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Henri Ellenberger

April 07, 2024

Henri Frédéric Ellenberger (6 November 1905 in Nalolo, Barotseland, Rhodesia – 1 May 1993 in Quebec City) was a Canadian psychiatrist, medical historian, and criminologist, sometimes considered the founding historiographer of psychiatry.[1][2] Ellenberger is chiefly remembered for The Discovery of the Unconscious, an encyclopedic study of the history of dynamic psychiatry published in 1970.

Henri Ellenberger
Born
Henri Frédéric Ellenberger

6 November 1905 (1905-11-06)
Nalolo, Barotseland, Rhodesia
Died1 May 1993 (1993-06) (aged 87)
Quebec City, Canada
Occupation(s)Psychiatrist, medical historian

Life edit

Henri F. Ellenberger was born in British Rhodesia to Swiss parents, and spent his childhood in the British colony of Rhodesia. He was later naturalised as a French citizen, and took his baccalaureate degree in Strasbourg, France, in 1924.

He studied medicine and psychiatry in Paris.[3] A student of Professor Henri Baruk, he obtained his doctorate in 1934,[4] while working at the famous Hôpital Sainte-Anne alongside such well-known contemporaries as Jacques Lacan (whose flair for self-publicity he early noted).[5]

Subsequent to the emergence of the Vichy government, Ellenberger emigrated to Switzerland in 1941. There he went through a training analysis with Oskar Pfister between 1949 and 1952, before becoming a member of the Swiss Psychoanalytic Society (SSP).

In 1953, in a major career change, Ellenberger became the lecturer at the Menninger Clinic in Topeka (Kansas). At the end of 1958, Ellenberger left Topeka. He obtained a research appointment in the Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry at McGill University in Montreal.[6] Later (1962), he went on to become Professor of Criminology at the Université de Montréal, in Canada. There he was to do pioneering work on victimology, exploring the psychodynamics between offender and victim.[7]

Publications and awards edit

Ellenberger is chiefly remembered for The Discovery of the Unconscious, an encyclopedic study of the history of dynamic psychiatry published in 1970. This work traced the origins of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy back to its 18th-century prehistory in the attempts to heal disease through exorcism, as practiced by the Catholic priest Johann Joseph Gassner, and from him through the researchers of hypnotism, Franz Mesmer and the Marquis de Puységur, to the 19th century neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot and the main figures of 20th century psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav Jung.

Robin Skynner praised the clarity of its presentation of the ideas of the great twentieth-century figures in their socio-historical contexts.[8] Ellenberger's account of Pierre Janet has also been singled out for special mention;[9] while Anthony Stevens has made use of his concept of "creative illness" in his account of Jung.[10]

Gay also singled out for mention Ellenberger's 1972 article on Anna O, which Gay considered "persuasively corrects Jones's misreading and Freud's misremembering of the case".[11] It was however only one of the thirty-five or so historical articles Ellenberger published both before and after his great synopsis.[12]

The Resource Center Henri Ellenberger in Paris was named in his honor.[13] During his lifetime he received many awards, including the Gold Medal of the Beccaria Prize in 1970,[14] and the Jason A. Hannah Medal of the Royal Society of Canada.[2]

He also wrote 40 booklets entirely in Esperanto.[15]

Characterisation edit

Ellenberger has been characterised as one of the mid-century, interdisciplinary independents in psychiatric thought.[16] His unique career path and independent, if moderate, Freudian revisionism, made him at times an isolated figure, especially with the biological turn in psychiatry at the close of the twentieth century.[17] His own belief in the central importance of the reality of the unconscious never faltered, however, even with the fading of his dream of a synthesis that "would do justice to the rigorous demands of experimental psychology and to the psychic realities experienced by the explorers of the unconscious".[18]

From 1956 to 1959, Ellenberger started teaching the history of psychiatry at the Menninger Foundation (where George Devereux already gave a lecture on psychoanalysis and anthropology).[19] The experience of exile played a key role in explaining the Ellenberger's interest in history.[20]

Criticism edit

Ellenberger has been criticised for modelling his picture of the origins of psychiatry in the Enlightenment clash with Demonology — in the triumph of illuminated reason over the blindness of faith.[21]

Works edit

  • The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books. Hardcover edition: 1970, ISBN 0-465-01672-3. Paperback edition: 1981, ISBN 0-465-01673-1.
  • Beyond the Unconscious: Essays of Henri F. Ellenberger in the History of Psychiatry (Princeton 1993) ed. Mark S. Micale
  • Doctors of the Soul (1995), ed. Elisabeth Roudinesco
  • Rollo May, Ernest Angel, and Henri F. Ellenberger eds., Existence: A New Dimension in Psychiatry and Psychology (1958)
  • Henri Ellenberger, "Dynamic Psychiatry: An Introduction. Lecture at the Menninger School of Psychiatry on August 22, 1956, Topeka, Kansas", ed. Emmanuel Delille, Zinbun (Kyoto University 2016), 47, p. 125-128.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Seite nicht gefunden". HLS-DHS-DSS.CH. from the original on 2015-09-24.
  2. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 2006-02-14. Retrieved 2006-08-12.
  3. ^ Elisabeth Roudinesco, Jacques Lacan (2005) p. 17
  4. ^ Mark S. Micale, 'Henri F. Ellenberger', in Discovering the History of Psychiatry (1994) p. 114
  5. ^ Roudinesco, p. 17 and p. 25
  6. ^ Emmanuel Delille, "On the History of Cultural Psychiatry: Georges Devereux, Henri Ellenberger, and the Psychological Treatment of Native Americans in the 1950s", Transcultural Psychiatry, 53 (3), 2016, p. 392-411.
  7. ^ Ann W. Burgess et al, Victimology (2009) p. 40
  8. ^ Robin Skynner/John Cleese, Families and how to survive them (1994) p. 301
  9. ^ Reed, Graham F. (2007). Gregory, Richard L. (ed.). The Oxford Companion to the Mind, Second edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 494. ISBN 978-0-19-866224-2.
  10. ^ Stevens, Anthony (1991). On Jung. London: Penguin Books. pp. 178. ISBN 0-14-012494-2.
  11. ^ Gay, p. 751
  12. ^ Micale, p. 112
  13. ^ . www.phil.gu.se. Archived from the original on 2012-02-04. Retrieved 2006-08-12.
  14. ^ "Encyclopédie de L'Agora - Ellenberger Henri".
  15. ^ (fr) Jean Bourbeau. Une bière avec la communauté espéranto de Montrealo (PDF), p. 40, Lumo, 2023 (1).
  16. ^ Micale, p. 113-4
  17. ^ Micale, p. 113
  18. ^ Ellenberger, p. 897
  19. ^ Emmanuel Delille, "Teaching the History of Psychiatry in the 1950s: Henri Ellenberger's Lectures at the Menninger Foundation", Zinbun, 47, 2016, 109-124.
  20. ^ Delille, p. 120-2
  21. ^ Micale, p. 227

External links edit

  • Dr Henri F. Ellenberger, La vie et l'oeuvre de Pierre Janet.
  • par E. Dellile

April 07, 2024
henri, ellenberger, henri, frédéric, ellenberger, november, 1905, nalolo, barotseland, rhodesia, 1993, quebec, city, canadian, psychiatrist, medical, historian, criminologist, sometimes, considered, founding, historiographer, psychiatry, ellenberger, chiefly, . Henri Frederic Ellenberger 6 November 1905 in Nalolo Barotseland Rhodesia 1 May 1993 in Quebec City was a Canadian psychiatrist medical historian and criminologist sometimes considered the founding historiographer of psychiatry 1 2 Ellenberger is chiefly remembered for The Discovery of the Unconscious an encyclopedic study of the history of dynamic psychiatry published in 1970 Henri EllenbergerBornHenri Frederic Ellenberger6 November 1905 1905 11 06 Nalolo Barotseland RhodesiaDied1 May 1993 1993 06 aged 87 Quebec City CanadaOccupation s Psychiatrist medical historian Contents 1 Life 2 Publications and awards 3 Characterisation 4 Criticism 5 Works 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksLife editHenri F Ellenberger was born in British Rhodesia to Swiss parents and spent his childhood in the British colony of Rhodesia He was later naturalised as a French citizen and took his baccalaureate degree in Strasbourg France in 1924 He studied medicine and psychiatry in Paris 3 A student of Professor Henri Baruk he obtained his doctorate in 1934 4 while working at the famous Hopital Sainte Anne alongside such well known contemporaries as Jacques Lacan whose flair for self publicity he early noted 5 Subsequent to the emergence of the Vichy government Ellenberger emigrated to Switzerland in 1941 There he went through a training analysis with Oskar Pfister between 1949 and 1952 before becoming a member of the Swiss Psychoanalytic Society SSP In 1953 in a major career change Ellenberger became the lecturer at the Menninger Clinic in Topeka Kansas At the end of 1958 Ellenberger left Topeka He obtained a research appointment in the Division of Social and Transcultural Psychiatry at McGill University in Montreal 6 Later 1962 he went on to become Professor of Criminology at the Universite de Montreal in Canada There he was to do pioneering work on victimology exploring the psychodynamics between offender and victim 7 Publications and awards editEllenberger is chiefly remembered for The Discovery of the Unconscious an encyclopedic study of the history of dynamic psychiatry published in 1970 This work traced the origins of psychoanalysis and psychotherapy back to its 18th century prehistory in the attempts to heal disease through exorcism as practiced by the Catholic priest Johann Joseph Gassner and from him through the researchers of hypnotism Franz Mesmer and the Marquis de Puysegur to the 19th century neurologist Jean Martin Charcot and the main figures of 20th century psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav Jung Robin Skynner praised the clarity of its presentation of the ideas of the great twentieth century figures in their socio historical contexts 8 Ellenberger s account of Pierre Janet has also been singled out for special mention 9 while Anthony Stevens has made use of his concept of creative illness in his account of Jung 10 Gay also singled out for mention Ellenberger s 1972 article on Anna O which Gay considered persuasively corrects Jones s misreading and Freud s misremembering of the case 11 It was however only one of the thirty five or so historical articles Ellenberger published both before and after his great synopsis 12 The Resource Center Henri Ellenberger in Paris was named in his honor 13 During his lifetime he received many awards including the Gold Medal of the Beccaria Prize in 1970 14 and the Jason A Hannah Medal of the Royal Society of Canada 2 He also wrote 40 booklets entirely in Esperanto 15 Characterisation editEllenberger has been characterised as one of the mid century interdisciplinary independents in psychiatric thought 16 His unique career path and independent if moderate Freudian revisionism made him at times an isolated figure especially with the biological turn in psychiatry at the close of the twentieth century 17 His own belief in the central importance of the reality of the unconscious never faltered however even with the fading of his dream of a synthesis that would do justice to the rigorous demands of experimental psychology and to the psychic realities experienced by the explorers of the unconscious 18 From 1956 to 1959 Ellenberger started teaching the history of psychiatry at the Menninger Foundation where George Devereux already gave a lecture on psychoanalysis and anthropology 19 The experience of exile played a key role in explaining the Ellenberger s interest in history 20 Criticism editEllenberger has been criticised for modelling his picture of the origins of psychiatry in the Enlightenment clash with Demonology in the triumph of illuminated reason over the blindness of faith 21 Works editThe Discovery of the Unconscious The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry New York Basic Books Hardcover edition 1970 ISBN 0 465 01672 3 Paperback edition 1981 ISBN 0 465 01673 1 Beyond the Unconscious Essays of Henri F Ellenberger in the History of Psychiatry Princeton 1993 ed Mark S Micale Doctors of the Soul 1995 ed Elisabeth Roudinesco Rollo May Ernest Angel and Henri F Ellenberger eds Existence A New Dimension in Psychiatry and Psychology 1958 Henri Ellenberger Dynamic Psychiatry An Introduction Lecture at the Menninger School of Psychiatry on August 22 1956 Topeka Kansas ed Emmanuel Delille Zinbun Kyoto University 2016 47 p 125 128 See also editExistential therapy Split personalityReferences edit Seite nicht gefunden HLS DHS DSS CH Archived from the original on 2015 09 24 a b Micale M S ed Beyond the Unconscious Essays of Henri F Ellenberger in the History of Psychiatry Archived from the original on 2006 02 14 Retrieved 2006 08 12 Elisabeth Roudinesco Jacques Lacan 2005 p 17 Mark S Micale Henri F Ellenberger in Discovering the History of Psychiatry 1994 p 114 Roudinesco p 17 and p 25 Emmanuel Delille On the History of Cultural Psychiatry Georges Devereux Henri Ellenberger and the Psychological Treatment of Native Americans in the 1950s Transcultural Psychiatry 53 3 2016 p 392 411 Ann W Burgess et al Victimology 2009 p 40 Robin Skynner John Cleese Families and how to survive them 1994 p 301 Reed Graham F 2007 Gregory Richard L ed The Oxford Companion to the Mind Second edition Oxford Oxford University Press p 494 ISBN 978 0 19 866224 2 Stevens Anthony 1991 On Jung London Penguin Books pp 178 ISBN 0 14 012494 2 Gay p 751 Micale p 112 Classical Rorschach has moved www phil gu se Archived from the original on 2012 02 04 Retrieved 2006 08 12 Encyclopedie de L Agora Ellenberger Henri fr Jean Bourbeau Une biere avec la communaute esperanto de Montrealo PDF p 40 Lumo 2023 1 Micale p 113 4 Micale p 113 Ellenberger p 897 Emmanuel Delille Teaching the History of Psychiatry in the 1950s Henri Ellenberger s Lectures at the Menninger Foundation Zinbun 47 2016 109 124 Delille p 120 2 Micale p 227External links editDr Henri F Ellenberger La vie et l oeuvre de Pierre Janet Un voyage d observation des psychotherapies aux Etats Unis Henri Ellenberger entre psychiatrie transculturelle et heritage janetien 1952 par E Dellile Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Henri Ellenberger amp oldid 1170104912, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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