Heidelberg Road

Heidelberg Road is a major arterial road through the north-eastern suburbs of Melbourne.^[2] It was the first road in Victoria outside the township of Melbourne.^[3] Heidelberg Road was the main route for people travelling to Heidelberg, from the mid to late 1800s.^[4]

Heidelberg Road Victoria
Southwest end Northeast end
Coordinates	37°47′17″S 144°59′31″E / 37.788102°S 144.992083°E / -37.788102; 144.992083 (Southwest end) 37°46′22″S 145°02′27″E / 37.772702°S 145.040697°E / -37.772702; 145.040697 (Northeast end)
General information
Type	Road
Length	4.9 km (3.0 mi)^[1]
Route number(s)	Metro Route 46 (1965–present) Entire route
Former route number	Metro Route 2 (1965–1989) (Alphington–Ivanhoe)
Tourist routes	Tourist Route 2 (1989–present) (Alphington–Ivanhoe)
Major junctions
Southwest end	Queens Parade Clifton Hill, Melbourne
	Hoddle Street Westgarth Street Chandler Highway
Northeast end	Lower Heidelberg Road Upper Heidelberg Road Ivanhoe, Melbourne
Location(s)
Major suburbs	Clifton Hill, Fairfield, Alphington, Ivanhoe

History

Access was required to the Heidelberg area by wealthy settlers in the 1830s.^[5] Heidelberg Road started as a track at Smith Street, Melbourne, crossing two creeks, Merri Creek and Darebin Creek.^[6][3]

The road's maintenance was undertaken by the Heidelberg Road Trust, formed in 1841, by the election of local landowners.^[6][7][8] The Trust was the first local government body in Victoria.^[a][3] Earlier, Heidelberg residents had contributed to the funding of the first bridge over Darebin Creek.^[5] The road was completed in 1842, and is believed to have followed an Aboriginal traditional route.^[9] The Trust was the first road trust established in the Colony of New South Wales.^[10]

In 1847 Victoria's first toll gate was established, near Merri Creek,^[7] to fund the road's maintenance. This allowed the road to be surfaced with macadam, the first such road in Victoria, and the road itself became a tourist attraction.^[3][9] This work was completed in 1848, and the road was known as the "Great Heidelberg Road".^[11]

The Heidelberg Road Trust was replaced by the Heidelberg Road Board, in 1861, which was then also responsible for other roads in the area.^[9]

The causeway across Merri Creek was replaced by a bridge in 1854, which was washed away ten years later. Its replacement was completed by 1868.^[5]

Heidelberg Road was an important early development corridor leading out of Melbourne.^[5] A mixture of well developed areas and sparsely developed areas along the road had occurred by 1914. The sparsely developed areas were mostly filled in by 1931, and by 1945 light commercial shops and warehousing was in place with some smaller sites being consolidated. The present day^[b] nature of development along the road, light industrial and commercial, had been established by 1956.^[4]

The elimination of the railway crossing at the Clifton Hill railway gates, where Heidelberg Road crossed the Hurstbridge and Whittlesea railway lines and then Hoddle Street, was replaced by an overpass, between February 1956 and May 1957.

Heidelberg Road was signed as Metropolitan Route 46 in 1965. It shared a concurrency with Metropolitan Route 2, from Chandler Highway in Alphington to The Boulevard in southern Ivanhoe, also signed in 1965; this was replaced by Tourist Route 2 in 1989.

The passing of the Road Management Act 2004^[12] granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads: in 2004, VicRoads re-declared the road as Heidelberg Road (Arterial #5812), beginning at the intersection at Queens Parade and ending at Merri Creek through Clifton Hill,^[13] and as Main Heidelberg-Eltham Road (Arterial #5762) from Merri Creek in Clifton Hill and the intersection of Upper Heidelberg and Lower Heidelberg Roads in Ivanhoe (the declaration continues east along Lower Heidelberg Road to Banksia Street in Eaglemont).^[14] The road is still presently known (and signposted) as Heidelberg Road along its entire length.

Aboriginal impact

Heidelberg Road was an area used by local Aboriginal people for encampments.^[5]

In 1840, the Mounted Police executed a military ambush of 500 Aboriginal men who had gathered on the road, arresting many and imprisoning them.^[9]

Major intersections

LGA	Location^[1]^[13]^[14]	km^[1]	mi	Destinations	Notes
Yarra	Clifton Hill–Fitzroy North boundary	0.0	0.0	Queens Parade (Metro Route 46 southwest, no shield northeast) – Carlton, Northcote, Reservoir	Western terminus of road, Metro Route 46 continues southwest along Queens Parade
		0.3	0.19	Hoddle Street (Metro Route 29) – Northcote, Reservoir, Richmond, St Kilda	Westbound exit to Hoddle Street southbound only, eastbound and westbound entry from Hoddle Street northbound only
	Clifton Hill	0.4	0.25	Hurstbridge and Mernda railway lines
Merri Creek		1.1	0.68	Heidelberg Road bridge
Yarra–Darebin boundary	Northcote–Fairfield boundary	2.1	1.3	Westgarth Street (Metro Route 38) – Maribyrnong, Fitzroy North
	Alphington	3.0	1.9	Grange Road (Metro Route 21 north) – Preston, Reservoir    Chandler Highway (Metro Route 21/Tourist Route 2 south) – Kew, Burnley	Western terminus of concurrency with Tourist Route 2
Darebin Creek		4.1	2.5	Heidelberg Road bridge
Banyule	Ivanhoe	4.3	2.7	The Boulevard (Tourist Route 2) – Ivanhoe East	Eastern terminus of concurrency with Tourist Route 2
		4.9	3.0	Upper Heidelberg Road (Metro Route 46) – Rosanna, Greensborough, Diamond Creek	Metro Route 46 continues north along Upper Heidelberg Road
				Lower Heidelberg Road (Metro Route 44) – Heidelberg, Eltham, Kangaroo Ground	Eastern terminus of road, western terminus of Metro Route 44
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Concurrency terminus       Incomplete access       Route transition

Notes

1. The part of the Colony of New South Wales which later became the Colony of Victoria.
2. As at 2019 per source.

References

1. Google (20 October 2021). "Heidelberg Road" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
2. "Maps of declared roads". VicRoads. 18 August 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
3. "Heidelberg Road". Darebin Heritage. Darebin Libraries. 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
4. RBA Architects + Conservation Consultants (2019). "Heidelberg Road Heritage Review (Stage 1)" (PDF). www.yarracity.vic.gov.au. City of Yarra. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
5. Context (2007). "Thematic Environmental History". City of Darebin Heritage Study. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
6. Spearritt, Peter; Stell, Marion, eds. (2015). "Heidelberg". Victorian Places. Monash University and the University of Queensland. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
7. Butler, Graeme (30 November 1985). "Part 1 - Heidelberg Historic Buildings and Areas Assessment". Heidelberg Conservation Study. City of Heidelberg: 23. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
8. "FROM "ROAD TRUST" TO CITY". The Argus (Melbourne). No. 29, 659. Victoria, Australia. 13 September 1941. p. 3. Retrieved 23 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
9. Context (29 October 2018). "Banyule Thematic Environmental Study" (PDF). www.contextpl.com.au. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
10. "Good Roads Essential For Progress". Shepparton Advertiser. Vol. 8, no. 307. Victoria, Australia. 19 October 1937. p. 52. Retrieved 23 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
11. "Heidelberg". Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
12. State Government of Victoria. "Road Management Act 2004" (PDF). Government of Victoria. (PDF) from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
13. VicRoads. "VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) 2015" (PDF). Government of Victoria. p. 776. from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
14. VicRoads. "VicRoads – Register of Public Roads (Part A) 2015" (PDF). Government of Victoria. p. 720. from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2021.

Further reading

• Anderson, Willam Keys (1994). Roads for the people : a history of Victoria's Roads. South Melbourne: Hyland House. ISBN 1875657231.
• "THE HEIDELBERG-ROAD". The Argus (Melbourne). No. 20, 804. Victoria, Australia. 29 March 1913. p. 7. Retrieved 21 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
• For the early governance of the road: "Hieidelberg". Australian Research Data Commons. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
• "Unimproved Rating Brought More Development". Gippsland Times. No. 12, 095. Victoria, Australia. 1 July 1954. p. 4. Retrieved 23 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
• "NEWS OF THE DAY". The Age. No. 25515. Victoria, Australia. 25 January 1937. p. 8. Retrieved 23 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
• "The New Suburbs". The Age. No. 25, 392. Victoria, Australia. 2 September 1936. p. 15. Retrieved 23 November 2021 – via National Library of Australia.

•  Australian Roads portal