Hinterbrühl (German pronunciation: [ˈhintɐˌbʁyːl]i) is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. It is home to the Seegrotte, a system of caves including Europe's largest underground lake. During World War II, a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was opened inside the caverns, producing parts for the He 162Spatz jet fighter.
Hinterbrühl was settled as early as 6,000 years ago.
Like neighboring areas, Hinterbrühl suffered mightily under the two Turkish sieges of 1529 and 1683. Since a majority of the population was killed, the area was inhabited by settlers who moved north from Styria after 1683.
From 1883 to March 31, 1932, Mödling and Hinterbrühl Tram, the first electric streetcar in continental Europe, linked Hinterbrühl to Mödling railway station. Today, only the Bahnplatz remains of this historic achievement.
On August 4, 1943 a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was built in the city. The prisoners there built parts, sub-assemblies and BMW 003turbojet engines for the He 162Spatz (sparrow) jet fighter in a hastily converted underground factory during late autumn and spring 1945. The 162, created for the Emergency Fighter Program and the winner of the Volksjäger ("People's Fighter") aviation design competition, was an extremely lightweight, cheap and fast plane that could be discarded if it suffered any damage. Hinterbrühl was just part of a vast crash production program where dozens of factories of varying sizes would make parts for the jet, then send them to sites like Hinterbrühl for final assembly and transshipment to flight test centers — or even directly to airbases, such was the desperate last-minute nature of the enterprise.
In the last days of the war in 1945, the inmates of other camps had to make a 200 km-long march to the concentration camp Mauthausen in Hinterbrühl. Virtually none of them survived. Fifty-one inmates were killed, even before the march, by gasoline injections or strangled by SS-officers. In 1988 a monument was erected above the Subterranean Lake to honor the 51 victims of this massacre.
The Hinterbrühl Seegrotte (Lake Grotto) is a large underground lake located in Hinterbrühl. This grotto is an important historic site. It used to be open to the public for tours. The grotto is actually an old gypsum mine. By the end of 1800 it was used to make red and white plaster. In 1912 a blast released millions of gallons of water and flooded the lower caverns of the mine, creating the largest underground lake in Europe. In the 1930s a team of cave explorers found the lake and finally managed to open the grotto for the public. The upper (non-flooded) tunnels of the same old mine were reused by Nazi German authorities as an aircraft-manufacturing facility which used forced labor.
HoldrichsmühleEdit
Holdrichsmühle, an old mill, is a hotel in Hinterbrühl that was featured on the 24g Austrian definitive stamp of 1945 (SG936). Holdrichsmühle was a regular subject for postcards from the late 1890s onwards. Many of these cards claim an association with the composer Franz Schubert, and there have been various plaques and internal features in support of these claims. Early postcards claim that Schubert wrote Die schöne Müllerin here, later cards claim that it was Der Lindenbaum (from Winterreise). There is no documentary evidence to support these claims, though there is a claim in Deutsch's Schubert: Memoirs by his friends[4] made by Hermann Rollett in 1897 that he had seen Franz Schubert at Holdrichsmühle around 1825 or 1826, when Rollett was aged seven.
Postcard showing the Höldrichsmühle inn in Hinterbrühl, Lower Austria. The card shows a portrait of the composer Franz Schubert, together with an incipit of Das Wandern, the first song in Schubert's Die schöne Müllerin song cycle. There appears to be no documentary evidence to back up this claim, though there is evidence that Schubert wrote Die schöne Müllerin in hospital in Vienna.
^"Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundesländer - Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
^"Einwohnerzahl 1.1.2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status, Gebietsstand 1.1.2018". Statistics Austria. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
^"Hans Asperger". Who Named It?. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^Otto Erich Deutsch (ed): Schubert: Memoirs by his friends, Macmillan, New York, 1958
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hinterbrühl.
Official Homepage Hinterbrühl
More information on Hinterbrühl
September 04, 2023
hinterbrühl, german, pronunciation, ˈhintɐˌbʁyːl, town, district, mödling, austrian, state, lower, austria, home, seegrotte, system, caves, including, europe, largest, underground, lake, during, world, satellite, camp, mauthausen, concentration, camp, opened, . Hinterbruhl German pronunciation ˈhintɐˌbʁyːl i is a town in the district of Modling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria It is home to the Seegrotte a system of caves including Europe s largest underground lake During World War II a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was opened inside the caverns producing parts for the He 162 Spatz jet fighter HinterbruhlSoutheast view of HinterbruhlCoat of armsHinterbruhlLocation within AustriaCoordinates 48 5 N 16 14 E 48 083 N 16 233 E 48 083 16 233CountryAustriaStateLower AustriaDistrictModlingGovernment MayorErich Moser OVP Area 1 Total16 94 km2 6 54 sq mi Elevation280 m 920 ft Population 2018 01 01 2 Total4 029 Density240 km2 620 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postal code2371 2393Area code02236 02237Websitewww hinterbruehl com Contents 1 History 2 Population 3 Seegrotte 4 Holdrichsmuhle 5 Notable people 6 References 7 External linksHistory EditHinterbruhl was settled as early as 6 000 years ago Like neighboring areas Hinterbruhl suffered mightily under the two Turkish sieges of 1529 and 1683 Since a majority of the population was killed the area was inhabited by settlers who moved north from Styria after 1683 From 1883 to March 31 1932 Modling and Hinterbruhl Tram the first electric streetcar in continental Europe linked Hinterbruhl to Modling railway station Today only the Bahnplatz remains of this historic achievement On August 4 1943 a satellite camp of Mauthausen concentration camp was built in the city The prisoners there built parts sub assemblies and BMW 003 turbojet engines for the He 162 Spatz sparrow jet fighter in a hastily converted underground factory during late autumn and spring 1945 The 162 created for the Emergency Fighter Program and the winner of the Volksjager People s Fighter aviation design competition was an extremely lightweight cheap and fast plane that could be discarded if it suffered any damage Hinterbruhl was just part of a vast crash production program where dozens of factories of varying sizes would make parts for the jet then send them to sites like Hinterbruhl for final assembly and transshipment to flight test centers or even directly to airbases such was the desperate last minute nature of the enterprise In the last days of the war in 1945 the inmates of other camps had to make a 200 km long march to the concentration camp Mauthausen in Hinterbruhl Virtually none of them survived Fifty one inmates were killed even before the march by gasoline injections or strangled by SS officers In 1988 a monument was erected above the Subterranean Lake to honor the 51 victims of this massacre From 1964 the SOS Children s Villages in Hinterbruhl was led by Austrian pediatrician Hans Asperger 3 Population EditHistorical populationYearPop 18691 231 18801 417 15 1 18901 708 20 5 19002 055 20 3 19102 408 17 2 19232 294 4 7 19342 462 7 3 19393 283 33 3 19513 228 1 7 19613 230 0 1 19713 677 13 8 19813 989 8 5 19914 150 4 0 20014 020 3 1 20114 068 1 2 Seegrotte EditThe Hinterbruhl Seegrotte Lake Grotto is a large underground lake located in Hinterbruhl This grotto is an important historic site It used to be open to the public for tours The grotto is actually an old gypsum mine By the end of 1800 it was used to make red and white plaster In 1912 a blast released millions of gallons of water and flooded the lower caverns of the mine creating the largest underground lake in Europe In the 1930s a team of cave explorers found the lake and finally managed to open the grotto for the public The upper non flooded tunnels of the same old mine were reused by Nazi German authorities as an aircraft manufacturing facility which used forced labor Holdrichsmuhle EditHoldrichsmuhle an old mill is a hotel in Hinterbruhl that was featured on the 24g Austrian definitive stamp of 1945 SG936 Holdrichsmuhle was a regular subject for postcards from the late 1890s onwards Many of these cards claim an association with the composer Franz Schubert and there have been various plaques and internal features in support of these claims Early postcards claim that Schubert wrote Die schone Mullerin here later cards claim that it was Der Lindenbaum from Winterreise There is no documentary evidence to support these claims though there is a claim in Deutsch s Schubert Memoirs by his friends 4 made by Hermann Rollett in 1897 that he had seen Franz Schubert at Holdrichsmuhle around 1825 or 1826 when Rollett was aged seven nbsp Postcard showing the Holdrichsmuhle inn in Hinterbruhl Lower Austria The card shows a portrait of the composer Franz Schubert together with an incipit of Das Wandern the first song in Schubert s Die schone Mullerin song cycle There appears to be no documentary evidence to back up this claim though there is evidence that Schubert wrote Die schone Mullerin in hospital in Vienna Notable people EditKarl MotesiczkyReferences Edit Dauersiedlungsraum der Gemeinden Politischen Bezirke und Bundeslander Gebietsstand 1 1 2018 Statistics Austria Retrieved 10 March 2019 Einwohnerzahl 1 1 2018 nach Gemeinden mit Status Gebietsstand 1 1 2018 Statistics Austria Retrieved 9 March 2019 Hans Asperger Who Named It Retrieved 18 October 2019 Otto Erich Deutsch ed Schubert Memoirs by his friends Macmillan New York 1958External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hinterbruhl Official Homepage Hinterbruhl More information on Hinterbruhl Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hinterbruhl amp oldid 1085682796, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
