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Harvard Glee Club

November 14, 2023

The Harvard Glee Club is a 60-voice, Tenor-Bass choral ensemble at Harvard University. Founded in 1858 in the tradition of English and American glee clubs, it is the oldest collegiate chorus in the United States.[3] The Glee Club is part of the Harvard Choruses of Harvard University, which also include the treble voice Radcliffe Choral Society and the mixed-voice Harvard-Radcliffe Collegium Musicum. All three groups are led by Harvard's current Director of Choral Activities Andrew Gregory Clark.

Harvard Glee Club
Choir
OriginCambridge, Massachusetts, United States
Founded1858; 165 years ago (1858)
GenreFolk, Renaissance, religious, classical
PresidentEsteban Gutierrez '23[1]
Chief conductorAndrew Clark[2]
ManagerAaron Kang '25[1]
AffiliationHarvard University
Associated groupsHarvard Choruses
Websiteharvardgleeclub.org

The Glee Club has long been a fixture of the Boston music scene, performing frequently with the Boston Symphony Orchestra and other ensembles, but this local prominence has lessened in recent years. However, thanks to over 80 annual spring tours to different regions of the United States and appearances at the Kennedy Center Honors and in Leonard Bernstein's popular series The Unanswered Question, the Glee Club has garnered national recognition; tours around the world have brought the group further attention. A number of notable people were members of the Glee Club during their time at Harvard, and numerous major composers of the 20th and 21st centuries have dedicated works to the group.

History edit

Founding and development edit

The Glee Club was founded in 1858 by a group of students to sing glees and part-songs. The group remained small until the end of the nineteenth century, when growth in its size and on-campus profile made higher musical aspirations possible. In 1919, it invited Archibald T. "Doc" Davison, the choirmaster of Harvard's Memorial Church, to become Glee Club conductor. In 1921, the Glee Club embarked on its first European tour, which, though not the first such tour by a college group, was the most extensive to that point. The group was officially invited by the government of France, and the tour was covered by the press in the US and Europe.[4] This tour also resulted in a spate of new work written expressly for the Glee Club by such composers as Darius Milhaud, Francis Poulenc, and Gustav Holst.[5]

 
President Herbert Hoover with Harvard Glee Club on April 8, 1929

Under "Doc" Davison, the Glee Club and the Radcliffe Choral Society became the choruses of choice for the Boston Symphony Orchestra and frequently recorded with them. Their recording of La Damnation de Faust won a Grand Prix du Disc, and a recording of the Mozart Requiem in memory of former U.S. President and Harvard graduate John F. Kennedy received a nomination for a Grammy.[5] The relationship with the BSO continued until the creation of the Tanglewood Festival Chorus; both Club and Society continue to sing with the BSO on occasion.

Since the retirement of Doc Davison, the Glee Club has had only five conductors: G. Wallace “Woody” Woodworth, who led the group from 1933 to 1958; noted Beethoven scholar Elliot Forbes, from 1958 to 1970, who led the group on an extensive tour around the world in 1961;[6] F. John Adams, 1970–1978; Jameson N. Marvin, 1978–2010; and Andrew G. Clark through the present.

Under the leadership of Jameson Marvin as conductor of the Glee Club, the group continued to tour extensively, and was invited to a number of conventions of the American Choral Directors Association, invitations that were extended only through a blind audition process. Most recently, the Glee Club appeared at regional conventions in Pittsburgh in 2002 and Boston in 2004 and at a national convention in Los Angeles in 2005. Concerts led by Marvin were favorably received across the country and around the world.[7]

Notable alumni edit

Many Glee Club members and assistant conductors have gone on to become leaders of American music, including composers, choral directors, and orchestra managers across the country. Alumni of the Glee Club notable for careers in music include:

In addition, a number of Harvard Glee Club alumni have gone on to distinguished careers in other areas. They include:

The Glee Club today edit

The Harvard Glee Club is faculty-directed but entirely student-managed. Each tour and major project, such as a large concert or production and release of a recording, has its own student manager. As such, the students themselves are in charge of selecting concert venues, managing a six-figure yearly budget, and taking care of virtually every facet of the group.

The Glee Club rehearses in Holden Chapel in Harvard Yard. Built in 1744, Holden is one of the oldest college buildings in America.[16] The group performs most of its "home" concerts in Harvard's Sanders Theatre, which is renowned for its excellent acoustics.[17] Each year, major concerts include the Harvard-Princeton and Harvard-Yale Football Concerts, joint concerts that have taken place the night before these football games for more than a century; annual concerts also take place with the Radcliffe Choral Society at Christmas and with all of the Harvard Choruses during Harvard's Arts First celebration in May. The Glee Club tours a different part of the United States every spring break; recent spring tours have taken the group to northern California, the Upper Midwest, the Deep South, Texas, and southern Florida. The Glee Club also takes month-long summer tours roughly every 4 years. Recent summer tours have included trips to East Asia (1993), Australia (1998), Scandinavia (2002), and Central Europe (2005). During the most recent tour to Central Europe, the group performed at such venues as the Berlin Philharmonie, the Mariacki Church in Kraków, the Matthias Church in Budapest, and as guests of the Kodály Festival in Hungary and the Dvořák Festival near Prague.[18]

The 2007–2008 season marked the 150th anniversary of the Glee Club's founding. Highlights included a week-long tour of the Eastern Seaboard and a three-day festival in Cambridge from April 11–13, 2008. Nearly four hundred alumni of the Glee Club attended the April festivities, which included the world premiere of Dominick Argento's "Apollo in Cambridge: A Harvard Triptych," a performance of Igor Stravinsky's Symphony of Psalms with the combined Holden Choruses and orchestra, seminars on a variety of musical, academic, and historical topics, and a well-attended Sesquicentennial Banquet.[19] The anniversary celebration continued into the summer of 2008 with a cross-country concert tour culminating in appearances at Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Ravinia Festival.[20]

Musical tradition edit

 
Sanders Theatre at Harvard University, location of many Glee Club concerts

The Glee Club performs a wide range of repertoire. Music of the Renaissance is an integral part of that repertoire, as is folk music, especially of America and Eastern Europe. In recent years, the Glee Club has performed numerous major works for male chorus, including Schubert's Gesang der Geister über den Wassern, Brahms's Alt-Rhapsodie, Schoenberg's A Survivor from Warsaw, and Argento's Revelation of St. John the Divine.

Symphony collaborations over the years have included multiple performances with the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO) under all of its conductors since 1917, as well as with the New York and Los Angeles Philharmonics, the Netherlands Chamber Orchestra, the Orchestra of St. Luke's, and the Italian Radio Orchestra. Some BSO highlights include the American premiere of Stravinsky’s Oedipus Rex, later recorded with the BSO under Bernstein, two Berlioz recordings - Romeo et Juliet and La Damnation de Faust, and Mozart’s Requiem. In 1973, the Glee Club performed Bernstein's Chichester Psalms with the composer conducting at the Vatican. The Glee Club now frequently performs with Boston's Orchestra of Emmanuel Music, including another performance of Stravinsky’s Oedipus Rex on February 23, 2018.[5]

Finally, the Glee Club frequently performs traditional Harvard football songs, such as "Yo-Ho," "Ten Thousand Men of Harvard," "Harvardiana," "The Gridiron King," "Soldiers' Field," and "Up the Street."

Singers are divided into four parts: Tenor 1, Tenor 2, Baritone, and Bass, though various arrangements often require a few singers to switch parts for balance or for the entire group to re-divide into two, three, or five-part harmony.

Glee Club Lite edit

The Glee Club also has a subset called "Harvard Glee Club Lite" (or simply "Lite"). This group, which features 12-16 singers and performs pop and jazz a cappella arrangements, was formed in 1985 to give Glee Club members a chance to sing a wider range of music; Harvard has over a dozen a cappella groups on campus, and Lite allows students to experience both types of ensemble - a small, student-directed pop-driven group and a larger, faculty-led choral ensemble.[21] At any given point in time, much or all of Lite's repertoire is arranged for voices by student members of the group.

Composers who have dedicated works to the Harvard Glee Club edit

Another cornerstone of the Glee Club's repertoire is contemporary music; the group has a long history of commissioning or simply receiving work from prominent composers, some of whom are listed below, with the title of the work when available; each published work notes the dedication to the Glee Club on its title page:

In addition, the Glee Club's conductors have a long tradition of dedicating folk song arrangements and editions of Renaissance vocal pieces to the group; Jameson Marvin's arrangements are published primarily by Oxford University Publishing and Earthsongs.[23]

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ a b "Leadership – Harvard Glee Club".
  2. ^ "Conductor – Harvard Glee Club".
  3. ^ . President & Fellows of Harvard College. Archived from the original on 2006-09-01. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  4. ^ "Invites Harvard Glee Club". The New York Times. New York. 1920-12-22. Retrieved 2007-02-01.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Dr. Bernard Kreger. "Harvard Glee Club (Men's Choir)". Bach Cantatas website. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  6. ^ "11 Awarded Honorary Degrees". The Harvard University Gazette. Cambridge, MA. 2003-06-05. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  7. ^ Tim Page (1986-03-24). "Harvard Singers". The New York Times. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  8. ^ Paul Wittke. . The Virgil Thomson Foundation. Archived from the original on 2007-01-01. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  9. ^ Geoffrey Norris (2005-12-29). "I owe my knowledge of music to the Harvard Glee Club". The Telegraph of London. Retrieved 2006-12-14.[dead link]
  10. ^ a b Mark Feeney; Edgar Driscoll Jr (2006-01-13). "Elliot Forbes obituary". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2006-01-20.
  11. ^ "Composer Irving Fine is Subject of New Publication". News from the Library of Congress. Washington, D.C. 2006-02-17. Retrieved 2006-01-20.
  12. ^ W.B.C. (March 16, 1932). "John Gurney Reappears". The New York Times. p. 16.
  13. ^ "Theodore Roosevelt Study Guide". Spark Notes. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  14. ^ "School House to White House: The Education of the Presidents". Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
  15. ^ Bernard Trainor; Warren Weaver (1988-04-29). "Washington Talk". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
  16. ^ Alvin Powell (1999-12-02). "Newly Renovated Holden Chapel Opens Its Doors to Song and Study". The Harvard University Gazette. Retrieved 2006-11-03.
  17. ^ "Sanders Theatre". Office for the Arts at Harvard. Retrieved 2006-12-14.
  18. ^ . Harvard Glee Club. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2007-02-01.
  19. ^ . Harvard Glee Club Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-04-22. Retrieved 2008-04-14.
  20. ^ . Harvard Glee Club. Archived from the original on 2008-02-29. Retrieved 2008-03-03.
  21. ^ . Harvard Glee Club. Archived from the original on 2006-10-12. Retrieved 2007-01-20.
  22. ^ "Online Library". New York, USA: New Music USA. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  23. ^ Curriculum Vitae of Dr. Marvin, see References.

See also edit

References edit

  • Forbes, Elliot. A History of Music at Harvard to 1972. Harvard University Press, 1972.
  • Bernstein, Leonard. The Unanswered Question: Six Talks at Harvard. Harvard University Press: 2006.
  • The Glee Club website contains information about the group's history, repertoire, tours, and managerial structure.
  • Curriculum vitae of Jameson Marvin, Harvard music department webpage, available

External links edit

  • Official site

November 14, 2023
harvard, glee, club, voice, tenor, bass, choral, ensemble, harvard, university, founded, 1858, tradition, english, american, glee, clubs, oldest, collegiate, chorus, united, states, glee, club, part, harvard, choruses, harvard, university, which, also, include. The Harvard Glee Club is a 60 voice Tenor Bass choral ensemble at Harvard University Founded in 1858 in the tradition of English and American glee clubs it is the oldest collegiate chorus in the United States 3 The Glee Club is part of the Harvard Choruses of Harvard University which also include the treble voice Radcliffe Choral Society and the mixed voice Harvard Radcliffe Collegium Musicum All three groups are led by Harvard s current Director of Choral Activities Andrew Gregory Clark Harvard Glee ClubChoirOriginCambridge Massachusetts United StatesFounded1858 165 years ago 1858 GenreFolk Renaissance religious classicalPresidentEsteban Gutierrez 23 1 Chief conductorAndrew Clark 2 ManagerAaron Kang 25 1 AffiliationHarvard UniversityAssociated groupsHarvard ChorusesWebsiteharvardgleeclub wbr orgThe Glee Club has long been a fixture of the Boston music scene performing frequently with the Boston Symphony Orchestra and other ensembles but this local prominence has lessened in recent years However thanks to over 80 annual spring tours to different regions of the United States and appearances at the Kennedy Center Honors and in Leonard Bernstein s popular series The Unanswered Question the Glee Club has garnered national recognition tours around the world have brought the group further attention A number of notable people were members of the Glee Club during their time at Harvard and numerous major composers of the 20th and 21st centuries have dedicated works to the group Contents 1 History 1 1 Founding and development 1 2 Notable alumni 2 The Glee Club today 3 Musical tradition 3 1 Glee Club Lite 3 2 Composers who have dedicated works to the Harvard Glee Club 4 Footnotes 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksHistory editFounding and development edit The Glee Club was founded in 1858 by a group of students to sing glees and part songs The group remained small until the end of the nineteenth century when growth in its size and on campus profile made higher musical aspirations possible In 1919 it invited Archibald T Doc Davison the choirmaster of Harvard s Memorial Church to become Glee Club conductor In 1921 the Glee Club embarked on its first European tour which though not the first such tour by a college group was the most extensive to that point The group was officially invited by the government of France and the tour was covered by the press in the US and Europe 4 This tour also resulted in a spate of new work written expressly for the Glee Club by such composers as Darius Milhaud Francis Poulenc and Gustav Holst 5 nbsp President Herbert Hoover with Harvard Glee Club on April 8 1929Under Doc Davison the Glee Club and the Radcliffe Choral Society became the choruses of choice for the Boston Symphony Orchestra and frequently recorded with them Their recording of La Damnation de Faust won a Grand Prix du Disc and a recording of the Mozart Requiem in memory of former U S President and Harvard graduate John F Kennedy received a nomination for a Grammy 5 The relationship with the BSO continued until the creation of the Tanglewood Festival Chorus both Club and Society continue to sing with the BSO on occasion Since the retirement of Doc Davison the Glee Club has had only five conductors G Wallace Woody Woodworth who led the group from 1933 to 1958 noted Beethoven scholar Elliot Forbes from 1958 to 1970 who led the group on an extensive tour around the world in 1961 6 F John Adams 1970 1978 Jameson N Marvin 1978 2010 and Andrew G Clark through the present Under the leadership of Jameson Marvin as conductor of the Glee Club the group continued to tour extensively and was invited to a number of conventions of the American Choral Directors Association invitations that were extended only through a blind audition process Most recently the Glee Club appeared at regional conventions in Pittsburgh in 2002 and Boston in 2004 and at a national convention in Los Angeles in 2005 Concerts led by Marvin were favorably received across the country and around the world 7 Notable alumni edit Many Glee Club members and assistant conductors have gone on to become leaders of American music including composers choral directors and orchestra managers across the country Alumni of the Glee Club notable for careers in music include Virgil Thomson who was assistant conductor on the 1921 European tour 8 Elliott Carter who remarked I owe my knowledge of music to the Harvard Glee Club 9 William Christie also briefly the group s accompanist 10 Leonard Bernstein 5 Irving Fine 11 John Gurney bass baritone with the Metropolitan Opera 12 John Harbison 5 Hugh Wolff 5 William Martin operatic tenor Scott Tucker current director of the Washington Choral Arts Society 5 Isaiah Jackson director of Pro Arte Chamber Orchestra 10 Noel Jan Tyl opera singer and former business manager of Houston Grand OperaIn addition a number of Harvard Glee Club alumni have gone on to distinguished careers in other areas They include Theodore Roosevelt twenty sixth President of the United States 13 Franklin Delano Roosevelt thirty second President of the United States 14 Harry Blackmun former Supreme Court Justice and author of the majority opinion in Roe v Wade 15 John Jack Reed author of Ten Days that Shook the World who was also President of the Harvard Glee Club Jesse Francis Jeff Bingaman Jr former U S Senator from New Mexico G C Waldrep American poet Noam Elkies mathematician Patrick Harlan television personality in JapanThe Glee Club today editThe Harvard Glee Club is faculty directed but entirely student managed Each tour and major project such as a large concert or production and release of a recording has its own student manager As such the students themselves are in charge of selecting concert venues managing a six figure yearly budget and taking care of virtually every facet of the group The Glee Club rehearses in Holden Chapel in Harvard Yard Built in 1744 Holden is one of the oldest college buildings in America 16 The group performs most of its home concerts in Harvard s Sanders Theatre which is renowned for its excellent acoustics 17 Each year major concerts include the Harvard Princeton and Harvard Yale Football Concerts joint concerts that have taken place the night before these football games for more than a century annual concerts also take place with the Radcliffe Choral Society at Christmas and with all of the Harvard Choruses during Harvard s Arts First celebration in May The Glee Club tours a different part of the United States every spring break recent spring tours have taken the group to northern California the Upper Midwest the Deep South Texas and southern Florida The Glee Club also takes month long summer tours roughly every 4 years Recent summer tours have included trips to East Asia 1993 Australia 1998 Scandinavia 2002 and Central Europe 2005 During the most recent tour to Central Europe the group performed at such venues as the Berlin Philharmonie the Mariacki Church in Krakow the Matthias Church in Budapest and as guests of the Kodaly Festival in Hungary and the Dvorak Festival near Prague 18 The 2007 2008 season marked the 150th anniversary of the Glee Club s founding Highlights included a week long tour of the Eastern Seaboard and a three day festival in Cambridge from April 11 13 2008 Nearly four hundred alumni of the Glee Club attended the April festivities which included the world premiere of Dominick Argento s Apollo in Cambridge A Harvard Triptych a performance of Igor Stravinsky s Symphony of Psalms with the combined Holden Choruses and orchestra seminars on a variety of musical academic and historical topics and a well attended Sesquicentennial Banquet 19 The anniversary celebration continued into the summer of 2008 with a cross country concert tour culminating in appearances at Walt Disney Concert Hall and the Ravinia Festival 20 Musical tradition edit nbsp Sanders Theatre at Harvard University location of many Glee Club concertsThe Glee Club performs a wide range of repertoire Music of the Renaissance is an integral part of that repertoire as is folk music especially of America and Eastern Europe In recent years the Glee Club has performed numerous major works for male chorus including Schubert s Gesang der Geister uber den Wassern Brahms s Alt Rhapsodie Schoenberg s A Survivor from Warsaw and Argento s Revelation of St John the Divine Symphony collaborations over the years have included multiple performances with the Boston Symphony Orchestra BSO under all of its conductors since 1917 as well as with the New York and Los Angeles Philharmonics the Netherlands Chamber Orchestra the Orchestra of St Luke s and the Italian Radio Orchestra Some BSO highlights include the American premiere of Stravinsky s Oedipus Rex later recorded with the BSO under Bernstein two Berlioz recordings Romeo et Juliet and La Damnation de Faust and Mozart s Requiem In 1973 the Glee Club performed Bernstein s Chichester Psalms with the composer conducting at the Vatican The Glee Club now frequently performs with Boston s Orchestra of Emmanuel Music including another performance of Stravinsky s Oedipus Rex on February 23 2018 5 Finally the Glee Club frequently performs traditional Harvard football songs such as Yo Ho Ten Thousand Men of Harvard Harvardiana The Gridiron King Soldiers Field and Up the Street Singers are divided into four parts Tenor 1 Tenor 2 Baritone and Bass though various arrangements often require a few singers to switch parts for balance or for the entire group to re divide into two three or five part harmony Glee Club Lite edit The Glee Club also has a subset called Harvard Glee Club Lite or simply Lite This group which features 12 16 singers and performs pop and jazz a cappella arrangements was formed in 1985 to give Glee Club members a chance to sing a wider range of music Harvard has over a dozen a cappella groups on campus and Lite allows students to experience both types of ensemble a small student directed pop driven group and a larger faculty led choral ensemble 21 At any given point in time much or all of Lite s repertoire is arranged for voices by student members of the group Composers who have dedicated works to the Harvard Glee Club edit Another cornerstone of the Glee Club s repertoire is contemporary music the group has a long history of commissioning or simply receiving work from prominent composers some of whom are listed below with the title of the work when available each published work notes the dedication to the Glee Club on its title page Darius Milhaud Psaume 121 Francis Poulenc Chanson a boire Gustav Holst A Love Song How Mighty are the Sabbaths and Before Sleep from Six Choruses 1931 2 Walter Piston Carnival Song Irving Fine Vultur Gryphus and others Samuel Adler Two Songs of Peace Paul Moravec Credo Leonard Bernstein Dedication Elliott Carter Tarantella The Defense of Corinth Emblems John Harbison Nunc Dimittis Virgil Thomson Cantantes Eamus 22 Randall Thompson Quis multa gracilis The Peaceable Kingdom and others Toru Takemitsu Grass Morten Lauridsen Ave Dulcissima Maria Sir John Tavener Awed by the Beauty Stephen Paulus Shall I Compare Thee Dominick Argento Apollo in Cambridge Carol Barnett One Equal Music Frank Ferko O Coruscans Lux Stellarum Charles Fussell A Walt Whitman Sampler Tarik O Regan Se Lamentar Augelli P D Q Bach A Veritable Paean of Praise In addition the Glee Club s conductors have a long tradition of dedicating folk song arrangements and editions of Renaissance vocal pieces to the group Jameson Marvin s arrangements are published primarily by Oxford University Publishing and Earthsongs 23 Footnotes edit a b Leadership Harvard Glee Club Conductor Harvard Glee Club Student Organizations Harvard Glee Club President amp Fellows of Harvard College Archived from the original on 2006 09 01 Retrieved 2006 12 14 Invites Harvard Glee Club The New York Times New York 1920 12 22 Retrieved 2007 02 01 a b c d e f g Dr Bernard Kreger Harvard Glee Club Men s Choir Bach Cantatas website Retrieved 2006 12 14 11 Awarded Honorary Degrees The Harvard University Gazette Cambridge MA 2003 06 05 Retrieved 2006 12 14 Tim Page 1986 03 24 Harvard Singers The New York Times Retrieved 2006 12 14 Paul Wittke Virgil Thomson Vignettes of his Life and Times The Virgil Thomson Foundation Archived from the original on 2007 01 01 Retrieved 2006 12 14 Geoffrey Norris 2005 12 29 I owe my knowledge of music to the Harvard Glee Club The Telegraph of London Retrieved 2006 12 14 dead link a b Mark Feeney Edgar Driscoll Jr 2006 01 13 Elliot Forbes obituary The Boston Globe Retrieved 2006 01 20 Composer Irving Fine is Subject of New Publication News from the Library of Congress Washington D C 2006 02 17 Retrieved 2006 01 20 W B C March 16 1932 John Gurney Reappears The New York Times p 16 Theodore Roosevelt Study Guide Spark Notes Retrieved 2008 03 02 School House to White House The Education of the Presidents Prologue Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration Retrieved 2008 03 02 Bernard Trainor Warren Weaver 1988 04 29 Washington Talk The New York Times Retrieved 2008 04 11 Alvin Powell 1999 12 02 Newly Renovated Holden Chapel Opens Its Doors to Song and Study The Harvard University Gazette Retrieved 2006 11 03 Sanders Theatre Office for the Arts at Harvard Retrieved 2006 12 14 2005 Summer Tour schedule Harvard Glee Club Archived from the original on 2006 10 12 Retrieved 2007 02 01 HGC Foundation Schedule of Main Events Harvard Glee Club Foundation Archived from the original on 2008 04 22 Retrieved 2008 04 14 150th Anniversary Tour home Harvard Glee Club Archived from the original on 2008 02 29 Retrieved 2008 03 03 Harvard Glee Club Lite website Harvard Glee Club Archived from the original on 2006 10 12 Retrieved 2007 01 20 Online Library New York USA New Music USA Retrieved 11 January 2013 Curriculum Vitae of Dr Marvin see References See also editList of collegiate glee clubs ChoirReferences editForbes Elliot A History of Music at Harvard to 1972 Harvard University Press 1972 Bernstein Leonard The Unanswered Question Six Talks at Harvard Harvard University Press 2006 The Glee Club website contains information about the group s history repertoire tours and managerial structure Curriculum vitae of Jameson Marvin Harvard music department webpage available hereExternal links editOfficial site Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Harvard Glee Club amp oldid 1182498242, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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