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Herbert Fröhlich

December 18, 2023

Herbert Fröhlich (9 December 1905 – 23 January 1991) FRS[1] was a German-born British physicist.[6][7]

Herbert Fröhlich
Herbert Fröhlich (1905–1991)
Born(1905-12-09)9 December 1905
Rexingen, Württemberg, German Empire
Died23 January 1991(1991-01-23) (aged 86)
Liverpool, England, UK
NationalityBritish
Alma materLudwig-Maximilians University
Known for
SpouseFanchon Fröhlich
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
Institutions
Doctoral advisorArnold Sommerfeld
Doctoral students
Other notable students
Signature
Notes
He is the brother of the mathematician Albrecht Fröhlich.

Career edit

In 1927, Fröhlich entered Ludwig-Maximilians University in Munich to study physics, and received his doctorate under Arnold Sommerfeld in 1930.[2] His first position was as Privatdozent at the University of Freiburg. Due to rising anti-Semitism and the Deutsche Physik movement under Adolf Hitler, and at the invitation of Yakov Frenkel, Fröhlich went to the Soviet Union, in 1933, to work at the Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute in Leningrad. During the Great Purge following the murder of Sergei Kirov, he fled to England in 1935. Except for a short visit to the Netherlands and a brief internment during World War II, he worked in Nevill Francis Mott's[1] department, at the University of Bristol, until 1948, rising to the position of Reader. At the invitation of James Chadwick, he took the Chair for Theoretical Physics at the University of Liverpool.[1][8]

In 1950, Bell Telephone Laboratories offered Fröhlich their endowed professorial position at Princeton University. However, at Liverpool he had a purely research post which was attractive to him. He was then newly married to an American, Fanchon Angst, who was studying linguistic philosophy at Somerville College, Oxford under P. F. Strawson, and who did not want to return to the United States at that time.[9][10][11][12][13]

From 1973, he was Professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Salford, however, all the while maintaining an office at the University of Liverpool, where he gained emeritus status in 1976 and remained there until his death. During 1981, he was a visiting professor at Purdue University.[14][15] He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 and in 1964.[16]

Fröhlich, who pursued theoretical research notably in the fields of superconductivity and bioelectrodynamics, proposed a theory of coherent excitations in biological systems known as Fröhlich coherence.[17][18][19][20][21] A system that attains this coherent state is known as a Fröhlich condensate, similar to room-temperature non-equilibrium Bose–Einstein condensation of quasiparticles.[22][23][24][25][26]

Honours and awards edit

Fröhlich was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1951.[1] In 1972, he was awarded the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft Max-Planck Medal and in 1981 an Honorary Doctorate from Purdue University.[27]

Books by Fröhlich edit

  • Herbert Fröhlich Elektronentheorie der Metalle. (Struktur und Eigenschaften der Materie in Eigendarstellung, Bd.18). (Springer, 1936, 1969)
  • Herbert Fröhlich Elektronentheorie der Metalle (Ann Arbor: Edwards Brothers, First US edition, in German, 1943) ISBN 1-114-56648-9
  • Herbert Fröhlich Theory of Dielectrics: Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Loss (Clarendon Press, 1949, 1958)
  • Herbert Fröhlich and F. Kremer Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems (Springer-Verlag, 1983) ISBN 978-3-642-69186-7
  • Herbert Fröhlich, editor Biological Coherence and Response to External Stimuli (Springer, 1988) ISBN 978-3-642-73309-3

Personal life edit

Fröhlich was the son of Fanny Frida (née Schwarz) and Jakob Julius Fröhlich, members of an old-established Jewish family in their home town of Rexingen, and the brother of Albrecht Fröhlich, a mathematician who was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1976.[28][29]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Mott, N. (1992). "Herbert Fröhlich 9 December 1905 – 23 January 1991". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 38: 145–162. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1992.0008. S2CID 123600343.
  2. ^ a b c Herbert Fröhlich at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  3. ^ a b c Measuring state-of-order by dielectric response: A comprehensive review on Fröhlich entropy estimation – J. Parravicini, GB. Parravicini, Measuring state-of-order by dielectric response: A comprehensive review on Fröhlich entropy estimation, Results in Physics, v. 28, 104571 (2021)
  4. ^ a b c Parravicini, J. (2018). "Thermodynamic potentials in anisotropic and nonlinear dielectrics". Physica B. 541: 54–60. Bibcode:2018PhyB..541...54P. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2018.04.029. S2CID 125817506.
  5. ^ Macroscopic response and directional disorder dynamics in chemically substituted ferroelectrics – J. Parravicini, E. DelRe, A.J. Agranat, GB. Parravicini, Macroscopic response and directional disorder dynamics in chemically substituted ferroelectrics, Phys. Rev. B, v. 93, 094203 (2016)
  6. ^ Terence W. Barrett and Herbert A. Pohl Energy Transfer Dynamics: Studies and Essays in Honor of Herbert Frohlich on His Eightieth Birthday (Springer-Verlag, 1987) ISBN 978-3-540-17502-5
  7. ^ GJ Hyland and Peter Rowlands (editors) Herbert Frohlich FRS: A Physicist Ahead of his Time. (University of Liverpool, 2006, 2nd edition 2008.) ISBN 978-0-906370-57-5
  8. ^ Biography of Herbert Frohlich (1905–1991) – Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics
  9. ^ "Fanchon Frohlich". Fanchon Frohlich Artist Philosopher. 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  10. ^ Hyland, Gerard (8 September 2016). "Fanchon Fröhlich obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  11. ^ Hyland, G.J. (2015). Herbert Fröhlich: A Physicist Ahead of His Time. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. 120–121.
  12. ^ "Audrey F Aungst in the 1930 United States Federal Census". Ancestry.com. 2 April 1930. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  13. ^ "Obituary for JOSEPH AUNCST [sic] (Aged 74)". The Courier (Waterloo, Iowa). 28 June 1944. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  14. ^ Fröhlich – Purdue University
  15. ^ Fröhlich, Herbert FRS (1905–1991), Physicist 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine – University of Liverpool
  16. ^ Nobel Prize Nominations
  17. ^ Fröhlich, H. (March 1968). "Bose condensation of strongly excited longitudinal electric modes" (PDF). Physics Letters A. 26 (9): 402–403. Bibcode:1968PhLA...26..402F. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(68)90242-9.
  18. ^ Fröhlich, H. (September 1968). "Long-Range Coherence and Energy Storage in Biological Systems" (PDF). International Journal of Quantum Chemistry. 2 (5): 641–649. Bibcode:1968IJQC....2..641F. doi:10.1002/qua.560020505.
  19. ^ Fröhlich, H. (July 1977). "Long-range coherence in biological systems" (PDF). La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento. 7 (3): 399–418. Bibcode:1977NCimR...7..399F. doi:10.1007/BF02747279. S2CID 121598507.
  20. ^ Fröhlich, Herbert; Kremer, Friedrich, eds. (1983). Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69186-7. ISBN 978-3-642-69188-1. S2CID 27896466.
  21. ^ Fröhlich, Herbert, ed. (1988). Biological Coherence and Response to External Stimuli. Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73309-3. ISBN 978-3-642-73311-6.
  22. ^ Moskalenko, S. A.; Pokatilov, E. P; Miglei, M. F.; Kiselyova, E. S. (October 1979). "Bose condensation of phonons in biological systems" (PDF). Quantum Chemistry. 16 (4): 745–752. doi:10.1002/qua.560160405.
  23. ^ Wu, T. M. (October 1994). "Chapter 16: Fröhlich's Theory of Coherent Excitation — A Retrospective" (PDF). In Ho, Mae-Wan; Popp, Fritz-Albert; Warnke, Ulrich (eds.). Bioelectrodynamics and Biocommunication. World Scientific. pp. 387–409. doi:10.1142/9789814503822_0016.
  24. ^ Catherine Meyers (13 October 2015). "Quantum Coherent-like State Observed in a Biological Protein for the First Time". American Institute of Physics.
  25. ^ Katona, Gergely; et al. (October 2015). "Terahertz radiation induces non-thermal structural changes associated with Fröhlich condensation in a protein crystal". Structural Dynamics. 2 (5): 054702. doi:10.1063/1.4931825. PMC 4711649. PMID 26798828.
  26. ^ Zhang, Zhedong; Agarwal, Girish S.; Scully, Marlan O. (19 April 2019). "Quantum Fluctuations in the Fröhlich Condensate of Molecular Vibrations Driven Far From Equilibrium". Physical Review Letters. 122 (15): 158101. arXiv:1810.07883. Bibcode:2019PhRvL.122o8101Z. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.158101. PMID 31050540. S2CID 53322370.
  27. ^ Honorary Doctorate Recipient – Purdue University
  28. ^ Hyland, G.J. (2015). Herbert Fröhlich: A Physicist Ahead of His Time. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. p. 5.
  29. ^ Archives of UK's 11 important scientists' work to be preserved for posterity

External links edit

  • University of Liverpool: Fröhlich, Herbert FRS (1905–1991), Physicist 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  • Did Herbert Fröhlich predict or postdict the isotope effect in superconductors?
  • Artist statement by Fanchon Fröhlich with:
    • A portrait of Herbert Fröhlich

December 18, 2023
herbert, fröhlich, december, 1905, january, 1991, german, born, british, physicist, 1905, 1991, born, 1905, december, 1905rexingen, württemberg, german, empiredied23, january, 1991, 1991, aged, liverpool, england, uknationalitybritishalma, materludwig, maximil. Herbert Frohlich 9 December 1905 23 January 1991 FRS 1 was a German born British physicist 6 7 Herbert FrohlichHerbert Frohlich 1905 1991 Born 1905 12 09 9 December 1905Rexingen Wurttemberg German EmpireDied23 January 1991 1991 01 23 aged 86 Liverpool England UKNationalityBritishAlma materLudwig Maximilians UniversityKnown forBioelectrodynamics Frohlich coherence Frohlich model Frohlich polaron Frohlich Hamiltonian Frohlich total energy 3 4 Frohlich entropy 3 4 5 Frohlich free energy 3 4 Frohlich term citation needed SpouseFanchon FrohlichAwardsFRS 1951 1 Max Planck Medal 1972 Scientific careerFieldsPhysicistInstitutionsUniversity of Bristol University of Liverpool University of Salford Ioffe Physico Technical Institute University of FreiburgDoctoral advisorArnold SommerfeldDoctoral studentsSebastian Doniach 2 Sigurd Zienau 2 Other notable studentsBrendan Scaife citation needed SignatureNotesHe is the brother of the mathematician Albrecht Frohlich Contents 1 Career 2 Honours and awards 3 Books by Frohlich 4 Personal life 5 References 6 External linksCareer editIn 1927 Frohlich entered Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich to study physics and received his doctorate under Arnold Sommerfeld in 1930 2 His first position was as Privatdozent at the University of Freiburg Due to rising anti Semitism and the Deutsche Physik movement under Adolf Hitler and at the invitation of Yakov Frenkel Frohlich went to the Soviet Union in 1933 to work at the Ioffe Physico Technical Institute in Leningrad During the Great Purge following the murder of Sergei Kirov he fled to England in 1935 Except for a short visit to the Netherlands and a brief internment during World War II he worked in Nevill Francis Mott s 1 department at the University of Bristol until 1948 rising to the position of Reader At the invitation of James Chadwick he took the Chair for Theoretical Physics at the University of Liverpool 1 8 In 1950 Bell Telephone Laboratories offered Frohlich their endowed professorial position at Princeton University However at Liverpool he had a purely research post which was attractive to him He was then newly married to an American Fanchon Angst who was studying linguistic philosophy at Somerville College Oxford under P F Strawson and who did not want to return to the United States at that time 9 10 11 12 13 From 1973 he was Professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Salford however all the while maintaining an office at the University of Liverpool where he gained emeritus status in 1976 and remained there until his death During 1981 he was a visiting professor at Purdue University 14 15 He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 and in 1964 16 Frohlich who pursued theoretical research notably in the fields of superconductivity and bioelectrodynamics proposed a theory of coherent excitations in biological systems known as Frohlich coherence 17 18 19 20 21 A system that attains this coherent state is known as a Frohlich condensate similar to room temperature non equilibrium Bose Einstein condensation of quasiparticles 22 23 24 25 26 Honours and awards editFrohlich was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society FRS in 1951 1 In 1972 he was awarded the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft Max Planck Medal and in 1981 an Honorary Doctorate from Purdue University 27 Books by Frohlich editHerbert Frohlich Elektronentheorie der Metalle Struktur und Eigenschaften der Materie in Eigendarstellung Bd 18 Springer 1936 1969 Herbert Frohlich Elektronentheorie der Metalle Ann Arbor Edwards Brothers First US edition in German 1943 ISBN 1 114 56648 9 Herbert Frohlich Theory of Dielectrics Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Loss Clarendon Press 1949 1958 Herbert Frohlich and F Kremer Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems Springer Verlag 1983 ISBN 978 3 642 69186 7 Herbert Frohlich editor Biological Coherence and Response to External Stimuli Springer 1988 ISBN 978 3 642 73309 3Personal life editFrohlich was the son of Fanny Frida nee Schwarz and Jakob Julius Frohlich members of an old established Jewish family in their home town of Rexingen and the brother of Albrecht Frohlich a mathematician who was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1976 28 29 References edit a b c d e Mott N 1992 Herbert Frohlich 9 December 1905 23 January 1991 Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 38 145 162 doi 10 1098 rsbm 1992 0008 S2CID 123600343 a b c Herbert Frohlich at the Mathematics Genealogy Project a b c Measuring state of order by dielectric response A comprehensive review on Frohlich entropy estimation J Parravicini GB Parravicini Measuring state of order by dielectric response A comprehensive review on Frohlich entropy estimation Results in Physics v 28 104571 2021 a b c Parravicini J 2018 Thermodynamic potentials in anisotropic and nonlinear dielectrics Physica B 541 54 60 Bibcode 2018PhyB 541 54P doi 10 1016 j physb 2018 04 029 S2CID 125817506 Macroscopic response and directional disorder dynamics in chemically substituted ferroelectrics J Parravicini E DelRe A J Agranat GB Parravicini Macroscopic response and directional disorder dynamics in chemically substituted ferroelectrics Phys Rev B v 93 094203 2016 Terence W Barrett and Herbert A Pohl Energy Transfer Dynamics Studies and Essays in Honor of Herbert Frohlich on His Eightieth Birthday Springer Verlag 1987 ISBN 978 3 540 17502 5 GJ Hyland and Peter Rowlands editors Herbert Frohlich FRS A Physicist Ahead of his Time University of Liverpool 2006 2nd edition 2008 ISBN 978 0 906370 57 5 Biography of Herbert Frohlich 1905 1991 Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Fanchon Frohlich Fanchon Frohlich Artist Philosopher 2020 Retrieved 6 April 2020 Hyland Gerard 8 September 2016 Fanchon Frohlich obituary The Guardian Retrieved 6 April 2020 Hyland G J 2015 Herbert Frohlich A Physicist Ahead of His Time Cham Switzerland Springer pp 120 121 Audrey F Aungst in the 1930 United States Federal Census Ancestry com 2 April 1930 Retrieved 6 April 2020 Obituary for JOSEPH AUNCST sic Aged 74 The Courier Waterloo Iowa 28 June 1944 Retrieved 6 April 2020 Frohlich Purdue University Frohlich Herbert FRS 1905 1991 Physicist Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine University of Liverpool Nobel Prize Nominations Frohlich H March 1968 Bose condensation of strongly excited longitudinal electric modes PDF Physics Letters A 26 9 402 403 Bibcode 1968PhLA 26 402F doi 10 1016 0375 9601 68 90242 9 Frohlich H September 1968 Long Range Coherence and Energy Storage in Biological Systems PDF International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 5 641 649 Bibcode 1968IJQC 2 641F doi 10 1002 qua 560020505 Frohlich H July 1977 Long range coherence in biological systems PDF La Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 7 3 399 418 Bibcode 1977NCimR 7 399F doi 10 1007 BF02747279 S2CID 121598507 Frohlich Herbert Kremer Friedrich eds 1983 Coherent Excitations in Biological Systems Proceedings in Life Sciences Springer Verlag doi 10 1007 978 3 642 69186 7 ISBN 978 3 642 69188 1 S2CID 27896466 Frohlich Herbert ed 1988 Biological Coherence and Response to External Stimuli Springer Verlag doi 10 1007 978 3 642 73309 3 ISBN 978 3 642 73311 6 Moskalenko S A Pokatilov E P Miglei M F Kiselyova E S October 1979 Bose condensation of phonons in biological systems PDF Quantum Chemistry 16 4 745 752 doi 10 1002 qua 560160405 Wu T M October 1994 Chapter 16 Frohlich s Theory of Coherent Excitation A Retrospective PDF In Ho Mae Wan Popp Fritz Albert Warnke Ulrich eds Bioelectrodynamics and Biocommunication World Scientific pp 387 409 doi 10 1142 9789814503822 0016 Catherine Meyers 13 October 2015 Quantum Coherent like State Observed in a Biological Protein for the First Time American Institute of Physics Katona Gergely et al October 2015 Terahertz radiation induces non thermal structural changes associated with Frohlich condensation in a protein crystal Structural Dynamics 2 5 054702 doi 10 1063 1 4931825 PMC 4711649 PMID 26798828 Zhang Zhedong Agarwal Girish S Scully Marlan O 19 April 2019 Quantum Fluctuations in the Frohlich Condensate of Molecular Vibrations Driven Far From Equilibrium Physical Review Letters 122 15 158101 arXiv 1810 07883 Bibcode 2019PhRvL 122o8101Z doi 10 1103 PhysRevLett 122 158101 PMID 31050540 S2CID 53322370 Honorary Doctorate Recipient Purdue University Hyland G J 2015 Herbert Frohlich A Physicist Ahead of His Time Cham Switzerland Springer p 5 Archives of UK s 11 important scientists work to be preserved for posterityExternal links editUniversity of Liverpool Frohlich Herbert FRS 1905 1991 Physicist Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Did Herbert Frohlich predict or postdict the isotope effect in superconductors Artist statement by Fanchon Frohlich with A portrait of Herbert Frohlich Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Herbert Frohlich amp oldid 1176841521, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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