definition of EPILOBIUM". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
^ abcdPignatti S. - Flora d'Italia – Edagricole – 1982. Vol. II, pag. 155
^. Archived from the original on 2011-09-25. Retrieved 2011-09-15.
^Hevesi, BT; Houghton, PJ; Habtemariam, S; Kéry, A (May 2009). "Antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect of Epilobium parviflorum Schreb". Phytotherapy Research. 23 (5): 719–724. doi:10.1002/ptr.2725. PMID 19107731. S2CID 5095826.
^V. Steenkamp; M. C. Gouws; M. Gulumian; E. E. Elgorashi; J. van Staden (January 2006). "Studies on antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of herbal remedies used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 103 (1): 71–75. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2005.07.007. PMID 16122891.
^Vogl, S; Picker, P; Mihaly-Bison, J; Fakhrudin, N; Atanasov, AG; Heiss, EH; Wawrosch, C; Reznicek, G; Dirsch, VM; Saukel, J; Kopp, B (2013). "Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicine - An unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs". J Ethnopharmacol. 149 (3): 750–71. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007. PMC3791396. PMID 23770053.
^Vitalone, A; et al. (May 2003). "Extracts of various species of Epilobium inhibit proliferation of human prostate cells". J Pharm Pharmacol. 55 (5): 683–90. doi:10.1211/002235703765344603. PMID 12831512. S2CID 23122229.
West Highland Flora
Tutin, T.G. et al. - Flora Europaea, second edition - 1993
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Epilobium parviflorum.
Wikispecies has information related to Epilobium parviflorum.
Photo Flora
Biolib
January 01, 1970
epilobium, parviflorum, commonly, known, hoary, willowherb, smallflower, hairy, willowherb, herbaceous, perennial, plant, family, onagraceae, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, tracheophytes, clade, angiosperms, clade, eudicots, clade, rosids. Epilobium parviflorum commonly known as the hoary willowherb 1 or smallflower hairy willowherb 2 is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Onagraceae Epilobium parviflorum Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Eudicots Clade Rosids Order Myrtales Family Onagraceae Genus Epilobium Species E parviflorum Binomial name Epilobium parviflorum Schreb Schreb Synonyms Chamaenerion parviflorum Contents 1 Etymology 2 Description 3 Distribution 4 Habitat 5 Medicinal uses 6 References 7 External linksEtymology editThe genus name derives from the Greek words epi meaning upon and lobos meaning lobe with reference to position of the petals above the ovary 3 The specific Latin name of parviflorum means small flowers Description edit nbsp Whole plant The biological form of Epilobium parviflorum is hemicryptophyte scapose 4 as its overwintering buds are situated just below the soil surface and the floral axis is more or less erect with a few leaves Epilobium parviflorum reaches on average 30 80 centimetres 12 31 in in height 4 The stem is erect and densely covered with hairs especially in the lower part The leaves are opposite unstalked but not amplexicaul lanceolate and toothed rounded at the base 4 10 centimetres 1 6 3 9 in long The tiny flowers are pale pink or pale purple 6 7 millimetres 0 24 0 28 in in diameter with four petals eight stamens and a 4 lobed stigma Flowering occurs from June to August in the Northern Hemisphere 4 The hermaphroditic flowers are either self fertilized autogamy or pollinated by insects entomogamy 5 Fruit is a three to seven centimeter long capsule containing very small black seeds about 1 mm long with white fibres that allow the dispersal by wind This species is quite similar to Epilobium hirsutum but the flowers are much smaller 6 Distribution editThis plant occurs in most of Europe including Britain from Sweden to Northern Africa and Western Asia up to Kashmir in United States and Canada 7 8 Habitat editIt prefers marshes and swamps moist mountain meadows and slopes at an average altitude of 0 1 400 metres 0 4 593 ft above sea level 4 with a maximum of 2 500 metres 8 200 ft Medicinal uses editExtracts of this plant have been used by traditional medicine in disorders of the prostate gland bladder and kidney having an antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect 9 10 11 Epilobium parviflorum herb has been prescribed internally as tea in the traditional Austrian medicine for treatment of disorders of the prostate kidneys and urinary tract 12 Extracts of Epilobium have been shown to inhibit proliferation of human prostate cells in vitro by affecting progression of the cell cycle 13 References edit BSBI List 2007 xls Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland Archived from the original xls on 2015 06 26 Retrieved 2014 10 17 USDA NRCS n d Epilobium parviflorum The PLANTS Database plants usda gov Greensboro North Carolina National Plant Data Team Retrieved 18 January 2016 Definition of EPILOBIUM www merriam webster com Retrieved 30 August 2021 a b c d Pignatti S Flora d Italia Edagricole 1982 Vol II pag 155 Pfaf org Flora of Northern Ireland Plants usda Schede di Botanica Natures Method Archived from the original on 2011 09 25 Retrieved 2011 09 15 Hevesi BT Houghton PJ Habtemariam S Kery A May 2009 Antioxidant and antiinflammatory effect of Epilobium parviflorum Schreb Phytotherapy Research 23 5 719 724 doi 10 1002 ptr 2725 PMID 19107731 S2CID 5095826 V Steenkamp M C Gouws M Gulumian E E Elgorashi J van Staden January 2006 Studies on antibacterial anti inflammatory and antioxidant activity of herbal remedies used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis Journal of Ethnopharmacology 103 1 71 75 doi 10 1016 j jep 2005 07 007 PMID 16122891 Vogl S Picker P Mihaly Bison J Fakhrudin N Atanasov AG Heiss EH Wawrosch C Reznicek G Dirsch VM Saukel J Kopp B 2013 Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria s folk medicine An unexplored lore in vitro anti inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs J Ethnopharmacol 149 3 750 71 doi 10 1016 j jep 2013 06 007 PMC 3791396 PMID 23770053 Vitalone A et al May 2003 Extracts of various species of Epilobium inhibit proliferation of human prostate cells J Pharm Pharmacol 55 5 683 90 doi 10 1211 002235703765344603 PMID 12831512 S2CID 23122229 West Highland Flora Epilobium parviflorum Tutin T G et al Flora Europaea second edition 1993External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Epilobium parviflorum nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Epilobium parviflorum Photo Flora Biolib Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Epilobium parviflorum amp oldid 1171113297, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
