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Glossary of card game terms

March 03, 2023

The following is a glossary of terms used in card games. Besides the terms listed here, there are thousands of common and uncommon slang terms. Terms in this glossary should not be game-specific (e.g. specific to Bridge, Hearts, Poker or Rummy), but apply to a wide range of card games. For glossaries that relate primarily to one game or family of similar games, see Game-specific glossaries.

Hand of cards during a game

A

Ace
  1. The card with one pip in a pack of cards. Usually the highest card of a suit, ranking immediately above the King. May also occupy the lowest rank.
  2. Commonly refers to the Deuce or Two in German-suited packs which don't have real Aces. Often the highest card of a suit.
 
Suit of Acorns
Acorns
One of the four suits in a German-suited pack of cards.[1] Symbol:  
active
  1. A card that is in play i.e. not sleeping.[2]
  2. See active player.
active player
  1. A player who receives cards in the current deal (i.e. is not sitting out because there are more players than the game is designed for as in four-hand Skat or five-hand Schafkopf).[3]
  2. A player who has not withdrawn from the current deal but elected to play on (as in Rams or Poker).[3]
adversary
Any opposing player, especially in two-hand games, or an opponent of the declarer. See defenders.[3]
adverse
Pertaining to an adversary or opponent e.g. an adverse lead is one made by an opponent; adverse trumps are those held by one's opponent(s).[3]
age
Order of priority for leading, betting or bidding, starting from the player next to the dealer.[4] See eldest and youngest.
alliance
A temporary partnership that lasts only for the current deal or hand[4] (e.g. Prop and Cop in Solo Whist or the normal game in Schafkopf).
alone
Playing without the help of a partner. See declarer and soloist.[3]
announce
See declare.[3]
announcement
  1. Often used in both senses of declaration. However, Dummett prefers to restrict 'announcement' for the intention to achieve certain feats in play, while preferring 'declaration' for a statement that one has a special combination of cards in one's hand.[5]
ante
  1. A mandatory stake made before the game begins - usually by all players, sometimes by the dealer only.[4]
  2. Chips required to be put into the pot before the deal.[6]
  3. To put in such chips.[6]
around the corner
Phrase that describes sequences or runs that are built either side of the Ace e.g. Q K A 2 3 4 [7]
auction
The period of bidding.[8] The phase in some card games where players may bid to lead the game, or bid on a certain hand or privilege in that hand such as naming the trump suit. The player with the highest bid wins the auction and plays his chosen game or exercises his privilege. Often used in trick-taking games.[9]

B

 
The banking game of Faro (1895).
 
Suit of Bells
balanced hand
A hand of cards with no void suit, singleton or very long suit.[10]
banker
Also called the house or the bank, the person responsible for distributing chips, keeping track of the buy-ins, and paying winners at the end of a banking game. A dealer against whom the punters bet.[11][3]
banking game
A less-skilled card game of the gambling type in which one or more punters play against a banker, who controls the game.[12]
base value
A constant factor in working out the value of a game e.g. Skat.[13]
batch
See packet.
Batons
One of the four suits in a Latin-suited pack of cards.[1] Symbol:   or  
beater
Term used in games of the Karnöffel family for quasi-trump cards able to beat those of lower rank or with no powers at all.
belle
The last game of the rubber.[14]
Bells
One of the four suits in a German pack of cards.[1] Symbol:  
best
Highest ranking.[11]
best card
Highest card of a suit not yet played. The commanding card, master card. Also king card.[15]
bet
  1. Any wager on the outcome of a deal or game; any chips put in a pot; to put chips in a pot.[15]
  2. The first bet in a betting interval.[15]
bête, bate, bete or beet.
  1. A penalty payment in certain games for e.g. for failing to take the minimum number of tricks, or for a stake or money which a player has lost.[16]
  2. A player who fails to takes a single trick in Mistigri.[17] Likewise in Mauscheln, if the declarer, or Mauschler, fails to win a trick, he is the Mauschlerbete.
  3. Failure to make a contract.[15]
  4. Conceding defeat without playing.[18]
  5. Double bête: a double penalty, usually for failing to make a contract after choosing to play out the cards.[15]
bettel or bettler
Bid or contract to win no tricks. Also misère.[4]
bid
  1. An offer to win a minimum or specified number of tricks or points or the privilege of naming the trump suit or the game.[19][15]
  2. To make a bid.[15]
bidder
  1. Any player who makes a bid.[11]
  2. The player who makes the highest bid and plays out his announced contract.[11]
blank
  1. In card-point games, a card that is worth no points. A non-counter.[4]
  2. A hand with no court cards, i.e. only pip cards.[4]
  3. A card that is unguarded by other, usually lower cards in the same suit: "I held the blank king of spades."[citation needed]
  4. To discard in such a way as to leave a card unprotected: "She blanked the King of Spades."[citation needed]
  5. To void a suit.[20]
blank suit
A suit of which one holds no cards. A void (suit). To blank a suit is to get rid of all the cards of that suit from one's hand. [15]
blaze
A hand consisting only of court cards.[15]
blind
See skat or widow.
blocking
Blocking a suit is keeping a high card back so that the player with a number of smaller cards cannot win tricks with them.[21]
bluff
  1. To attempt to deceive one's opponent(s) about the value of cards in one's hand.[22]
  2. To use various tactics to mislead one's opponent(s) about the distribution of cards or one's strategy.
build
To add cards to those already on the table in order to extend a set or sequence.[9]
bonus
An extra amount added to a player's score for the game for holding or winning certain cards[9] or for achieving certain goals, such as Schneider.
Bower
The Jack of the trump suit or the Jack of the same colour as the trump suit e.g. in Euchre or Reunion.
Left Bower: the Jack of the same colour as the trump suit.[23]
Right Bower: the Jack of the trump suit.[23]
bring in a suit
Make tricks in a plain suit after the adverse trumps are exhausted.[21]
bury a card
To place a card in the middle of the pack or discard pile so that it cannot be easily located.[11]
buy
  1. To receive a card from the dealer, face down, in return for a stake e.g. in Twenty-One.[24]
  2. To receive or draw the spare hand, (skat or widow) in return for one's own hand and, possibly, a stake e.g. in Newmarket.[25]
  3. To receive or pick up a card or cards in return for a hand card or cards e.g. in Préférence when the 2 talon cards are picked up and 2 discarded.
  4. To draw cards from the stock or talon.[25]

C

 
Cavalier from a Tarock pack
call
To declare, bid or pass. Any such declaration[25]
capture
To pick up or take cards during play, often as part of a trick.
captain
the player who directs the play of his team or who has the final decision in certain partnership games.[25]
card money
The charge levied by an establishment on the playing of card games.[26]
card points
The scoring value of a card or cards in point-trick games.[4] Card points are used to determine the winner of a hand, based on the value of individual cards won. Not to be confused with game points. Sometimes called pips.
card value
See card points.
carte blanche
A hand with no court cards (see blank), for example, in Piquet,[4] Comet or Bezique; or with either no court cards or no pip cards in Briscan[27]
case card
The last remaining card of a denomination left in play.[11]
Cavalier
The court card in certain card packs that usually ranks below the Queen and above the Jack.[25]
chicane
A hand with no trumps.[4]
chip
A token used in place of money; a counter; to put chips in the pot[28] Also jeton.
chosen suit
A suit characterised by a disturbed ranking and in which some cards have privileges over cards of the unchosen suits or special powers when led. Chosen suits are found in most games of the Karnöffel group. Sometimes called a selected suit. Sometimes also misnamed a trump suit.[29]
circle
A local group of card players who meet regularly to play a particular game.[a]
 
Suit of Clubs
clear
  1. Establish a card or suit by forcing out adverse higher cards or stoppers.[28]
  2. Having taken no penalty cards e.g. in Hearts.[28]
close
To bar further use of the talon by turning the trump card over and placing it on the top in card games such as Sixty-Six and Schnapsen.[28]
Clubs
One of the four suits in a French-suited or Spanish-suited pack of cards.[9][1] Symbol:   or  
coat card
Original term for court card, now obsolete.[28]
coffee housing
To talk and act in order to mislead one's opponents about one's cards.[28]
 
7 of Coins
Coins
One of the four suits in a Latin-suited pack of cards.[1] Symbol:   or  
color, colour
In French-suited packs, this is the colour of the suit symbols, which is red for Hearts and Diamonds and black for Clubs and Spades.
combination
Two or more cards that score a bonus when melded. Often called a meld.[28]
command
The best card of a suit, usually applied to suits which the adversary is trying to establish.[31] See best card, king card and master card.
commanding card
  1. The best card of a suit in play.[32] Also best card, king card or master card.
  2. The top trump or highest matador such as the Knave of Clubs in Knave Noddy[33] or the Right Bower in Euchre.[34]
compendium game
A game in which a number of different contracts is played in succession e.g. Barbu, Quodlibet and Poch.[30]
contract
An agreement or obligation to play a certain type of game, to win a certain number of points or tricks in a hand, round or game.[19]
contractor
The highest bidder who then plays out his contract.[11]
contrat
A short rectangular counter or chip used in some French card games and Danish Tarok that is worth a number of jetons or fiches, typically 100 jetons.[35]
counter
  1. Object used to score. Token used in place of money; a chip.[28] Also jeton.
  2. Card with a point value. Also counting card.[4]
counting card
  1. A card that has an intrinsic scoring value when taken in a trick. Also counter.[36]
count out
  1. During play, to claim to have enough points for game, thus ending the play; to go out during the play.[28]
court card
One of the picture cards i.e. a King, Queen or Jack in a French pack;[37] a King, Ober or Unter in a German pack, or a King, Queen, Cavalier and Valet in a Tarot pack. Also face card, picture card or royal card. Originally coat card.
cover
To play a higher card of the same suit than any previously played to the trick.[28] Also play over (but that can also mean to play any higher card). Not to be confused with go over, head the trick or overtake.
cross-ruff
Two partners alternately trumping a different suit.[38]
 
Ace of Cups
cross-suit
Suit of the opposite colour.[39]
Cups
One of the four suits in a Latin-suited pack of cards.[1] Symbol:   or  
cut
To divide the deck into two parts; usually after shuffling. Cards may also be cut to determine who deals or which suit is trumps.[37]

D

dead card
One that cannot be used in the play.[40]
deadwood
Unmatched cards remaining in the hand e.g. in Rummy.[39]
deal
  1. Verb: To distribute cards to players in accordance with the rules of the card game being played.[41] In many games, this involves picking up all the cards, shuffling them, having them cut and redistributing them, but in other games (such as Patience games) it simply involves turning over the wastepile to act as a new stock.
  2. Noun: The play from the time the cards are dealt until they are redealt.[41] Also referred to as a hand
dealer
The person whose turn and responsibility it is to deal the cards.[39]
deck
May refer either to the pack[39] or the stock / talon.
declaration
  1. Announcement of melds or scoring combinations, as in Piquet.[39] Dummett prefers to restrict 'declaration' to this sense, while preferring 'announcement' for the intention to achieve certain feats in play i.e. the 2nd meaning below.[5]
  2. The game at which a deal is played.[39] A call or bid.[42]
declare
  1. To bid or to announce the trump.[25]
  2. To announce; predict schneider or schwarz.[25]
  3. To meld or show.[25]
  4. To count out.[25]

Note: Dummett prefers to restrict 'announce' for the intention to achieve certain feats in play, while using 'declare' for a statement that one has a special combination of cards in one's hand.[5]

declarer
In a contract game, the highest bidder who then tries to achieve the announced contract.[41]
declaring side, declaring team
The side that wins the auction.[43] The player who made the highest bid and his or her partner who join forces to achieve the announced contract.[44]
defenders
The opponents of the declarer(s) in card games like Bridge or Skat.[9] Originally those 'defending' the pool (see Pigott's Hoyle (1800).).
denomination
The rank of a card e.g. 2, 3, 4, etc.[45]
 
Suit of Diamonds
Deuce
The Two of any suit.[41] In German-suited packs, the Deuce is nowadays usually called the Ace despite having 2 suit symbols.[46] In Austria and Bavaria usually called the Sow (Sau).
Diamonds
One of the four suits in a French pack of cards.[9] Symbol:  
discard
  1. To get rid of plain suit cards when unable to follow suit and unwilling or unable to trump.[38]
  2. To lay away cards, e.g. of high value or to void a suit, after picking up from the talon or skat.[39]
  3. A card that is removed from the hand in either of those ways.[39]
discard pile
The pile of cards already rejected by players.[37] The common pile of discarded cards.[39] Also wastepile.
double, redouble
To increase the game value by a factor of 2. Redoubling effectively quadruples the original game value.
double-ended, double-figured, double-headed
Of a playing card, being designed to be read either way up by having indices at each end and, in the case of court cards, dividing the picture horizontally or diagonally and displaying only the upper part of the figure at each end. Also reversible. See single-ended.
doubleton
Only two cards of the same suit in the hand.[38]
downcard
A card lying face down.[47]
draw
To take a card from the stock (talon).[37] Also 'buy' e.g. in Rummy.[48]
draw lots
To select e.g. the first dealer by letting players choose a card at random from the fanned pack or by cutting the pack
drop
To withdraw from the current deal; to discard one's hand rather than stake enough chips to stay in the game.[36]
dummy, dummy hand
A hand dealt to an imaginary extra player, and often played out according to certain rules.[41]
durch, durchmarsch
See march.

E

elder
  1. Sitting at the left (when the rotation is clockwise.[36]
  2. Non-dealer in two-hand play.[36]
eldest
  1. Of several players, the one nearest the dealer's left when the rotation is clockwise. May not necessarily be eldest hand.
  2. Short for eldest hand.
eldest hand
This is the player to the left of the dealer in games that are played clockwise; or to the right of the dealer in those played anti-clockwise and who is usually first to bid or declare and play.[36] The first player to play in the round. Called forehand in many games.
empty card
In Tarock games, a card without a special point value, usually a pip card, but sometimes also an ordinary trump (i.e. not one of the Trull cards.[49]
endhand
See rearhand.
entrump
To make a particular suit trumps.[41]
establish
To make cards the best by forcing out adverse higher cards; to clear.[36]
established suit
A suit is established if when you or your partner can take every trick in it, regardless of who leads.[50]
exit
To relinquish the lead; force another player to win the trick.[36]

F

face
  1. The side of a card depicting its rank
To turn a card so that its rank is visible and its back underneath
face card
See court card.
face down
With the denomination side of the card downwards and its back upwards.
faceup (US)
A card positioned so that it reveals its suit and value.[37] Also upcard.[51]
face value
The marked value of a card. Also pip value. Court cards are usually take to have a value of 10, the Ace 1 or 11.[9]
fall of the cards
The identity and order in which cards are played, especially as it gives an indication of the location of unplayed cards.[36]
fan
  1. To spread cards fanwise.[52] To spread a hand or pack of cards, face up, in an arc so that they can be identified from their corner indices. Alternatively to spread them, face down, in order to enable players to 'draw lots' in order, for example, to choose teams or the first dealer.
  2. An arc of cards so fanned. A spread of face-up cards.[52]
  3. In Patience, a small number of cards laid in an overlapping row, so that only one is exposed.[53]
fatten
To discard counting cards to one's partner's tricks.[50] Also smear.
fat trick
A trick that is rich in counting cards.[36]
fiche
A long rectangular counter used in some French card games and Danish Tarok that is worth a number of jetons, typically 10 or 20. See also contrat.[35]
finesse
An attempt to take a trick with a card that is not the best of the suit.[50]
 
Flush of Diamonds
first hand
  1. The leader to a trick.[36]
  2. The first player to call.[40]
  3. Eldest hand.[36]
flush
Cards of the same suit.[50]
fold
  1. To withdraw or surrender the current hand or game.[9]
  2. To withdraw from the auction having been overcalled.
follow suit
To play a card of the led suit.[19]
force
  1. To compel a player to trump a trick in order to win it.[50] A player may 'force out' trumps by leading a long plain suit in which the opponent is void.
  2. A compulsory round or deal in which all players must play and none may drop out. Also known in German games as a 'muss'. See Schafkopf.
forehand
  1. Another term for eldest hand usually in card games originating from Europe. The player who is usually first to receive cards, bid and play. Sits to the left of the dealer in clockwise games and right of the dealer in anticlockwise games.
  2. The player who has the right to lead to a trick. Also said to be "in forehand".
French-suited pack
A pack of cards with the four suits: Clubs, Spades, Hearts and Diamonds. So-called because it originated in France, but now used worldwide. Compare with German and Latin-suited pack. The standard 52-card pack consists of French-suited cards which may be of various patterns (English/International, Belgian-Genoese, Dondorf, Swedish, etc.).
free card
  1. A card with special privileges when led to a trick e.g. the Sevens in Bruus or the Eights and Nines in Knüffeln.
  2. A card that cannot be beaten because all the trumps have been exhausted.[54][55]
  3. A card that cannot be beaten because all the trumps and higher cards have been played.

G

game
  1. A pastime in general, usually involving some form of competing.[56]
  2. A variant of a basic game e.g. Gin Rummy or Wendish Schafkopf.[56]
  3. A bid, declaration or contract.[56]
  4. A period in a session of play which results in a winner.[56]
  5. The target number of points as in "game is 100 points".[56]
  6. Fulfilment of the declared contract as in "their team made game".[56]
  7. A style or system of play.[56]
game points
In point-trick games, the score awarded to the players based on the outcome of a hand, the game value of a contract and any bonuses earned. Game points are accumulated (or deducted) to decide the overall winner. Not to be confused with card points.
game value
The amount a contract is worth in points or hard score
German-suited pack
A pack of cards with the four suits: Acorns, Leaves, Hearts and Bells. So-called because it originated in Germany. Such packs are common in Austria, Germany, north Italy, Hungary and several other countries in eastern Europe. Compare with French and Latin-suited pack.
good
Concession by a player that he or she accepts the bid and does not wish to bid against it. May be announced with "good."
go out
To finish playing in the current deal because a) you have got rid of all your cards (e.g. in Rummy or Domino or b) you have achieved the tricks or points needed to win (e.g. in Fipsen or Sixty-Six).
go over
  1. To bid higher; overcall.[57]
  2. To play a higher card than any so far played to the trick.[57] Also head the trick or play over (but that can also mean to play a higher card of the same suit). Not to be confused with cover or overtake.
guard
One or more cards that protect a high card.[58] A high card may be singly guarded, twice guarded, etc.

H

hand
  1. The cards held by one player ("playing hand")
  2. The player holding the cards, as in "Third hand bid 1♠."
  3. Synonymous with the noun usage of deal.
hand card
A card held in the hand as opposed to one on the table.
hand game or handplay.
A type of contract in certain games in which the skat or widow is not used. See Hand game (cards).[57]
hard score
A game played for 'hard score' – as opposed to those played for soft score – is one played for money. Coins may be used to stake; alternatively chips or counters with an agreed monetary value may be utilised.
head the trick
To play a better (i.e. higher) card than any already played to the trick.[57] Also go over or play over (but that can also mean to play a higher card of the same suit). Not to be confused with cover or overtake.
 
Suit of Hearts (Swedish-pattern pack)
Hearts
One of the four suits in a French pack or German pack of cards.[9][1] Symbols:   or  
hold
As an earlier bidder in the auction, to match a higher bid, thus retaining the right to play a contract.
hold up
To refrain from playing (a high card).[57] Also 'hold back'.
honour
A card attracting a bonus score or side payment, usually to the player or team for holding and declaring them, but sometimes for capturing them in play.[59] From the French honneur. See matador.
house
See banker.

I

index
The number or letter printed in the corner of a playing card, so that it may be read when held in a fan.[57]
in turn
A player, or an action, is said to be in turn if that player is expected to act next under the rules. Jerry said "check" while he was in turn, so he's not allowed to raise.
invite
To lead a small card of the long suit.[60]

J

 
Wooden counters. Jetons are round, fiches are long and contrats are short and rectangular.
jan, jann
The equivalent of lurch or schneider in north German or Scandinavian games. It may mean losing without taking a trick, as in games of the Bruus family, or scoring less than 1/4 of the points, as in games of the Sjavs family.
Jack
The court card ranking, naturally, between the Queen and the Ten. Also called the Knave or Valet in certain card games.
jeton
A circular counter which forms the basic unit of scoring or payment, especially in French card games. Often used along with fiches and contrats which are worth more.[35] See also chip.
Joker
A card, usually depicting a jester, used as the highest trump or as a wild card.[61]

K

 
Four Kings (Spanish-suited pack)
kibitzer
Onlooker at a card game.[62]
kind
See rank.
King
The highest court card, usually ranking between the Ace and the Queen.
king card
The best card remaining unplayed of the suit.[60] Also best card, commanding card and master card.
kitty
Additional cards dealt face down in some card games.
Knave
The Jack in certain card games. Also Valet.
knock
As the cutter, to tap the pack with a fist to indicate that you are satisfied with the shuffle and are happy not to cut the cards. Common informal practice in social or family circles in European countries.

L

Latin-suited pack
A pack of cards with the four suits: Swords, Batons, Cups and Coins. So-called because it originated in Spain and Italy. Compare with French and German-suited pack.
lay away
To discard after picking up the skat or widow.[61]
lay down
To meld a combination.[61]
lay off
To add cards to another player's melds or combinations.[9]
lead
  1. To play the first card of the trick.[9]
  2. The card played first to the trick.[63]
  3. The privilege of leading e.g. "A has the lead" or "A is on lead".[64]
 
Suit of Leaves
Leaves
One of the four suits in a German pack of cards.[1] Symbol:  
led card
The first card played to a trick. Sometimes called the leading card.
led suit
The suit of the first card played to a trick. The suit of the lead card.
lone hand, lone player
A player who chooses to play without the help of his partner's hand.[65]
long card
A card left in one's hand after all opponents are exhausted of that suit.[65] Similarly, long cards are the dregs of a suit which has been led several times and exhausted in the hands of other players.[60]
long suit
A suit containing more than four cards e.g. at Whist[60] or the suit with the most cards in a player's hand.[65]
loser
  1. A player who has lost a game.
  2. A losing card.[66]
losing card
A card that is unlikely to win a trick.[66]
low card
  1. A card of low rank
  2. A card of low value, especially in Tarot and Tarock games.[67]
lurch
A player is 'lurched' or 'in the lurch' in card games like Cribbage, Saunt or Cassino if they not only lose but fail to score a minimum number of points, typically half of a winning score. Being in the lurch typically costs double. Similar to schneider.[66][65]

M

march
Euchre term, from the German Marsch or Durchmarsch. To win every trick in a deal. The score for doing so. The same as slam.[65][66]
make
  1. Fulfil a contract.[66]
  2. Name the trump suit or contract.[66]
maker
The player who names the contract.[66] Also declarer or contractor.
master, master card
The best (i.e. highest) card left in a suit which has been played. Also best card, commanding card or king card.[68][65]
The highest card in play from a particular suit.[2]
matador
A top trump, sometimes with special privileges.[59] However, in some card games such as Skwitz, it is not a trump but a bonus-earning card. Any high trump.[65]
matsch
  1. A slam in certain Austrian or Bavarian games.
  2. Failing to win at least a quarter of the points available in some German games. Equivalent to a schneider.
meld
  1. Any scoring combination of cards announced, shown or played, e.g. three of a kind or a sequence of three or more cards.[45] A declaration of such a combination.[59]
  2. To make a meld.
misère
A contract or undertaking to lose every trick.[59] Also bettel, bettler or null.
mixed deal
A hand dealt wrongly. Or to make a mistake while dealing cards.
mord
A slam in certain Austrian or German games.
multipliers
Factors by which the base value of a declaration (and sometimes any bonuses) are multiplied to determine the value of a game.[69]

N

natural
Without the use of a wild.[69]
natural card
A card that is not wild[69]
natural order, natural ranking
The normal hierarchical sequence of cards within a suit. In a 52-card, French-suited pack the natural order is from Ace (high) to Two (low) i.e. A > K > Q > J > 10 … 2. In a 36-card German-suited pack, it is from Deuce ("Ace") to Seven i.e. D (A) > O > U > 10 … 7. Many games do not follow the natural order, for example, in Ace-Ten games the ranking is A > 10 > K > Q > J... or D (A) > 10 > K > O > U...
natural suit
The suit that a card would naturally belong to if not designated as e.g. a trump
negative game
A negative game or negative contract is one in which the aim is to:
  1. Avoid taking tricks[59]
  2. Lose every trick (as in Bettel or misère)[59]
  3. Avoid taking the highest number of points (as in a Räuber in games like Cego).
next, next suit
  1. The suit of the same colour as the trump suit e.g. in Euchre.[70][71]
  2. The suit paired with the trump suit e.g. in Schlauch. For this purpose Acorns are usually paired with Leaves and Hearts with Bells.
non-counter
A card which is not a counter i.e. has no scoring value.
null, null game
  1. In games of the Skat family, a contract in which the declarer undertakes to lose every trick.
  2. In Swedish Whist, a game in which both sides aim to take the fewest number of tricks.
numeral
A card for which the rank is a number (Ace usually counts as 1 in this case), as opposed to the court cards. Also pip. See also Pip (counting).

O

 
Four Obers
Ober
The court card usually ranking between the King and the Unter in a German-suited pack. The equivalent of the Queen in a French-suited pack. Formerly also Obermann ("overlord").
open
  1. To make the first bid, declaration or move.[69]
  2. To make the first bet.[69]
  3. To make the first lead of a suit.[69] "It was correct to open Diamonds..."
opening lead
The first lead of a deal.[69]
outbid
To bid higher than an earlier bidder. Same as overcall, but distinct from overbid.
ouvert(e)
A contract played with the player's hand of cards spread out face up on the table so it is visible to the other players[59]
overbid
  1. A bid of more than the value of the game.[69]
  2. Overcall.[69]
  3. An unduly optimistic bid.[69]
overcall
To bid higher than an earlier bidder. May take the form of a suit overcall (bid a higher-value suit e.g. in Preference), majority overcall (bid to take a higher number of tricks e.g. in Fipsen) or value overcall (bid to win more card points e.g. in Binokel)[59] The name of such a bid.[69]
overs
Excess points in e.g. Cassino.[72]
overshoot point
In point-trick games, a point in excess of the minimum needed to win the deal.
overtake
To play a card higher than the winning card played by your partner, unnecessary to win the trick but necessary to gain the lead. Not to be confused with cover, go over, head the trick or play over.
overtrick
  1. To take more tricks than bid or contracted.[59]
  2. A trick exceeding the bid.
overruff, overtrump
To play a trump higher than any previously played to the trick.[69]

P

pack
A complete set of cards. In English-speaking countries, a standard pack comprises 52 French-suited cards. In other countries, packs of 24, 32, 36, 40 or 48 cards are common as are German or Latin-suited packs. Also deck.
packet
A portion of a pack, less than the whole pack.[72]
pair royal
Three cards of the same denomination (rank).[73] Also called a 'prial' or 'triplet'. See set.
partie
A game which requires a specified number of deals to decide it,[73] especially at Piquet.[59] See also rubber.
partner
Another player with whom one shares a common score, and with whom one therefore cooperates in bidding and play.[72]
partnership
Two or more players who play jointly and win or lose together. May be 'fixed', in which case the players play together for the entire session, or 'floating', in which case partners vary from deal to deal, sometimes called an alliance. Also called a side or team.[59]
pass
  1. In bidding games, to make no bid. Usually called by saying "pass".
  2. In vying games to pass the privilege of betting first.
penalty
A score awarded for common violations of the rules of the game. It can be awarded either negatively to the violating player/partnership, or positively to their opponent(s)
penalty card
A card that incurs a penalty, usually a minus score, e.g. the Queen of Spades and all hearts in Black Lady.
penny ante
A game played for insignificant stakes.[72]
picture card
Usually the same as court card,[74] but can include the Aces as well.
pile
A set of cards placed on a surface so that they partially or completely overlap. Also stack.
pip
  1. A numeral.
  2. A suit symbol (e.g. ♠, ♥, ♦, ♣ or  ,  ,  ,  ) on a card.
  3. A card point in point-trick games. Not necessarily the same as the actual number of pips (symbols) on a pip card. Court cards also have a pip value.[75]
pip card
See numeral.
pip value
The numerical, index or face value of a card.[76]
plain card
a card other than a court card.[74]
plain suit
Any suit that is not a trump suit.[73]
play
  1. To contribute a card to a trick.[72]
  2. To move a card to a place on the table (either from the players hand, or from elsewhere on the table), in Patience games.[72]
  3. The card played or the move made.[72]
  4. The stage of the game during which the players' hands are depleted by plays to tricks or to a common pile, etc.[72] The "rules of play" are the rules for playing tricks, etc. e.g. stating that players must follow suit if able, otherwise may play any card (as at Whist).
  5. Betting in general.[72]
play over
To play a higher card.[72]
To cover i.e. play a higher card of the same suit.[72] Not to be confused with go over, head the trick or overtake.
pone
US term for non-dealer in some two-player card games e.g. Colonel[48] or the player on the dealer's right, who cuts the cards.[b][77]
pool
See pot.
positional priority
The priority a player has by virtue of his position in relation to the dealer and direction of play. Normally forehand or eldest hand has the highest priority, followed by the other players in the order of play. So, for example, in an auction if two players bid the same ranking contract and play is clockwise, the player nearest the dealer's left hand usually has priority.
 
A virapulla - traditional Swedish tin for holding gaming counters. The pot for gaming chips is in the reversible lid.
pot
  1. A container into which money or chips are paid initially and during a game and from which the winnings are paid out.[78]
  2. The contents of the pot. An accumulation of chips, antes, bets, forfeits, etc., to win which is the object of the game.[79]
preference
A bid in the preferred suit.[79]
preferred suit, preference suit
A suit that has bidding preference over the rest, as in Boston, Préférence or Fipsen.[79]
prial
A 'pair royal'. A set of three cards of the same rank.[9]
protection.
Cards that guard others, normally of higher rank.[79]
punter
Person who lays bets in a banking game.

Q

 
Four Queens
quart
A sequence of four cards of the same suit.[80]
quart major
The Ace, King, Queen and Jack of one suit.[80]
Queen
The court card ranking naturally between the King and the Jack or Knave. In Tarot and Tarock games, it ranks between the King and the Cavalier.
quinte or quint
A sequence of five cards of the same suit.[80]
quinte major or quint major
The Ace, King, Queen, Jack and Ten of one suit.[79]
quinte minor or quint minor
The King, Queen, Jack, Ten and Nine of one suit.[79]
quitted trick
A trick that has been taken and turned face down.[81]

R

raise
  1. To name a higher contract than one has called previously because one has been overcalled
  2. To increase one's stake
  3. To increase the game value
rank
The position of a card relative to others in the same suit. The order of the ranks depends on the game being played.
rearhand
  1. Usually refers to the player who sits to the right of the dealer in a four-handed, clockwise game.[82] However, in a three-hand play, rearhand is the dealer; the last active player to receive cards. Also called endhand.[36]
  2. The last player to the trick. Also said to be "in rearhand".
redeal
  1. A new deal by the same dealer after an irregularity.[79]
    A new deal of some of the cards, e.g. the wastepile in Patience games.[79]
  2. The action of dealing again.
redouble
To double, again, a bid that has already been doubled once.
reduce
To shed one's hand of deadwood e.g. in Rummy.[79]
regular pack
A pack of cards comprising suits each distinguished by a suit sign and divided into numeral and court cards, as opposed to a Tarot pack that has additional cards known variously as tarots, tarocks or tarocchi and which do not have suit signs, numerals and courts.[83]
renege
  1. To revoke.[72] This is the most common usage.
  2. To legally play a card of a suit other than the led suit.[78]
  3. To legally withhold a high trump when a lower trump is led.[79]
renounce
  1. To fail to follow suit legally because one is void; a void.[79] This is the most common usage.
  2. Of a suit, void.[79] Having none of the suit led.[84]
  3. To play a card of a different suit from the led suit. May be legal or not, depending on the rules.[78]
return
To lead back, usually the suit that partner led.
reversible
See double-ended.
revoke
  1. To fail to follow suit when able to do so and the rules require it. Normally incurs a penalty.[78][84]
  2. To breach the rules of following suit, trumping, heading or going over.[85]
rob
  1. To exchange a hand card for the trump turn-up.[80]
  2. To discard several cards in exchange for the remaining trumps in the pack.[80]
rotation
The direction of dealing, bidding and playing e.g. clockwise (to the left) is standard for American and English games. Anticlockwise (to the right) is common in traditional European games.[85]
round
  1. The events between the eldest player's action, and the youngest player's action of the same type (i.e. deal, bid, play), inclusive. A phase of play in which everyone has the same opportunity to perform such an action.[78]
  2. A series of hands in which each player has dealt only once.[49]
round game
One in which there are no partnerships and everyone plays for himself or herself.[80]
One playable by an indefinite number of players, typically 3 to 7.[78]
royal card
See court card.
rubber
A match consisting of a number of games, typically three.[78]
ruff
  1. To trump a suit[86] i.e. when a non-trump was led.
  2. An instance of ruffing.
  3. Historically, to rob the trump turnup.
run
A combination of three or more playing cards with consecutive rank values. Also called a sequence.[87]

S

sandbag
To withhold an action on a good hand in order to trap an opponent into greater loss.[85]
scat
See skat.
schmear
See smear.
schneider
When a player or team wins over 3/4 of the available card points in point-trick games, thus scoring a bonus. Typical of the Skat and Schafkopf families. The team scoring less than 1/4 of the points is said to be schneidered or 'in schneider'. The successful player or team is said to have won schneider. See also lurch.
schwarz
When a player or team wins every trick of the hand, thus scoring a bonus. The other side is said to be schwarzed. Common in games of the Skat and Schafkopf family.
seat
Position relative to the dealer: for example, in bridge, the dealer's left-hand opponent is said to be in second seat.
second hand
The second player in turn to call or play.[87]
second turn
The turning over of the second card of the skat for trump,[87] e.g. in Reunion or Skat.
see, seeing
To hold a higher bet in a vying game.
see saw
See cross-ruff.
selected suit
See chosen suit.
 
Sequence from Ace to Five
sequence
Three or more cards adjacent in rank. The adjectives ascending and descending may be applied (i.e. "building in ascending sequence" means "laying cards out so that each has the next highest rank to the previous one"). A sequence need not all be of the same suit. Also run.[87]
set
Three or more cards of the same rank.[88]
shed
To discard.[88]
short deck
See short pack.
short game
Any game in which not all the cards of a pack are put into play, e.g. kurzer or short Schafkopf which is played with 24 cards.[88]
short suit
A suit with less than four cards,[86] two cards or fewer than the average cards for the suit.[88]
short pack, shortened pack
A set of cards that has been reduced in size from a full pack (normally of 52 cards) by the removal of a certain card or cards.[89]
shuffle
Rearrange (a deck of cards) by sliding the cards over each other quickly.(verb)
An act of shuffling a deck of cards. (noun)
shut out
Defeated without a single point.[88]
side
See partnership.
side card
A card of a side suit; a non-trump.[88]
side money
A bet in a side pot.[90]
side payment
When players are primarily playing for the stakes in a pot, this is a separate payment directly from one player's pocket to another, for example to reward a bonus.
side pot
A pot that is separate from the main pot,[90] either for specific bonuses or used when the main pot reaches a certain limit.
side strength
A player with side strength has high cards in side suits.[90]
side suit
A suit that is not the trump suit; plain suit.[88]
signal
  1. Any convention of play whereby the team members properly give each other information as allowed by the rules.[88][90]
  2. Any permitted physical sign or gesture, such as winking or tapping the table when playing a card, that conveys information to one's partner(s).
single, singly
The basic, usually lowest, value of a game is described as 'single'. A game is won 'singly' if its value is not increased by bonus factors such as winning schneider which would double the score or winning schwarz which might quadruple it.
single-ended, single-figured, single-headed
Of a playing card, being designed so that it can only be properly read one way up. There are usually no indices and the courts depict full length figures. Today they have been largely replaced by double-ended or reversible cards.
singleton
Only one card of a suit.[19]
skat or scat
  1. Widow; extra cards dealt to the table which may be used for exchanging later. Also blind.[88]
  2. Note that, in German, 'skat' can also mean void i.e. lacking any cards of a given suit and therefore 'seeking the skat' means looking for an opponent's void suit.[91]
slam
Winning every trick. Sometimes called a 'grand slam', with a 'little slam' being every trick bar one.[78] Also called a march (e.g. Euchre), mord (e.g. Brandle and Grasobern), durch or durchmarsch, (e.g. Skat and Schafkopf), matsch, tout or vole.
sleeping
Said of cards that are not in play because e.g. they are in the unused part of the pack.[2] See active.
sluff or slough
To discard.[92] To play a card of little or no value.[93]
smear or schmear
To play a high-scoring card to a trick if it is likely to be won by one's partner, especially in Schafkopf or Sheepshead. Also fatten.[92]
sneak
Lead a singleton in order to be able to trump (ruff) the second round of the suit.[86]
soft score
A game played for 'soft score' – as opposed to hard score is one played for anything other than money, usually points. The score may be chalked on a slate, recorded with pencil and paper. Equally, counters, tokens or chips or even matches may be used.
solo
  1. A hand contract i.e. one played without the aid of the skat or widow.[92]
  2. A contract played alone against the combined efforts of all other players.[78]
soloist
Player who plays a solo.
sous-forcer
See underforce.
 
Suit of Spades (French-pattern pack, Écarté ranking)
Spades
One of the four suits in a French pack of cards.[9] Symbol:  
spot card
See numeral
squeeze
In trick-taking game, a player is 'squeezed' if he has to weaken himself in either of 2 suits, but has no way of deciding which.[94]
stack
A pile of cards, less than the whole pack, placed on top of each other and usually face down.
stake
  1. The money, counters or chips that a player places during a game.[92]
  2. The agreed monetary amount to be paid for each point, game or rubber.[92]
staking board
A board with compartments, cards or marked areas on which stakes are laid during a game as in Newmarket or Poch.
staking layout
A marked-out area on the table or a set of face-up cards on which stakes are placed.
stand
  1. Refuse to draw additional cards.[92]
  2. Accept the turn-up as trump.[92]
  3. Remain in the current deal or pot, as opposed to drop.[92]
stay
  1. Remain in the current deal or pot, as opposed to drop.[92]
  2. Refuse to draw additional cards.[92] Also stick.
stick
Stand fast and refuse to draw additional cards.
stock
A pile of cards, face down, which are left over after setting up the rest of the game (i.e. dealing hands, setting up other layout areas) and will be used in the rest of the game.[95] Also talon.
stop, stop card
A card which, when played, ends a sequence of cards on the table or a card that is undealt whose absence prevents the completion of a sequence. Gives its name to the Stops family of games.[92]
Stops family, Stops group
A family or group of matching games in which cards must be played in ascending sequence and usually in suit. The aim is to be first to shed all one's cards. The cards out of play or which terminate the sequence are called stops. Examples include Comet, Pope Joan, Michigan, Newmarket and Yellow Dwarf.[96]
suit
Any of the sets of cards in a pack that share the same pip symbol. For examples see French-suited pack, German-suited pack and Latin-suited pack.
 
Trey of Swords
sweetener
  1. An additional stake anted to the pot in Poker to encourage players to stay in the game.[97]
  2. A small bet in Poker not meant to cause an opponent to fold but to build up the pot.[98]
  3. An agreed amount that everyone pays into the pot following an auction in which all passed e.g. in Schafkopf. The pot goes to the next player to win a bid.[99]
sweep
  1. In fishing games to clear the table by capturing all the table cards upon it at that time. Usually earns a bonus.
  2. The cards so captured.
swing
  1. Lead the master card of a suit.[92]
  2. One of an unbroken sequence of cards from the top of the suit downwards.[92]
Swords
One of the four suits in a Latin-suited pack of cards.[1] Symbol:   or  

T

tableau
Layout of face-up table cards in games like Yellow Dwarf, Zwicker and games of the Patience family. See Glossary of patience terms.
talon
The undealt portion of the pack which will be used in the rest of the game.[95] Also stock.[94]
 
Hand of Tarock cards
Tarocchi
Trump cards in tarot games of Italian origin. Also Tarock or Tarocchi in games from other countries.
Tarock
A trump card in tarot games of Austrian or German origin. Also Tarot or Tarocchi in games from other countries. Also spelt Taroc or Tarok.
Tarot
A trump card in tarot games of French origin. Also Tarock or Tarocchi in games from other countries.
team
See partnership.
tenace
A combination of high cards not in sequence. Major tenace: A-Q (or K-C in Tarock games); minor tenace: K-J (or Q-J in Tarock games); double tenace: A-Q-10 (or K-C-10/A in Tarock games).[100]
throw in
To return cards to the dealer if, for example, no-one makes a bid or if the cards are misdealt.
throw off
To discard or smear.[100]
touching
Said of cards that are adjacent in rank.[101]
tout
Winning all the tricks in European games. Also durch, durchmarsch, march, matsch, slam or vole.
Trey
The Three of any suit. Also 'three-spot'.[19]
trick
See Trick-taking game. A set of cards played by each player in turn, during the play of a hand.
triplet
Three of a kind.[100]
tripleton
Three cards of a suit in the hand.[100]
trump
  1. A privileged card whose trick-taking power is greater than any plain suit card.[100]
  2. The trump suit.[100]
  3. A card in the special suit of trumps found in tarot packs such as the Tarot Nouveau.
  4. To play a trump after a plain suit has been led.[100] Also ruff.
trump suit
A privileged suit in which, in the current deal, all its cards rank higher than any plain (=non-trump) card.[100]
turn the corner
Said of a sequence of cards when the top card (typically the Ace or King) is preceded by high cards on one side and low cards on the other e.g. 3-2-A-K-Q-J.
turn-up, turnup
A card turned up at the start of a game to determine the trump suit.[94]

U

ultimo
Winning the last trick with the lowest trump[102] or, sometimes, with a King.
unchosen suit
In games of the Karnöffel Group, a suit, usually ranking in the natural order, most of all of whose cards have no special privileges, in contrast to the chosen suits. Sometimes called an unselected suit.[29]
underforce or under-force
To answer a card with one of the same suit, but inferior value to those remaining in hand; e.g. putting the Nine of Clubs on the Ten, having the Ace in hand.[103] Also under-force, under-play or sous-forcer.[104]
underlead
To lead a low card when holding the top card or cards in a suit.
underplay or under-play
  1. To lead or follow suit with a lower card when holding a higher one; hold up; refuse to cover.[102]
  2. See underforce.
undershoot point
In point-trick games, a point shy of the minimum needed to win the deal.
undertrick
  1. To fall short of the declared number of tricks.[102]
  2. A trick short of the bid.
unguarded
Unprotected by another, usually lower, card of the same suit. See also blank.
unload
To get rid of dangerous cards from one's hand.[101]
 
Four Unters
unselected suit
See unchosen suit.
Unter
The court card usually ranking between the Ober and the Ten in a German-suited pack. The equivalent of the Jack in a French-suited pack. Formerly also Untermann ("underling").
upcard
  1. A card laid on the table face-up.[102]
  2. The top card of a pile, turned face up.[74]

V

Valet
The Jack in certain card games. Also Knave.
value
See card points
variant
A game version whose aim, mechanism of play, equipment or tactics are sufficiently different for it to be viewed as a separate, albeit related, game.
variation
  1. A game version in which there are minor rule differences, but in which the aim, mechanism of play and tactics remain the same.
  2. A minor rule difference.
vie, vying
To claim you have, or will have, the best hand and stake money on it. Vying includes an element of bluffing.[105]
void
Having no card of a given suit. Also blank suit.[94]
To discard all cards of a given suit.
vole
Winning all the tricks in some English and European games. Also durch, durchmarsch, march, matsch, slam or tout.

W

wastepile or waste-pile
A pile of discards or cards that a player is unable to play. Also discard pile.
whitewashed
Losing without scoring a point.[106] See also schwarz.
widow
American term for a blind or skat.[107] Hand of cards dealt face down on the table at the start of play that may subsequently be used by players to exchange cards.[94]
wild card
A card that may be designated by the owner to represent any other card.[102] A Joker is often used as a wild card, but can also have other uses.

Y

youngest
The last player to play before the eldest player's second turn. Some family games will use eldest and youngest to refer to the players' actual ages.

Game-specific glossaries

A few games or families of games have enough of their own specific terminology to warrant their own glossaries:

Footnotes

  1. ^ The term is frequently used, for example, by David Parlett in this sense e.g. "...details of play vary from circle to circle...", "Some circles play with winking...", "Many circles proscribe Jokers in initial melds..", "One of the most popular of the 'fancy' games in domestic circles...", "Bridge-playing circles", "Poker circles".[30]
  2. ^ Play being assumed to be left to right

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Parlett 2008, pp. xiv–xv.
  2. ^ a b c Arnold 2007, p. 203.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Phillips 1957, p. 395.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Parlett 2008, p. 642.
  5. ^ a b c Dummett 1980, p. 245.
  6. ^ a b Goren 1950, p. 590.
  7. ^ Moss 1995, p. 94.
  8. ^ Goren 1950, p. 591.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glossary of Card Game Terms at www.catsatcards.com. Retrieved 11 August 2018
  10. ^ Kansil 2001, p. 316.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g Kansil 2001, p. 317.
  12. ^ Parlett 2008, p. 591.
  13. ^ Goren 1950, p. 592.
  14. ^ Foster 1897, p. 674.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957, p. 396.
  16. ^ „Bete“ In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Band 2. Leipzig 1905, S. 765.
  17. ^ „Mistigri“ In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Vol. 13. Leipzig 1908, p. 907.
  18. ^ Goren 1950, p. 593.
  19. ^ a b c d e Galt, David. Card Game Glossary at entertainment.howstuffworks.com. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
  20. ^ Goren 1950, p. 595.
  21. ^ a b Foster 1897, p. 675.
  22. ^ Golick 1998, p. 120.
  23. ^ a b Arnold 2007, p. 386.
  24. ^ Arnold 2011, p. 386.
  25. ^ a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957, p. 397.
  26. ^ von Gumpoldskirchen (1875), p. 9.
  27. ^ Le Briscan at academiedesjeux.jeuxsoc.fr. Retrieved 11 Jan 2019.
  28. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Phillips 1957, p. 398.
  29. ^ a b Karnöffel Group at pagat.com. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
  30. ^ a b Parlett 2008.
  31. ^ Foster 1897, p. 676.
  32. ^ Forbes-Lindsay & Bergholt 1902, p. 463.
  33. ^ Dyche & Pardon 1740.
  34. ^ Euchre at ohioeuchre.com. Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  35. ^ a b c Mouche for example. Retrieved 5 June 2022.
  36. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957, p. 400.
  37. ^ a b c d e Golick 1998, p. 121.
  38. ^ a b c Foster 1897, p. 677.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957, p. 399.
  40. ^ a b Kansil 2001, p. 320.
  41. ^ a b c d e f Parlett 2008, p. 643.
  42. ^ Arnold 2011, p. 388.
  43. ^ Svetou, Nicolae (2014), p. 9.
  44. ^ Dawson, L. (2013), p. 20.
  45. ^ a b Moss 1995, p. 95.
  46. ^ Dummett 1980, p. 562.
  47. ^ Jackson 2001, p. 7.
  48. ^ a b Rummy Glossary at www.rummy-games.com. Retrieved 29 Nov 2019.
  49. ^ a b Dummett & McLeod (2003), pp. 4–9.
  50. ^ a b c d e Foster 1897, p. 678.
  51. ^ Parlett 2008, p. 648.
  52. ^ a b Gibson 1974, p. 386.
  53. ^ Parlett 1979, p. 27.
  54. ^ Weber 1840, p. 310.
  55. ^ Heinsius 1828, p. 861.
  56. ^ a b c d e f g Phillips 1957, p. 401.
  57. ^ a b c d e f Phillips 1957, p. 402.
  58. ^ Arnold 2007, p. 390.
  59. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Parlett 2008, p. 644.
  60. ^ a b c d Foster 1897, p. 680.
  61. ^ a b c Phillips 1957, p. 403.
  62. ^ Parlett 2008, p. xxv.
  63. ^ Arnold 1988, p. vii.
  64. ^ Arnold 1988, p. 176.
  65. ^ a b c d e f g Phillips 1957, p. 404.
  66. ^ a b c d e f g Kansil 2001, p. 325.
  67. ^ Dummett 1980, pp. 199/200.
  68. ^ Foster 1897, p. 681.
  69. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957, p. 405.
  70. ^ When to Bid at cimpress.io. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  71. ^ What Card to Lead in Euchre at thesprucecrafts.com. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  72. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957, p. 406.
  73. ^ a b c Foster 1897, p. 682.
  74. ^ a b c Arnold 2011.
  75. ^ Pardon 1864, p. 44.
  76. ^ Kansil 2001, p. 327.
  77. ^ Foster 1897, p. 621.
  78. ^ a b c d e f g h i Parlett 2008, p. 645.
  79. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957, p. 407.
  80. ^ a b c d e f Foster 1897, p. 683.
  81. ^ Kansil 2001, p. 328.
  82. ^ Hinterhand beim Kartenspiel at www.kartenspiele-regeln.de. Retrieved 28 Jun 2020.
  83. ^ Dummett 1980, p. 7.
  84. ^ a b "B" (1858), p. 24.
  85. ^ a b c Phillips 1957, p. 408.
  86. ^ a b c Foster 1897, p. 684.
  87. ^ a b c d Kansil 2001, p. 329.
  88. ^ a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957, p. 409.
  89. ^ Arnold 2011, p. 394.
  90. ^ a b c d Kansil 2001, p. 330.
  91. ^ _ 1881, pp. 50–51.
  92. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Phillips 1957, p. 410.
  93. ^ Sluff at onlineslangdictionary.com. Retrieved 19 March 2021.
  94. ^ a b c d e Parlett 2008, p. 646.
  95. ^ a b Foster 1897, p. 685.
  96. ^ Card Games: Stops Group at pagat.com. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  97. ^ Silberstang 1972, p. 18.
  98. ^ Pot Sweetener at pokerstrategy.com. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  99. ^ Parlett 2008, p. 229.
  100. ^ a b c d e f g h Phillips 1957, p. 411.
  101. ^ a b Kansil 2001, p. 332.
  102. ^ a b c d e Phillips 1957, p. 412.
  103. ^ Crawley 1866, p. 103.
  104. ^ Walker 1838, p. 31.
  105. ^ Parlett 2008, pp. 555–556.
  106. ^ Foster 1897, p. 686.
  107. ^ Dummett 1980, p. 570.

Literature

• _ (1881). Ausführliche anleitung zum Deutschtarokspielen. Munich: Cäsar Fritsch. 88 pp.

  • Arnold, Peter (1988) [1995]. The Book of Card Games. New York: Barnes and Noble. ISBN 1-56619-950-6.
  • Arnold, Peter (2007). Chambers Card Games: 100 Great Games Illustrated and Explained. Edinburgh: Chambers. ISBN 0550103368. Retrieved 12 December 2022 – via Open Library.
  • Arnold, Peter (2011). Card Games for One. London: Chambers. ISBN 978-0550-10201-0.
  • Crawley, Rawdon (1866). Beeton's Handy Book of Games. London: Beeton.
  • Dawson, L. (2013) [1923]. Hoyles Card Games. London: Routledge.
  • Dummett, Sir Michael (1980). The Game of Tarot. London: Duckworth.
  • Dummett, Michael; McLeod, John (2003). A History of Games Played with the Tarot Pack: The Game of Triumphs. Vol. 1. Lewiston, NY / Lampeter, Wales / Queenston, Ontario: Edwin Mellen.
  • Dyche, Thomas; Pardon, William (1740). A New General English Dictionary (Third ed.). London: Ware.
  • Forbes-Lindsay, Charles Harcourt Ainslie; Bergholt, Ernest (1902). The Principles and Practice of Whist. H.T. Coates.
  • Foster, Robert Frederick (1897). Foster's Complete Hoyle (Third ed.). New York / London: Frederick A. Stokes.
  • Golick, Margie (1998). Card Games for Smart Kids. New York: Sterling. ISBN 978-0-8069-4887-4.
  • Goren, Charles (1950). Goren's Hoyle. NY: Greystone.
  • Heinsius, Theodor (1828). Vollständiges Wörterbuch, A–F, Volume 1. Vienna: Christian Friedrich Schade.
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  • Pardon, George Frederick (1864). The Card Player. London: Routledge, Warne & Routledge.
  • Parlett, David (1979). The Penguin Book of Patience. London: Penguin.
  • Parlett, David (2008). The Penguin Book of Card Games. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-141-03787-5.
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  • Sfetcu, Nicolae (2014). Bridge Bidding (Multimedia).
  • Silberstang, Edwin (1972). Playboy Book of Games.
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  • Walker, G. W., ed. (1838). The Philidorian. Sherwood, London.
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March 03, 2023
glossary, card, game, terms, following, glossary, terms, used, card, games, besides, terms, listed, here, there, thousands, common, uncommon, slang, terms, terms, this, glossary, should, game, specific, specific, bridge, hearts, poker, rummy, apply, wide, rang. The following is a glossary of terms used in card games Besides the terms listed here there are thousands of common and uncommon slang terms Terms in this glossary should not be game specific e g specific to Bridge Hearts Poker or Rummy but apply to a wide range of card games For glossaries that relate primarily to one game or family of similar games see Game specific glossaries Hand of cards during a game Contents Top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZA EditAceThe card with one pip in a pack of cards Usually the highest card of a suit ranking immediately above the King May also occupy the lowest rank Commonly refers to the Deuce or Two in German suited packs which don t have real Aces Often the highest card of a suit Suit of Acorns Acorns One of the four suits in a German suited pack of cards 1 Symbol activeA card that is in play i e not sleeping 2 See active player active playerA player who receives cards in the current deal i e is not sitting out because there are more players than the game is designed for as in four hand Skat or five hand Schafkopf 3 A player who has not withdrawn from the current deal but elected to play on as in Rams or Poker 3 adversary Any opposing player especially in two hand games or an opponent of the declarer See defenders 3 adverse Pertaining to an adversary or opponent e g an adverse lead is one made by an opponent adverse trumps are those held by one s opponent s 3 age Order of priority for leading betting or bidding starting from the player next to the dealer 4 See eldest and youngest alliance A temporary partnership that lasts only for the current deal or hand 4 e g Prop and Cop in Solo Whist or the normal game in Schafkopf alone Playing without the help of a partner See declarer and soloist 3 announce See declare 3 announcementOften used in both senses of declaration However Dummett prefers to restrict announcement for the intention to achieve certain feats in play while preferring declaration for a statement that one has a special combination of cards in one s hand 5 anteA mandatory stake made before the game begins usually by all players sometimes by the dealer only 4 Chips required to be put into the pot before the deal 6 To put in such chips 6 around the corner Phrase that describes sequences or runs that are built either side of the Ace e g Q K A 2 3 4 7 auction The period of bidding 8 The phase in some card games where players may bid to lead the game or bid on a certain hand or privilege in that hand such as naming the trump suit The player with the highest bid wins the auction and plays his chosen game or exercises his privilege Often used in trick taking games 9 B Edit The banking game of Faro 1895 Suit of Bells balanced hand A hand of cards with no void suit singleton or very long suit 10 banker Also called the house or the bank the person responsible for distributing chips keeping track of the buy ins and paying winners at the end of a banking game A dealer against whom the punters bet 11 3 banking game A less skilled card game of the gambling type in which one or more punters play against a banker who controls the game 12 base value A constant factor in working out the value of a game e g Skat 13 batch See packet Batons One of the four suits in a Latin suited pack of cards 1 Symbol or beater Term used in games of the Karnoffel family for quasi trump cards able to beat those of lower rank or with no powers at all belle The last game of the rubber 14 Bells One of the four suits in a German pack of cards 1 Symbol best Highest ranking 11 best card Highest card of a suit not yet played The commanding card master card Also king card 15 betAny wager on the outcome of a deal or game any chips put in a pot to put chips in a pot 15 The first bet in a betting interval 15 bete bate bete or beet A penalty payment in certain games for e g for failing to take the minimum number of tricks or for a stake or money which a player has lost 16 A player who fails to takes a single trick in Mistigri 17 Likewise in Mauscheln if the declarer or Mauschler fails to win a trick he is the Mauschlerbete Failure to make a contract 15 Conceding defeat without playing 18 Double bete a double penalty usually for failing to make a contract after choosing to play out the cards 15 bettel or bettler Bid or contract to win no tricks Also misere 4 bidAn offer to win a minimum or specified number of tricks or points or the privilege of naming the trump suit or the game 19 15 To make a bid 15 bidderAny player who makes a bid 11 The player who makes the highest bid and plays out his announced contract 11 blankIn card point games a card that is worth no points A non counter 4 A hand with no court cards i e only pip cards 4 A card that is unguarded by other usually lower cards in the same suit I held the blank king of spades citation needed To discard in such a way as to leave a card unprotected She blanked the King of Spades citation needed To void a suit 20 blank suit A suit of which one holds no cards A void suit To blank a suit is to get rid of all the cards of that suit from one s hand 15 blaze A hand consisting only of court cards 15 blind See skat or widow blocking Blocking a suit is keeping a high card back so that the player with a number of smaller cards cannot win tricks with them 21 bluffTo attempt to deceive one s opponent s about the value of cards in one s hand 22 To use various tactics to mislead one s opponent s about the distribution of cards or one s strategy build To add cards to those already on the table in order to extend a set or sequence 9 bonus An extra amount added to a player s score for the game for holding or winning certain cards 9 or for achieving certain goals such as Schneider Bower The Jack of the trump suit or the Jack of the same colour as the trump suit e g in Euchre or Reunion Left Bower the Jack of the same colour as the trump suit 23 Right Bower the Jack of the trump suit 23 dd bring in a suit Make tricks in a plain suit after the adverse trumps are exhausted 21 bury a card To place a card in the middle of the pack or discard pile so that it cannot be easily located 11 buyTo receive a card from the dealer face down in return for a stake e g in Twenty One 24 To receive or draw the spare hand skat or widow in return for one s own hand and possibly a stake e g in Newmarket 25 To receive or pick up a card or cards in return for a hand card or cards e g in Preference when the 2 talon cards are picked up and 2 discarded To draw cards from the stock or talon 25 C Edit Cavalier from a Tarock pack call To declare bid or pass Any such declaration 25 capture To pick up or take cards during play often as part of a trick captain the player who directs the play of his team or who has the final decision in certain partnership games 25 card money The charge levied by an establishment on the playing of card games 26 card points The scoring value of a card or cards in point trick games 4 Card points are used to determine the winner of a hand based on the value of individual cards won Not to be confused with game points Sometimes called pips card value See card points carte blanche A hand with no court cards see blank for example in Piquet 4 Comet or Bezique or with either no court cards or no pip cards in Briscan 27 case card The last remaining card of a denomination left in play 11 Cavalier The court card in certain card packs that usually ranks below the Queen and above the Jack 25 chicane A hand with no trumps 4 chip A token used in place of money a counter to put chips in the pot 28 Also jeton chosen suit A suit characterised by a disturbed ranking and in which some cards have privileges over cards of the unchosen suits or special powers when led Chosen suits are found in most games of the Karnoffel group Sometimes called a selected suit Sometimes also misnamed a trump suit 29 circle A local group of card players who meet regularly to play a particular game a Suit of Clubs clearEstablish a card or suit by forcing out adverse higher cards or stoppers 28 Having taken no penalty cards e g in Hearts 28 close To bar further use of the talon by turning the trump card over and placing it on the top in card games such as Sixty Six and Schnapsen 28 Clubs One of the four suits in a French suited or Spanish suited pack of cards 9 1 Symbol or coat card Original term for court card now obsolete 28 coffee housing To talk and act in order to mislead one s opponents about one s cards 28 7 of Coins Coins One of the four suits in a Latin suited pack of cards 1 Symbol or color colour In French suited packs this is the colour of the suit symbols which is red for Hearts and Diamonds and black for Clubs and Spades combination Two or more cards that score a bonus when melded Often called a meld 28 command The best card of a suit usually applied to suits which the adversary is trying to establish 31 See best card king card and master card commanding cardThe best card of a suit in play 32 Also best card king card or master card The top trump or highest matador such as the Knave of Clubs in Knave Noddy 33 or the Right Bower in Euchre 34 compendium game A game in which a number of different contracts is played in succession e g Barbu Quodlibet and Poch 30 contract An agreement or obligation to play a certain type of game to win a certain number of points or tricks in a hand round or game 19 contractor The highest bidder who then plays out his contract 11 contrat A short rectangular counter or chip used in some French card games and Danish Tarok that is worth a number of jetons or fiches typically 100 jetons 35 counterObject used to score Token used in place of money a chip 28 Also jeton Card with a point value Also counting card 4 counting cardA card that has an intrinsic scoring value when taken in a trick Also counter 36 count outDuring play to claim to have enough points for game thus ending the play to go out during the play 28 court card One of the picture cards i e a King Queen or Jack in a French pack 37 a King Ober or Unter in a German pack or a King Queen Cavalier and Valet in a Tarot pack Also face card picture card or royal card Originally coat card cover To play a higher card of the same suit than any previously played to the trick 28 Also play over but that can also mean to play any higher card Not to be confused with go over head the trick or overtake cross ruff Two partners alternately trumping a different suit 38 Ace of Cups cross suit Suit of the opposite colour 39 Cups One of the four suits in a Latin suited pack of cards 1 Symbol or cut To divide the deck into two parts usually after shuffling Cards may also be cut to determine who deals or which suit is trumps 37 D Editdead card One that cannot be used in the play 40 deadwood Unmatched cards remaining in the hand e g in Rummy 39 dealVerb To distribute cards to players in accordance with the rules of the card game being played 41 In many games this involves picking up all the cards shuffling them having them cut and redistributing them but in other games such as Patience games it simply involves turning over the wastepile to act as a new stock Noun The play from the time the cards are dealt until they are redealt 41 Also referred to as a handdealer The person whose turn and responsibility it is to deal the cards 39 deck May refer either to the pack 39 or the stock talon declarationAnnouncement of melds or scoring combinations as in Piquet 39 Dummett prefers to restrict declaration to this sense while preferring announcement for the intention to achieve certain feats in play i e the 2nd meaning below 5 The game at which a deal is played 39 A call or bid 42 declareTo bid or to announce the trump 25 To announce predict schneider or schwarz 25 To meld or show 25 To count out 25 Note Dummett prefers to restrict announce for the intention to achieve certain feats in play while using declare for a statement that one has a special combination of cards in one s hand 5 declarer In a contract game the highest bidder who then tries to achieve the announced contract 41 declaring side declaring team The side that wins the auction 43 The player who made the highest bid and his or her partner who join forces to achieve the announced contract 44 defenders The opponents of the declarer s in card games like Bridge or Skat 9 Originally those defending the pool see Pigott s Hoyle 1800 denomination The rank of a card e g 2 3 4 etc 45 Suit of Diamonds Deuce The Two of any suit 41 In German suited packs the Deuce is nowadays usually called the Ace despite having 2 suit symbols 46 In Austria and Bavaria usually called the Sow Sau Diamonds One of the four suits in a French pack of cards 9 Symbol discardTo get rid of plain suit cards when unable to follow suit and unwilling or unable to trump 38 To lay away cards e g of high value or to void a suit after picking up from the talon or skat 39 A card that is removed from the hand in either of those ways 39 discard pile The pile of cards already rejected by players 37 The common pile of discarded cards 39 Also wastepile double redouble To increase the game value by a factor of 2 Redoubling effectively quadruples the original game value double ended double figured double headed Of a playing card being designed to be read either way up by having indices at each end and in the case of court cards dividing the picture horizontally or diagonally and displaying only the upper part of the figure at each end Also reversible See single ended doubleton Only two cards of the same suit in the hand 38 downcard A card lying face down 47 draw To take a card from the stock talon 37 Also buy e g in Rummy 48 draw lots To select e g the first dealer by letting players choose a card at random from the fanned pack or by cutting the packdrop To withdraw from the current deal to discard one s hand rather than stake enough chips to stay in the game 36 dummy dummy hand A hand dealt to an imaginary extra player and often played out according to certain rules 41 durch durchmarsch See march E EditelderSitting at the left when the rotation is clockwise 36 Non dealer in two hand play 36 eldestOf several players the one nearest the dealer s left when the rotation is clockwise May not necessarily be eldest hand Short for eldest hand eldest hand This is the player to the left of the dealer in games that are played clockwise or to the right of the dealer in those played anti clockwise and who is usually first to bid or declare and play 36 The first player to play in the round Called forehand in many games empty card In Tarock games a card without a special point value usually a pip card but sometimes also an ordinary trump i e not one of the Trull cards 49 endhand See rearhand entrump To make a particular suit trumps 41 establish To make cards the best by forcing out adverse higher cards to clear 36 established suit A suit is established if when you or your partner can take every trick in it regardless of who leads 50 exit To relinquish the lead force another player to win the trick 36 F EditfaceThe side of a card depicting its rankTo turn a card so that its rank is visible and its back underneathface card See court card face down With the denomination side of the card downwards and its back upwards faceup US A card positioned so that it reveals its suit and value 37 Also upcard 51 face value The marked value of a card Also pip value Court cards are usually take to have a value of 10 the Ace 1 or 11 9 fall of the cards The identity and order in which cards are played especially as it gives an indication of the location of unplayed cards 36 fanTo spread cards fanwise 52 To spread a hand or pack of cards face up in an arc so that they can be identified from their corner indices Alternatively to spread them face down in order to enable players to draw lots in order for example to choose teams or the first dealer An arc of cards so fanned A spread of face up cards 52 In Patience a small number of cards laid in an overlapping row so that only one is exposed 53 fatten To discard counting cards to one s partner s tricks 50 Also smear fat trick A trick that is rich in counting cards 36 fiche A long rectangular counter used in some French card games and Danish Tarok that is worth a number of jetons typically 10 or 20 See also contrat 35 finesse An attempt to take a trick with a card that is not the best of the suit 50 Flush of Diamonds first handThe leader to a trick 36 The first player to call 40 Eldest hand 36 flush Cards of the same suit 50 foldTo withdraw or surrender the current hand or game 9 To withdraw from the auction having been overcalled follow suit To play a card of the led suit 19 forceTo compel a player to trump a trick in order to win it 50 A player may force out trumps by leading a long plain suit in which the opponent is void A compulsory round or deal in which all players must play and none may drop out Also known in German games as a muss See Schafkopf forehandAnother term for eldest hand usually in card games originating from Europe The player who is usually first to receive cards bid and play Sits to the left of the dealer in clockwise games and right of the dealer in anticlockwise games The player who has the right to lead to a trick Also said to be in forehand French suited pack A pack of cards with the four suits Clubs Spades Hearts and Diamonds So called because it originated in France but now used worldwide Compare with German and Latin suited pack The standard 52 card pack consists of French suited cards which may be of various patterns English International Belgian Genoese Dondorf Swedish etc free cardA card with special privileges when led to a trick e g the Sevens in Bruus or the Eights and Nines in Knuffeln A card that cannot be beaten because all the trumps have been exhausted 54 55 A card that cannot be beaten because all the trumps and higher cards have been played G EditgameA pastime in general usually involving some form of competing 56 A variant of a basic game e g Gin Rummy or Wendish Schafkopf 56 A bid declaration or contract 56 A period in a session of play which results in a winner 56 The target number of points as in game is 100 points 56 Fulfilment of the declared contract as in their team made game 56 A style or system of play 56 game points In point trick games the score awarded to the players based on the outcome of a hand the game value of a contract and any bonuses earned Game points are accumulated or deducted to decide the overall winner Not to be confused with card points game value The amount a contract is worth in points or hard scoreGerman suited pack A pack of cards with the four suits Acorns Leaves Hearts and Bells So called because it originated in Germany Such packs are common in Austria Germany north Italy Hungary and several other countries in eastern Europe Compare with French and Latin suited pack good Concession by a player that he or she accepts the bid and does not wish to bid against it May be announced with good go out To finish playing in the current deal because a you have got rid of all your cards e g in Rummy or Domino or b you have achieved the tricks or points needed to win e g in Fipsen or Sixty Six go overTo bid higher overcall 57 To play a higher card than any so far played to the trick 57 Also head the trick or play over but that can also mean to play a higher card of the same suit Not to be confused with cover or overtake guard One or more cards that protect a high card 58 A high card may be singly guarded twice guarded etc H EdithandThe cards held by one player playing hand The player holding the cards as in Third hand bid 1 Synonymous with the noun usage of deal hand card A card held in the hand as opposed to one on the table hand game or handplay A type of contract in certain games in which the skat or widow is not used See Hand game cards 57 hard score A game played for hard score as opposed to those played for soft score is one played for money Coins may be used to stake alternatively chips or counters with an agreed monetary value may be utilised head the trick To play a better i e higher card than any already played to the trick 57 Also go over or play over but that can also mean to play a higher card of the same suit Not to be confused with cover or overtake Suit of Hearts Swedish pattern pack Hearts One of the four suits in a French pack or German pack of cards 9 1 Symbols or hold As an earlier bidder in the auction to match a higher bid thus retaining the right to play a contract hold up To refrain from playing a high card 57 Also hold back honour A card attracting a bonus score or side payment usually to the player or team for holding and declaring them but sometimes for capturing them in play 59 From the French honneur See matador house See banker I Editindex The number or letter printed in the corner of a playing card so that it may be read when held in a fan 57 in turn A player or an action is said to be in turn if that player is expected to act next under the rules Jerry said check while he was in turn so he s not allowed to raise invite To lead a small card of the long suit 60 J Edit Wooden counters Jetons are round fiches are long and contrats are short and rectangular jan jann The equivalent of lurch or schneider in north German or Scandinavian games It may mean losing without taking a trick as in games of the Bruus family or scoring less than 1 4 of the points as in games of the Sjavs family Jack The court card ranking naturally between the Queen and the Ten Also called the Knave or Valet in certain card games jeton A circular counter which forms the basic unit of scoring or payment especially in French card games Often used along with fiches and contrats which are worth more 35 See also chip Joker A card usually depicting a jester used as the highest trump or as a wild card 61 K Edit Four Kings Spanish suited pack kibitzer Onlooker at a card game 62 kind See rank King The highest court card usually ranking between the Ace and the Queen king card The best card remaining unplayed of the suit 60 Also best card commanding card and master card kitty Additional cards dealt face down in some card games Knave The Jack in certain card games Also Valet knock As the cutter to tap the pack with a fist to indicate that you are satisfied with the shuffle and are happy not to cut the cards Common informal practice in social or family circles in European countries L EditLatin suited pack A pack of cards with the four suits Swords Batons Cups and Coins So called because it originated in Spain and Italy Compare with French and German suited pack lay away To discard after picking up the skat or widow 61 lay down To meld a combination 61 lay off To add cards to another player s melds or combinations 9 leadTo play the first card of the trick 9 The card played first to the trick 63 The privilege of leading e g A has the lead or A is on lead 64 Suit of Leaves Leaves One of the four suits in a German pack of cards 1 Symbol led card The first card played to a trick Sometimes called the leading card led suit The suit of the first card played to a trick The suit of the lead card lone hand lone player A player who chooses to play without the help of his partner s hand 65 long card A card left in one s hand after all opponents are exhausted of that suit 65 Similarly long cards are the dregs of a suit which has been led several times and exhausted in the hands of other players 60 long suit A suit containing more than four cards e g at Whist 60 or the suit with the most cards in a player s hand 65 loserA player who has lost a game A losing card 66 losing card A card that is unlikely to win a trick 66 low cardA card of low rank A card of low value especially in Tarot and Tarock games 67 lurch A player is lurched or in the lurch in card games like Cribbage Saunt or Cassino if they not only lose but fail to score a minimum number of points typically half of a winning score Being in the lurch typically costs double Similar to schneider 66 65 M Editmarch Euchre term from the German Marsch or Durchmarsch To win every trick in a deal The score for doing so The same as slam 65 66 makeFulfil a contract 66 Name the trump suit or contract 66 maker The player who names the contract 66 Also declarer or contractor master master card The best i e highest card left in a suit which has been played Also best card commanding card or king card 68 65 The highest card in play from a particular suit 2 matador A top trump sometimes with special privileges 59 However in some card games such as Skwitz it is not a trump but a bonus earning card Any high trump 65 matschA slam in certain Austrian or Bavarian games Failing to win at least a quarter of the points available in some German games Equivalent to a schneider meldAny scoring combination of cards announced shown or played e g three of a kind or a sequence of three or more cards 45 A declaration of such a combination 59 To make a meld misere A contract or undertaking to lose every trick 59 Also bettel bettler or null mixed deal A hand dealt wrongly Or to make a mistake while dealing cards mord A slam in certain Austrian or German games multipliers Factors by which the base value of a declaration and sometimes any bonuses are multiplied to determine the value of a game 69 N Editnatural Without the use of a wild 69 natural card A card that is not wild 69 natural order natural ranking The normal hierarchical sequence of cards within a suit In a 52 card French suited pack the natural order is from Ace high to Two low i e A gt K gt Q gt J gt 10 2 In a 36 card German suited pack it is from Deuce Ace to Seven i e D A gt O gt U gt 10 7 Many games do not follow the natural order for example in Ace Ten games the ranking is A gt 10 gt K gt Q gt J or D A gt 10 gt K gt O gt U natural suit The suit that a card would naturally belong to if not designated as e g a trumpnegative game A negative game or negative contract is one in which the aim is to Avoid taking tricks 59 Lose every trick as in Bettel or misere 59 Avoid taking the highest number of points as in a Rauber in games like Cego next next suitThe suit of the same colour as the trump suit e g in Euchre 70 71 The suit paired with the trump suit e g in Schlauch For this purpose Acorns are usually paired with Leaves and Hearts with Bells non counter A card which is not a counter i e has no scoring value null null gameIn games of the Skat family a contract in which the declarer undertakes to lose every trick In Swedish Whist a game in which both sides aim to take the fewest number of tricks numeral A card for which the rank is a number Ace usually counts as 1 in this case as opposed to the court cards Also pip See also Pip counting O Edit Four Obers Ober The court card usually ranking between the King and the Unter in a German suited pack The equivalent of the Queen in a French suited pack Formerly also Obermann overlord openTo make the first bid declaration or move 69 To make the first bet 69 To make the first lead of a suit 69 It was correct to open Diamonds opening lead The first lead of a deal 69 outbid To bid higher than an earlier bidder Same as overcall but distinct from overbid ouvert e A contract played with the player s hand of cards spread out face up on the table so it is visible to the other players 59 overbidA bid of more than the value of the game 69 Overcall 69 An unduly optimistic bid 69 overcall To bid higher than an earlier bidder May take the form of a suit overcall bid a higher value suit e g in Preference majority overcall bid to take a higher number of tricks e g in Fipsen or value overcall bid to win more card points e g in Binokel 59 The name of such a bid 69 overs Excess points in e g Cassino 72 overshoot point In point trick games a point in excess of the minimum needed to win the deal overtake To play a card higher than the winning card played by your partner unnecessary to win the trick but necessary to gain the lead Not to be confused with cover go over head the trick or play over overtrickTo take more tricks than bid or contracted 59 A trick exceeding the bid overruff overtrump To play a trump higher than any previously played to the trick 69 P Editpack A complete set of cards In English speaking countries a standard pack comprises 52 French suited cards In other countries packs of 24 32 36 40 or 48 cards are common as are German or Latin suited packs Also deck packet A portion of a pack less than the whole pack 72 pair royal Three cards of the same denomination rank 73 Also called a prial or triplet See set partie A game which requires a specified number of deals to decide it 73 especially at Piquet 59 See also rubber partner Another player with whom one shares a common score and with whom one therefore cooperates in bidding and play 72 partnership Two or more players who play jointly and win or lose together May be fixed in which case the players play together for the entire session or floating in which case partners vary from deal to deal sometimes called an alliance Also called a side or team 59 passIn bidding games to make no bid Usually called by saying pass In vying games to pass the privilege of betting first penalty A score awarded for common violations of the rules of the game It can be awarded either negatively to the violating player partnership or positively to their opponent s penalty card A card that incurs a penalty usually a minus score e g the Queen of Spades and all hearts in Black Lady penny ante A game played for insignificant stakes 72 picture card Usually the same as court card 74 but can include the Aces as well pile A set of cards placed on a surface so that they partially or completely overlap Also stack pipA numeral A suit symbol e g or on a card A card point in point trick games Not necessarily the same as the actual number of pips symbols on a pip card Court cards also have a pip value 75 pip card See numeral pip value The numerical index or face value of a card 76 plain card a card other than a court card 74 plain suit Any suit that is not a trump suit 73 playTo contribute a card to a trick 72 To move a card to a place on the table either from the players hand or from elsewhere on the table in Patience games 72 The card played or the move made 72 The stage of the game during which the players hands are depleted by plays to tricks or to a common pile etc 72 The rules of play are the rules for playing tricks etc e g stating that players must follow suit if able otherwise may play any card as at Whist Betting in general 72 play over To play a higher card 72 To cover i e play a higher card of the same suit 72 Not to be confused with go over head the trick or overtake pone US term for non dealer in some two player card games e g Colonel 48 or the player on the dealer s right who cuts the cards b 77 pool See pot positional priority The priority a player has by virtue of his position in relation to the dealer and direction of play Normally forehand or eldest hand has the highest priority followed by the other players in the order of play So for example in an auction if two players bid the same ranking contract and play is clockwise the player nearest the dealer s left hand usually has priority A virapulla traditional Swedish tin for holding gaming counters The pot for gaming chips is in the reversible lid potA container into which money or chips are paid initially and during a game and from which the winnings are paid out 78 The contents of the pot An accumulation of chips antes bets forfeits etc to win which is the object of the game 79 preference A bid in the preferred suit 79 preferred suit preference suit A suit that has bidding preference over the rest as in Boston Preference or Fipsen 79 prial A pair royal A set of three cards of the same rank 9 protection Cards that guard others normally of higher rank 79 punter Person who lays bets in a banking game Q Edit Four Queens quart A sequence of four cards of the same suit 80 quart major The Ace King Queen and Jack of one suit 80 Queen The court card ranking naturally between the King and the Jack or Knave In Tarot and Tarock games it ranks between the King and the Cavalier quinte or quint A sequence of five cards of the same suit 80 quinte major or quint major The Ace King Queen Jack and Ten of one suit 79 quinte minor or quint minor The King Queen Jack Ten and Nine of one suit 79 quitted trick A trick that has been taken and turned face down 81 R EditraiseTo name a higher contract than one has called previously because one has been overcalled To increase one s stake To increase the game valuerank The position of a card relative to others in the same suit The order of the ranks depends on the game being played rearhandUsually refers to the player who sits to the right of the dealer in a four handed clockwise game 82 However in a three hand play rearhand is the dealer the last active player to receive cards Also called endhand 36 The last player to the trick Also said to be in rearhand redealA new deal by the same dealer after an irregularity 79 A new deal of some of the cards e g the wastepile in Patience games 79 The action of dealing again redouble To double again a bid that has already been doubled once reduce To shed one s hand of deadwood e g in Rummy 79 regular pack A pack of cards comprising suits each distinguished by a suit sign and divided into numeral and court cards as opposed to a Tarot pack that has additional cards known variously as tarots tarocks or tarocchi and which do not have suit signs numerals and courts 83 renegeTo revoke 72 This is the most common usage To legally play a card of a suit other than the led suit 78 To legally withhold a high trump when a lower trump is led 79 renounceTo fail to follow suit legally because one is void a void 79 This is the most common usage Of a suit void 79 Having none of the suit led 84 To play a card of a different suit from the led suit May be legal or not depending on the rules 78 return To lead back usually the suit that partner led reversible See double ended revokeTo fail to follow suit when able to do so and the rules require it Normally incurs a penalty 78 84 To breach the rules of following suit trumping heading or going over 85 robTo exchange a hand card for the trump turn up 80 To discard several cards in exchange for the remaining trumps in the pack 80 rotation The direction of dealing bidding and playing e g clockwise to the left is standard for American and English games Anticlockwise to the right is common in traditional European games 85 roundThe events between the eldest player s action and the youngest player s action of the same type i e deal bid play inclusive A phase of play in which everyone has the same opportunity to perform such an action 78 A series of hands in which each player has dealt only once 49 round game One in which there are no partnerships and everyone plays for himself or herself 80 One playable by an indefinite number of players typically 3 to 7 78 royal card See court card rubber A match consisting of a number of games typically three 78 ruffTo trump a suit 86 i e when a non trump was led An instance of ruffing Historically to rob the trump turnup run A combination of three or more playing cards with consecutive rank values Also called a sequence 87 S Editsandbag To withhold an action on a good hand in order to trap an opponent into greater loss 85 scat See skat schmear See smear schneider When a player or team wins over 3 4 of the available card points in point trick games thus scoring a bonus Typical of the Skat and Schafkopf families The team scoring less than 1 4 of the points is said to be schneidered or in schneider The successful player or team is said to have won schneider See also lurch schwarz When a player or team wins every trick of the hand thus scoring a bonus The other side is said to be schwarzed Common in games of the Skat and Schafkopf family seat Position relative to the dealer for example in bridge the dealer s left hand opponent is said to be in second seat second hand The second player in turn to call or play 87 second turn The turning over of the second card of the skat for trump 87 e g in Reunion or Skat see seeing To hold a higher bet in a vying game see saw See cross ruff selected suit See chosen suit Sequence from Ace to Five sequence Three or more cards adjacent in rank The adjectives ascending and descending may be applied i e building in ascending sequence means laying cards out so that each has the next highest rank to the previous one A sequence need not all be of the same suit Also run 87 set Three or more cards of the same rank 88 shed To discard 88 short deck See short pack short game Any game in which not all the cards of a pack are put into play e g kurzer or short Schafkopf which is played with 24 cards 88 short suit A suit with less than four cards 86 two cards or fewer than the average cards for the suit 88 short pack shortened pack A set of cards that has been reduced in size from a full pack normally of 52 cards by the removal of a certain card or cards 89 shuffle Rearrange a deck of cards by sliding the cards over each other quickly verb An act of shuffling a deck of cards noun shut out Defeated without a single point 88 side See partnership side card A card of a side suit a non trump 88 side money A bet in a side pot 90 side payment When players are primarily playing for the stakes in a pot this is a separate payment directly from one player s pocket to another for example to reward a bonus side pot A pot that is separate from the main pot 90 either for specific bonuses or used when the main pot reaches a certain limit side strength A player with side strength has high cards in side suits 90 side suit A suit that is not the trump suit plain suit 88 signalAny convention of play whereby the team members properly give each other information as allowed by the rules 88 90 Any permitted physical sign or gesture such as winking or tapping the table when playing a card that conveys information to one s partner s single singly The basic usually lowest value of a game is described as single A game is won singly if its value is not increased by bonus factors such as winning schneider which would double the score or winning schwarz which might quadruple it single ended single figured single headed Of a playing card being designed so that it can only be properly read one way up There are usually no indices and the courts depict full length figures Today they have been largely replaced by double ended or reversible cards singleton Only one card of a suit 19 skat or scatWidow extra cards dealt to the table which may be used for exchanging later Also blind 88 Note that in German skat can also mean void i e lacking any cards of a given suit and therefore seeking the skat means looking for an opponent s void suit 91 slam Winning every trick Sometimes called a grand slam with a little slam being every trick bar one 78 Also called a march e g Euchre mord e g Brandle and Grasobern durch or durchmarsch e g Skat and Schafkopf matsch tout or vole sleeping Said of cards that are not in play because e g they are in the unused part of the pack 2 See active sluff or slough To discard 92 To play a card of little or no value 93 smear or schmear To play a high scoring card to a trick if it is likely to be won by one s partner especially in Schafkopf or Sheepshead Also fatten 92 sneak Lead a singleton in order to be able to trump ruff the second round of the suit 86 soft score A game played for soft score as opposed to hard score is one played for anything other than money usually points The score may be chalked on a slate recorded with pencil and paper Equally counters tokens or chips or even matches may be used soloA hand contract i e one played without the aid of the skat or widow 92 A contract played alone against the combined efforts of all other players 78 soloist Player who plays a solo sous forcer See underforce Suit of Spades French pattern pack Ecarte ranking Spades One of the four suits in a French pack of cards 9 Symbol spot card See numeralsqueeze In trick taking game a player is squeezed if he has to weaken himself in either of 2 suits but has no way of deciding which 94 stack A pile of cards less than the whole pack placed on top of each other and usually face down stakeThe money counters or chips that a player places during a game 92 The agreed monetary amount to be paid for each point game or rubber 92 staking board A board with compartments cards or marked areas on which stakes are laid during a game as in Newmarket or Poch staking layout A marked out area on the table or a set of face up cards on which stakes are placed standRefuse to draw additional cards 92 Accept the turn up as trump 92 Remain in the current deal or pot as opposed to drop 92 stayRemain in the current deal or pot as opposed to drop 92 Refuse to draw additional cards 92 Also stick stick Stand fast and refuse to draw additional cards stock A pile of cards face down which are left over after setting up the rest of the game i e dealing hands setting up other layout areas and will be used in the rest of the game 95 Also talon stop stop card A card which when played ends a sequence of cards on the table or a card that is undealt whose absence prevents the completion of a sequence Gives its name to the Stops family of games 92 Stops family Stops group A family or group of matching games in which cards must be played in ascending sequence and usually in suit The aim is to be first to shed all one s cards The cards out of play or which terminate the sequence are called stops Examples include Comet Pope Joan Michigan Newmarket and Yellow Dwarf 96 suit Any of the sets of cards in a pack that share the same pip symbol For examples see French suited pack German suited pack and Latin suited pack Trey of Swords sweetenerAn additional stake anted to the pot in Poker to encourage players to stay in the game 97 A small bet in Poker not meant to cause an opponent to fold but to build up the pot 98 An agreed amount that everyone pays into the pot following an auction in which all passed e g in Schafkopf The pot goes to the next player to win a bid 99 sweepIn fishing games to clear the table by capturing all the table cards upon it at that time Usually earns a bonus The cards so captured swingLead the master card of a suit 92 One of an unbroken sequence of cards from the top of the suit downwards 92 Swords One of the four suits in a Latin suited pack of cards 1 Symbol or T Edittableau Layout of face up table cards in games like Yellow Dwarf Zwicker and games of the Patience family See Glossary of patience terms talon The undealt portion of the pack which will be used in the rest of the game 95 Also stock 94 Hand of Tarock cards Tarocchi Trump cards in tarot games of Italian origin Also Tarock or Tarocchi in games from other countries Tarock A trump card in tarot games of Austrian or German origin Also Tarot or Tarocchi in games from other countries Also spelt Taroc or Tarok Tarot A trump card in tarot games of French origin Also Tarock or Tarocchi in games from other countries team See partnership tenace A combination of high cards not in sequence Major tenace A Q or K C in Tarock games minor tenace K J or Q J in Tarock games double tenace A Q 10 or K C 10 A in Tarock games 100 throw in To return cards to the dealer if for example no one makes a bid or if the cards are misdealt throw off To discard or smear 100 touching Said of cards that are adjacent in rank 101 tout Winning all the tricks in European games Also durch durchmarsch march matsch slam or vole Trey The Three of any suit Also three spot 19 trick See Trick taking game A set of cards played by each player in turn during the play of a hand triplet Three of a kind 100 tripleton Three cards of a suit in the hand 100 trumpA privileged card whose trick taking power is greater than any plain suit card 100 The trump suit 100 A card in the special suit of trumps found in tarot packs such as the Tarot Nouveau To play a trump after a plain suit has been led 100 Also ruff trump suit A privileged suit in which in the current deal all its cards rank higher than any plain non trump card 100 turn the corner Said of a sequence of cards when the top card typically the Ace or King is preceded by high cards on one side and low cards on the other e g 3 2 A K Q J turn up turnup A card turned up at the start of a game to determine the trump suit 94 U Editultimo Winning the last trick with the lowest trump 102 or sometimes with a King unchosen suit In games of the Karnoffel Group a suit usually ranking in the natural order most of all of whose cards have no special privileges in contrast to the chosen suits Sometimes called an unselected suit 29 underforce or under force To answer a card with one of the same suit but inferior value to those remaining in hand e g putting the Nine of Clubs on the Ten having the Ace in hand 103 Also under force under play or sous forcer 104 underlead To lead a low card when holding the top card or cards in a suit underplay or under playTo lead or follow suit with a lower card when holding a higher one hold up refuse to cover 102 See underforce undershoot point In point trick games a point shy of the minimum needed to win the deal undertrickTo fall short of the declared number of tricks 102 A trick short of the bid unguarded Unprotected by another usually lower card of the same suit See also blank unload To get rid of dangerous cards from one s hand 101 Four Unters unselected suit See unchosen suit Unter The court card usually ranking between the Ober and the Ten in a German suited pack The equivalent of the Jack in a French suited pack Formerly also Untermann underling upcardA card laid on the table face up 102 The top card of a pile turned face up 74 V EditValet The Jack in certain card games Also Knave value See card pointsvariant A game version whose aim mechanism of play equipment or tactics are sufficiently different for it to be viewed as a separate albeit related game variationA game version in which there are minor rule differences but in which the aim mechanism of play and tactics remain the same A minor rule difference vie vying To claim you have or will have the best hand and stake money on it Vying includes an element of bluffing 105 void Having no card of a given suit Also blank suit 94 To discard all cards of a given suit vole Winning all the tricks in some English and European games Also durch durchmarsch march matsch slam or tout W Editwastepile or waste pile A pile of discards or cards that a player is unable to play Also discard pile whitewashed Losing without scoring a point 106 See also schwarz widow American term for a blind or skat 107 Hand of cards dealt face down on the table at the start of play that may subsequently be used by players to exchange cards 94 wild card A card that may be designated by the owner to represent any other card 102 A Joker is often used as a wild card but can also have other uses Y Edityoungest The last player to play before the eldest player s second turn Some family games will use eldest and youngest to refer to the players actual ages Game specific glossaries EditA few games or families of games have enough of their own specific terminology to warrant their own glossaries Blackjack See the glossary of blackjack terms Bridge See the glossary of contract bridge terms which covers contract bridge duplicate bridge and auction bridge some of the terms are also used in whist bid whist and other trick taking games Patience or Solitaire See the glossary of patience and solitaire terms Poker See the glossary of poker terms Schafkopf See Schafkopf language Skat See the glossary of Skat terms Footnotes Edit The term is frequently used for example by David Parlett in this sense e g details of play vary from circle to circle Some circles play with winking Many circles proscribe Jokers in initial melds One of the most popular of the fancy games in domestic circles Bridge playing circles Poker circles 30 Play being assumed to be left to rightReferences Edit a b c d e f g h i Parlett 2008 pp xiv xv a b c Arnold 2007 p 203 a b c d e f g Phillips 1957 p 395 a b c d e f g h i j Parlett 2008 p 642 a b c Dummett 1980 p 245 sfn error no target CITEREFDummett1980 help a b Goren 1950 p 590 sfn error no target CITEREFGoren1950 help Moss 1995 p 94 Goren 1950 p 591 sfn error no target CITEREFGoren1950 help a b c d e f g h i j k l m Glossary of Card Game Terms at www catsatcards com Retrieved 11 August 2018 Kansil 2001 p 316 a b c d e f g Kansil 2001 p 317 Parlett 2008 p 591 Goren 1950 p 592 sfn error no target CITEREFGoren1950 help Foster 1897 p 674 a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957 p 396 Bete In Meyers Grosses Konversations Lexikon Band 2 Leipzig 1905 S 765 Mistigri In Meyers Grosses Konversations Lexikon Vol 13 Leipzig 1908 p 907 Goren 1950 p 593 sfn error no target CITEREFGoren1950 help a b c d e Galt David Card Game Glossary at entertainment howstuffworks com Retrieved 11 August 2018 Goren 1950 p 595 sfn error no target CITEREFGoren1950 help a b Foster 1897 p 675 Golick 1998 p 120 a b Arnold 2007 p 386 Arnold 2011 p 386 a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957 p 397 von Gumpoldskirchen 1875 p 9 Le Briscan at academiedesjeux jeuxsoc fr Retrieved 11 Jan 2019 a b c d e f g h i j Phillips 1957 p 398 a b Karnoffel Group at pagat com Retrieved 11 October 2020 a b Parlett 2008 Foster 1897 p 676 Forbes Lindsay amp Bergholt 1902 p 463 Dyche amp Pardon 1740 Euchre at ohioeuchre com Retrieved 13 August 2020 a b c Mouche for example Retrieved 5 June 2022 a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957 p 400 a b c d e Golick 1998 p 121 a b c Foster 1897 p 677 a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957 p 399 a b Kansil 2001 p 320 a b c d e f Parlett 2008 p 643 Arnold 2011 p 388 Svetou Nicolae 2014 p 9 Dawson L 2013 p 20 a b Moss 1995 p 95 Dummett 1980 p 562 sfn error no target CITEREFDummett1980 help Jackson 2001 p 7 a b Rummy Glossary at www rummy games com Retrieved 29 Nov 2019 a b Dummett amp McLeod 2003 pp 4 9 a b c d e Foster 1897 p 678 Parlett 2008 p 648 a b Gibson 1974 p 386 sfn error no target CITEREFGibson1974 help Parlett 1979 p 27 sfn error no target CITEREFParlett1979 help Weber 1840 p 310 Heinsius 1828 p 861 a b c d e f g Phillips 1957 p 401 a b c d e f Phillips 1957 p 402 Arnold 2007 p 390 a b c d e f g h i j k Parlett 2008 p 644 a b c d Foster 1897 p 680 a b c Phillips 1957 p 403 Parlett 2008 p xxv Arnold 1988 p vii Arnold 1988 p 176 a b c d e f g Phillips 1957 p 404 a b c d e f g Kansil 2001 p 325 Dummett 1980 pp 199 200 sfn error no target CITEREFDummett1980 help Foster 1897 p 681 a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957 p 405 When to Bid at cimpress io Retrieved 9 October 2022 What Card to Lead in Euchre at thesprucecrafts com Retrieved 9 October 2022 a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957 p 406 a b c Foster 1897 p 682 a b c Arnold 2011 Pardon 1864 p 44 sfn error no target CITEREFPardon1864 help Kansil 2001 p 327 Foster 1897 p 621 a b c d e f g h i Parlett 2008 p 645 a b c d e f g h i j k l Phillips 1957 p 407 a b c d e f Foster 1897 p 683 Kansil 2001 p 328 Hinterhand beim Kartenspiel at www kartenspiele regeln de Retrieved 28 Jun 2020 Dummett 1980 p 7 sfn error no target CITEREFDummett1980 help a b B 1858 p 24 a b c Phillips 1957 p 408 a b c Foster 1897 p 684 a b c d Kansil 2001 p 329 a b c d e f g h i Phillips 1957 p 409 Arnold 2011 p 394 a b c d Kansil 2001 p 330 1881 pp 50 51 sfn error no target CITEREF 1881 help a b c d e f g h i j k l m Phillips 1957 p 410 Sluff at onlineslangdictionary com Retrieved 19 March 2021 a b c d e Parlett 2008 p 646 a b Foster 1897 p 685 Card Games Stops Group at pagat com Retrieved 23 November 2022 Silberstang 1972 p 18 Pot Sweetener at pokerstrategy com Retrieved 23 April 2021 Parlett 2008 p 229 a b c d e f g h Phillips 1957 p 411 a b Kansil 2001 p 332 a b c d e Phillips 1957 p 412 Crawley 1866 p 103 Walker 1838 p 31 Parlett 2008 pp 555 556 Foster 1897 p 686 Dummett 1980 p 570 sfn error no target CITEREFDummett1980 help Literature Edit 1881 Ausfuhrliche anleitung zum Deutschtarokspielen Munich Casar Fritsch 88 pp Arnold Peter 1988 1995 The Book of Card Games New York Barnes and Noble ISBN 1 56619 950 6 Arnold Peter 2007 Chambers Card Games 100 Great Games Illustrated and Explained Edinburgh Chambers ISBN 0550103368 Retrieved 12 December 2022 via Open Library Arnold Peter 2011 Card Games for One London Chambers ISBN 978 0550 10201 0 Crawley Rawdon 1866 Beeton s Handy Book of Games London Beeton Dawson L 2013 1923 Hoyles Card Games London Routledge Dummett Sir Michael 1980 The Game of Tarot London Duckworth Dummett Michael McLeod John 2003 A History of Games Played with the Tarot Pack The Game of Triumphs Vol 1 Lewiston NY Lampeter Wales Queenston Ontario Edwin Mellen Dyche Thomas Pardon William 1740 A New General English Dictionary Third ed London Ware Forbes Lindsay Charles Harcourt Ainslie Bergholt Ernest 1902 The Principles and Practice of Whist H T Coates Foster Robert Frederick 1897 Foster s Complete Hoyle Third ed New York London Frederick A Stokes Golick Margie 1998 Card Games for Smart Kids New York Sterling ISBN 978 0 8069 4887 4 Goren Charles 1950 Goren s Hoyle NY Greystone Heinsius Theodor 1828 Vollstandiges Worterbuch A F Volume 1 Vienna Christian Friedrich Schade Jackson Robin 2001 Solitaire Barnes amp Noble Kansil Joli Quentin ed 2001 Official Rules of Card Games 90th ed Cincinnati Bicycle ISBN 978 1 889752 06 8 Moss William A 1995 10 Minute Card Games New York Sterling ISBN 978 0 8069 3847 9 Pardon George Frederick 1864 The Card Player London Routledge Warne amp Routledge Parlett David 1979 The Penguin Book of Patience London Penguin Parlett David 2008 The Penguin Book of Card Games London Penguin ISBN 978 0 141 03787 5 Phillips Hubert ed 1957 Culbertson s Card Games Complete Watford Arco Sfetcu Nicolae 2014 Bridge Bidding Multimedia Silberstang Edwin 1972 Playboy Book of Games Hans Jorgel von Gumpoldskirchen Volksschrift im Wiener Dialekte Vol 44 24 Dec 1875 Walker G W ed 1838 The Philidorian Sherwood London Weber Ferdinand Adolf 1840 Kritisch erklarendes Handworterbuch der Deutschen Sprache Third revised and expanded ed Leipzig Bernhard Tauchnitz jun Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Glossary of card game terms amp oldid 1141731292 head the trick, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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