The holotype specimen of Hauffiosaurus, housed in the Hauff Museum, is an almost complete and articulated skeleton, found from the Posidonien-Schiefer, dating to early Toarcian stage of the Early Jurassic. The holotype specimen preserved in a single block of the original matrix, exposed in ventral view. The body outline visible around the specimen is an artifact of preparation, not preservation; no remains of soft tissue were preserved.[1] The skeleton was discovered during the early 19th Century,[3] in beds of the famous Posidonien-Schiefer lagerstätte at Holzmaden, Baden-Württemberg, in southeastern Germany. However, it was not recognized as a valid taxon, and no thorough description of the fossil was made until 2001.[1]
Hauffiosaurus zanoni is a plesiosaur of medium size, measuring 3.4 metres (11 ft). The skull measures about 430 millimetres (1 ft) along the midline. The holotype is an adult individual, but incomplete fusion of the pectoral and pelvic girdle indicate it is not an old adult. The specimen is displayed at the Urwelt-Museum Hauff, Holzmaden. The exact phylogenetic position of Hauffiosaurus within the Plesiosauria has yet to be resolved, though Vincent (2011) states that it may "reasonably be placed within the Pliosauroidea".[4]
Hauffiosaurus longirostris skeleton and model
A second species, H. tomistomimus, was named by Roger B. J. Benson, Hilary F. Ketchum, Leslie F. Noè and Marcela Gómez-Pérez in 2011. It is known from the holotype and only specimen, MMUM LL 8004, an almost complete, three-dimensionally preservedand and articulated skeleton, found from the Hildoceras bifrons Zone (181.2–180.7 Ma) of the Alum Shale Member, Whitby Mudstone Formation, dating to early Toarcian stage. This skeleton was discovered in Yorkshire, UK. The holotype of H. tomistomimus measures 4.83 metres (15.8 ft) long.[4]
Benson et al. (2011) also reassigned Macroplata longirostris (originally Plesiosaurus longirostris[5]) to Hauffiosaurus. The holotype and only specimen of H. longirostris, MCZ 1033, found from the Harpoceras serpentinum Zone (182.7–181.2 Ma) of the Jet Rock Member, Whitby Mudstone Formation, early Toarcian of Yorkshire, England.[2] The individual to which this specimen belongs is estimated to have measured approximately 4.83 m (15.8 ft) in total body length.[6]
Speculative life reconstruction of Hauffiosaurus zanoni
Few Early Jurassic plesiosaurians have the sort of long, thin snout present in Hauffiosaurus, a shape usually considered to indicate a diet of fish (ichthyophagy). The teeth are slender and elongated and possess fine longitudinal ridges. This sort of tooth, coupled with the long rostrum seen in this genus is effective in piercing soft prey.[7]
Phylogenyedit
Smith & Dyke, 2008 were the first who found Hauffiosaurus to be basal pliosauroid. Benson, Ketchum, Noè and Gómez-Pérez who assigned two additional species to this genus, confirmed the affinity of this taxon to Pliosauroidea using cladistic analysis which was based on Ketchum & Benson's (2010) analysis. Cladogram after Benson et al., 2011:[2]
With the description of Marmornectes in 2011, Ketchum & Benson suggested for the first time that many basal plesiosaurs and pliosauroids are members of Pliosauridae and Rhomaleosauridae. Both Rhomaleosauridae and Pliosauridae were found to be monophyletic, and the relations between Hauffiosaurus's species remained the same. The cladogram below follows Ketchum & Benson, 2011.[8]
^ abcFrank Robin O’Keefe (2001). "A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Plesiosauria (Reptilia: Sauropterygia)" (PDF). Acta Zool. Fennica. 213: 1–63.
^ abcRoger B. J. Benson; Hilary F. Ketchum; Leslie F. Noè; Marcela Gómez-Pérez (2011). "New information on Hauffiosaurus (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) based on a new species from the Alum Shale Member (Lower Toarcian: Lower Jurassic) of Yorkshire, UK" (PDF). Palaeontology. 54 (3): 547–571. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01044.x. S2CID 55436528.
^Seeley, H. G. (1874). "Note on some generic modifications of the plesiosaurian pectoral arch". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London. 30: 436–439. doi:10.1144/gsl.jgs.1874.030.01-04.48. S2CID 128746688.
^ abPeggy Vincent (2011). "A re-examination of Hauffiosaurus zanoni, a pliosauriod from the Toarcian (Early Jurassic) of Germany". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 340–351. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550352. S2CID 84743241.
^Tate, R. & Blake, J. F. (1876). The Yorkshire Lias 1-475
^Valentin Fischer; Nikolay G. Zverkov; Maxim S. Arkhangelsky; Ilya M. Stenshin; Ivan V. Blagovetshensky; Gleb N. Uspensky (2020). "A new elasmosaurid plesiosaurian from the Early Cretaceous of Russia marks an early attempt at neck elongation". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 192 (4): 1167–1194. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa103. hdl:2268/251614.Supplementary Information
^Massare, J. A. (1987). "Tooth morphology and prey preferences of Mesozoic marine reptiles". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 7 (2): 121–137. doi:10.1080/02724634.1987.10011647.
^Hilary F. Ketchum; Roger B. J. Benson (2011). "A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 86: 109–129.
January 01, 1970
hauffiosaurus, extinct, genus, early, jurassic, early, toarcian, stage, pliosaurid, plesiosaur, known, from, holzmaden, germany, from, yorkshire, united, kingdom, first, named, frank, robin, keefe, 2001, type, species, zanoni, 2011, additional, species, were, . Hauffiosaurus is an extinct genus of Early Jurassic early Toarcian stage pliosaurid plesiosaur known from Holzmaden of Germany and from Yorkshire of the United Kingdom It was first named by Frank Robin O Keefe in 2001 and the type species is Hauffiosaurus zanoni 1 In 2011 two additional species were assigned to this genus H longirostris and H tomistomimus 2 HauffiosaurusTemporal range Early Jurassic 182 7 180 7 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Entire skeleton in ventral view of H zanoni Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Reptilia Superorder Sauropterygia Order Plesiosauria Family Pliosauridae Genus HauffiosaurusO Keefe 2001 Species H longirostris Tate amp Blake 1876 H tomistomimus Benson et al 2011 H zanoni O Keefe 2001 type Synonyms Macroplata longirostris Tate amp Blake 1876 Plesiosaurus longirostris Tate amp Blake 1876 Contents 1 Description 2 Phylogeny 3 See also 4 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp Skull jaws and cervical vertebrae of H zanoni The holotype specimen of Hauffiosaurus housed in the Hauff Museum is an almost complete and articulated skeleton found from the Posidonien Schiefer dating to early Toarcian stage of the Early Jurassic The holotype specimen preserved in a single block of the original matrix exposed in ventral view The body outline visible around the specimen is an artifact of preparation not preservation no remains of soft tissue were preserved 1 The skeleton was discovered during the early 19th Century 3 in beds of the famous Posidonien Schiefer lagerstatte at Holzmaden Baden Wurttemberg in southeastern Germany However it was not recognized as a valid taxon and no thorough description of the fossil was made until 2001 1 Hauffiosaurus zanoni is a plesiosaur of medium size measuring 3 4 metres 11 ft The skull measures about 430 millimetres 1 ft along the midline The holotype is an adult individual but incomplete fusion of the pectoral and pelvic girdle indicate it is not an old adult The specimen is displayed at the Urwelt Museum Hauff Holzmaden The exact phylogenetic position of Hauffiosaurus within the Plesiosauria has yet to be resolved though Vincent 2011 states that it may reasonably be placed within the Pliosauroidea 4 nbsp Hauffiosaurus longirostris skeleton and model A second species H tomistomimus was named by Roger B J Benson Hilary F Ketchum Leslie F Noe and Marcela Gomez Perez in 2011 It is known from the holotype and only specimen MMUM LL 8004 an almost complete three dimensionally preservedand and articulated skeleton found from the Hildoceras bifrons Zone 181 2 180 7 Ma of the Alum Shale Member Whitby Mudstone Formation dating to early Toarcian stage This skeleton was discovered in Yorkshire UK The holotype of H tomistomimus measures 4 83 metres 15 8 ft long 4 Benson et al 2011 also reassigned Macroplata longirostris originally Plesiosaurus longirostris 5 to Hauffiosaurus The holotype and only specimen of H longirostris MCZ 1033 found from the Harpoceras serpentinum Zone 182 7 181 2 Ma of the Jet Rock Member Whitby Mudstone Formation early Toarcian of Yorkshire England 2 The individual to which this specimen belongs is estimated to have measured approximately 4 83 m 15 8 ft in total body length 6 nbsp Speculative life reconstruction of Hauffiosaurus zanoni Few Early Jurassic plesiosaurians have the sort of long thin snout present in Hauffiosaurus a shape usually considered to indicate a diet of fish ichthyophagy The teeth are slender and elongated and possess fine longitudinal ridges This sort of tooth coupled with the long rostrum seen in this genus is effective in piercing soft prey 7 Phylogeny editSmith amp Dyke 2008 were the first who found Hauffiosaurus to be basal pliosauroid Benson Ketchum Noe and Gomez Perez who assigned two additional species to this genus confirmed the affinity of this taxon to Pliosauroidea using cladistic analysis which was based on Ketchum amp Benson s 2010 analysis Cladogram after Benson et al 2011 2 Plesiosauria Anningasaura Attenborosaurus Neoplesiosauria Plesiosauroidea Pliosauroidea Atychodracon Archaeonectrus Macroplata Plesiosaurus macrocephalus Hauffiosaurus H longirostris H tomistomimus H zanoni Maresaurus Meyerasaurus Rhomaleosaurus Eurycleidus Pliosauridae With the description of Marmornectes in 2011 Ketchum amp Benson suggested for the first time that many basal plesiosaurs and pliosauroids are members of Pliosauridae and Rhomaleosauridae Both Rhomaleosauridae and Pliosauridae were found to be monophyletic and the relations between Hauffiosaurus s species remained the same The cladogram below follows Ketchum amp Benson 2011 8 Pliosauroidea Rhomaleosauridae Anningasaura Plesiosaurus macrocephalus Archaeonectrus Macroplata Atychodracon Eurycleidus Rhomaleosaurus Meyerasaurus Maresaurus Pliosauridae Thalassiodracon Hauffiosaurus H longirostris H tomistomimus H zanoni Attenborosaurus advanced pliosauridsSee also edit nbsp Paleontology portal List of plesiosaur genera Timeline of plesiosaur researchReferences edit a b c Frank Robin O Keefe 2001 A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Plesiosauria Reptilia Sauropterygia PDF Acta Zool Fennica 213 1 63 a b c Roger B J Benson Hilary F Ketchum Leslie F Noe Marcela Gomez Perez 2011 New information on Hauffiosaurus Reptilia Plesiosauria based on a new species from the Alum Shale Member Lower Toarcian Lower Jurassic of Yorkshire UK PDF Palaeontology 54 3 547 571 doi 10 1111 j 1475 4983 2011 01044 x S2CID 55436528 Seeley H G 1874 Note on some generic modifications of the plesiosaurian pectoral arch Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 30 436 439 doi 10 1144 gsl jgs 1874 030 01 04 48 S2CID 128746688 a b Peggy Vincent 2011 A re examination of Hauffiosaurus zanoni a pliosauriod from the Toarcian Early Jurassic of Germany Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 31 2 340 351 doi 10 1080 02724634 2011 550352 S2CID 84743241 Tate R amp Blake J F 1876 The Yorkshire Lias 1 475 Valentin Fischer Nikolay G Zverkov Maxim S Arkhangelsky Ilya M Stenshin Ivan V Blagovetshensky Gleb N Uspensky 2020 A new elasmosaurid plesiosaurian from the Early Cretaceous of Russia marks an early attempt at neck elongation Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 192 4 1167 1194 doi 10 1093 zoolinnean zlaa103 hdl 2268 251614 Supplementary Information Massare J A 1987 Tooth morphology and prey preferences of Mesozoic marine reptiles Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7 2 121 137 doi 10 1080 02724634 1987 10011647 Hilary F Ketchum Roger B J Benson 2011 A new pliosaurid Sauropterygia Plesiosauria from the Oxford Clay Formation Middle Jurassic Callovian of England evidence for a gracile longirostrine grade of Early Middle Jurassic pliosaurids Special Papers in Palaeontology 86 109 129 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hauffiosaurus amp oldid 1217180725, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
