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Hari Ram Gupta

October 15, 2023

Hari Ram Gupta (5 February 1902 – 28 March 1992) was an Indian historian. The main focus of his work was the Sikh history of 18th century. During 1957 to 1963, he was head of Panjab University's History department. Following his retirement, he was an honorary professor in the History department of University of Delhi from 1964 to 1967.

Hari Ram Gupta
Born(1902-02-05)5 February 1902
Bhurewal village, Ambala district, Haryana, India
Died28 March 1992(1992-03-28) (aged 90)
New Delhi, India
NationalityIndian
Academic background
Alma materUniversity of the Punjab
ThesisEvolution of the Sikh Confederacies (1937)
Academic work
DisciplineHistorian
InstitutionsPanjab University

Early life and career Edit

Gupta was born on 5 February 1902 in Bhurewal village, which is in the present-day's Naraingarh subdistrict of Ambala district, Haryana, India. After completing his higher education at Lahore, he became University of the Punjab's first Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree holder and the first Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) holder in History discipline in 1937 and 1944 respectively.[1] His Ph.D. thesis examiner was Jadunath Sarkar, who states:

Professor Hari Ram Gupta’s thesis on the Evolution of the Sikh Confederaces, which I examined, along with Sir Edward Maclagan, the scholarly ex-governor of the Panjab, for the Ph.D. degree of the Panjab University, struck me as a work of outstanding merit which completely fills up a gap in our knowledge of modern Indian history.... One period of Panjab history and that of Delhi Empire, too, ... has thus been set up on a granite foundation. It ought to sense as a model to other works on Indian history.[2]

Gupta's teaching career began as a History lecturer in Lahore's Forman Christian College, after which he became head of Aitchison College's History department. He also temporarily served as a principal of Vaish College, Bhiwani. After the partition of India, he authored Narratives of Persian and Iraq Force and Burma Campaigns of World War II during his stint with the Ministry of Defence's historical section. Starting with 1957, he was Panjab University's professor and its History department's head till 1963, along with being its dean of instruction for more than one year. Following his retirement, he was an honorary professor in University of Delhi's History department from 1964 to 1967.[1] Later on, he taught at Firozpur's Dev Samaj College for Women. He was the honorary head of the History department for 14 years there, after which he shifted to Delhi.[3]

Publications and honours Edit

According to Khushwant Singh, post-World War I, research work by Indian scholars like Gupta, Ganda Singh, Indubhusan Banerjee, and Sita Ram Kohli "gave a new and national orientation to Sikh history." Before that period, works of Indian Sikh Scholars were limited to Punjabi language, while English works on Sikhism were done by Englishmen.[4]

The main focus of Gupta's work was the Sikh history of 18th century.[3] He planned to give a comprehensive account of multiple aspects of Sikhs via his multi-volume History of the Sikhs. According to Gurmukh Singh, he planned six volumes for that purpose,[3] while according Shiv Kumar Gupta, he intended to author seven volumes in that regard.[5] But he completed four volumes and the fifth one was in print at the point of his death.[3] His decade-long work on the then little-known period of Sikh history from 1708 to 1799 resulted in the Studies in Later Mughal history of the Panjab and three other volumes.[5] First published in 1944, the Studies in the Later Mughal History of the Panjab (1707–1793) was reprinted in 1976 under the title of Later Mughal History of the Panjab (1707–1793) by Sang-e-Meel Publications of Lahore.[6]

Edited by Gupta, Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume is a two-volume work in commemoration of the historian Jadunath Sarkar. When Gupta presented his idea to Sarkar regarding the commemoration volume in 1954, he rejected it by stating that he neither wanted any publicity nor endorsed any idea involving fundraising for him, although Gupta was able to persuade him. The Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar is the first volume of the work. It dedicates considerable space to excerpts from Sarkar's fifty-plus years of correspondence with his friend Govind Sakharam Sardesai, who was a Marathi historian. It also contains write-ups and stories about Sarkar by Sardesai, Quanungo, and his other friends.[7] The second volume titled Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar has around thirty essays authored by various scholars on the topics of their expertise. These volumes were published some weeks after the death of Sarkar in 1958. According to K. A. Nilakanta Sastri, this work is "a worthy memorial to him from his pupils, friends, and admirers."[8] According to by S.K. Gupta, these two volumes "are not only examples of his deep regard for historical scholarship but also reflect his qualities of keen observation, deep penetration and acute selection."[9]

Panjab on the eve of first Sikh war is described by William T. Walker as "a noteworthy collection of essays on the prewar conditions in Punjab that contributed to the outbreak of hostilities."[10] His writings on the current events of his time include his multi-volume book titled India-Pakistan War, 1965.[9]

Gupta's Marathas and Panipat describes the Third Battle of Panipat. It is divided in three parts. According to Shiv Kumar Gupta, this work is an attempt by the author to cover Maratha history from the perspective of overall Indian history at that point in time, with appropriate Central Asian history references, although its main focus lies on Marathas. Its first part consists of thirteen chapters and covers the battle's background.[11] The second part consists of six chapters, which describes the battle. The third part deals with the battle's future impacts and the factors which led to Maratha defeat. This part also has a chapter which describes the Ala Singh's help to Marathas during the campaign.[2]

The Asiatic Society acknowledged Gupta's work for the Punjab history by awarded him Sir Jadunath Sarkar Gold Medal in 1949.[1][3] He was honoured at the 23rd session of Punjab History Conference in 1989.[3] The Hari Ram Gupta Memorial Lecture is annually organised in his commemoration by the History department of Panjab University.[12][13]

Selected works Edit

  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1943). Life and Work of Mohan Lal Kashmiri, 1812–1877 (1st ed.). Lahore: Minerva Book Shop. OCLC 225191557.[14]
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1944). Studies in the Later Mughal History of the Panjab (1707-1793) (1st ed.). Lahore: Minerva Book Shop. OCLC 221694378.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1956). Panjab on the eve of first Sikh war: a documentary study of the political, social and economic conditions of the Panjab as depicted in the daily letters written chiefly from Lahore by British intelligencers is during the period from 30 December 1843 to 31 October 1844 (1st ed.). Hoshiarpur: Department of History, Panjab University. OCLC 575018782.[15]
  • Gupta, Hari Ram, ed. (1957). Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume. Vol. I: Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar. Hoshiarpur: Department of History, Panjab University. OCLC 251228572.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram; Kaushal, Paras Ram; Talwar, Shanti Swarup, eds. (1958). Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume. Vol. II: Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar. Hoshiarpur: Department of History, Panjab University. OCLC 470654377.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1961). Marathas and Panipat. Chandigarh: Panjab University. OCLC 582498407.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1967). India-Pakistan War, 1965. Vols. I–II. Delhi: Hariyana Prakashan. OCLC 555222190.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1984). History of the Sikhs. Vol. I: The Sikh Gurus (1469-1708) (2nd rev. ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-8121502764.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1978). History of the Sikhs. Vol. II: Evolution of the Sikh Confederacies (1708–1769) (3rd rev. ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-8121502481.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1980). History of the Sikhs. Vol. III: Sikh Domination of the Mughal Empire (1764-1803) (2nd rev. ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-8121502139.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1982). History of the Sikhs. Vol. IV: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of Sikh Misls (1st ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-8121501651.
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1987). Panjab, Central Asia, and the First Afghan War: Based on Mohan Lal's Observations (2nd ed.). Chandigarh: Publication Bureau, Panjab University. OCLC 165473153.[14]
  • Gupta, Hari Ram (1991). History of the Sikhs. Vol. V: The Sikh Lion Of Lahore, (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839) (1st ed.). New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-8121505154.

References Edit

Citations Edit

  1. ^ a b c Gupta 1992, p. 97.
  2. ^ a b Gupta 1992, p. 101.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Singh 2011, p. 249.
  4. ^ Singh 1991, p. 121.
  5. ^ a b Gupta 1992, p. 98.
  6. ^ Madra & Singh 2004, p. 367.
  7. ^ Sastri 1960, pp. 83.
  8. ^ Sastri 1960, pp. 84.
  9. ^ a b Gupta 1992, p. 102.
  10. ^ Walker 2009, p. 149.
  11. ^ Gupta 1992, p. 100.
  12. ^ The Tribune 2017.
  13. ^ Panjab university 2015.
  14. ^ a b Guha 1988, pp. 286–288.
  15. ^ Goetz 1958, p. 398.

Sources Edit

October 15, 2023
hari, gupta, february, 1902, march, 1992, indian, historian, main, focus, work, sikh, history, 18th, century, during, 1957, 1963, head, panjab, university, history, department, following, retirement, honorary, professor, history, department, university, delhi,. Hari Ram Gupta 5 February 1902 28 March 1992 was an Indian historian The main focus of his work was the Sikh history of 18th century During 1957 to 1963 he was head of Panjab University s History department Following his retirement he was an honorary professor in the History department of University of Delhi from 1964 to 1967 Hari Ram GuptaBorn 1902 02 05 5 February 1902Bhurewal village Ambala district Haryana IndiaDied28 March 1992 1992 03 28 aged 90 New Delhi IndiaNationalityIndianAcademic backgroundAlma materUniversity of the PunjabThesisEvolution of the Sikh Confederacies 1937 Academic workDisciplineHistorianInstitutionsPanjab University Contents 1 Early life and career 2 Publications and honours 3 Selected works 4 References 4 1 Citations 4 2 SourcesEarly life and career EditGupta was born on 5 February 1902 in Bhurewal village which is in the present day s Naraingarh subdistrict of Ambala district Haryana India After completing his higher education at Lahore he became University of the Punjab s first Doctor of Philosophy Ph D degree holder and the first Doctor of Letters D Litt holder in History discipline in 1937 and 1944 respectively 1 His Ph D thesis examiner was Jadunath Sarkar who states Professor Hari Ram Gupta s thesis on the Evolution of the Sikh Confederaces which I examined along with Sir Edward Maclagan the scholarly ex governor of the Panjab for the Ph D degree of the Panjab University struck me as a work of outstanding merit which completely fills up a gap in our knowledge of modern Indian history One period of Panjab history and that of Delhi Empire too has thus been set up on a granite foundation It ought to sense as a model to other works on Indian history 2 Gupta s teaching career began as a History lecturer in Lahore s Forman Christian College after which he became head of Aitchison College s History department He also temporarily served as a principal of Vaish College Bhiwani After the partition of India he authored Narratives of Persian and Iraq Force and Burma Campaigns of World War II during his stint with the Ministry of Defence s historical section Starting with 1957 he was Panjab University s professor and its History department s head till 1963 along with being its dean of instruction for more than one year Following his retirement he was an honorary professor in University of Delhi s History department from 1964 to 1967 1 Later on he taught at Firozpur s Dev Samaj College for Women He was the honorary head of the History department for 14 years there after which he shifted to Delhi 3 Publications and honours EditAccording to Khushwant Singh post World War I research work by Indian scholars like Gupta Ganda Singh Indubhusan Banerjee and Sita Ram Kohli gave a new and national orientation to Sikh history Before that period works of Indian Sikh Scholars were limited to Punjabi language while English works on Sikhism were done by Englishmen 4 The main focus of Gupta s work was the Sikh history of 18th century 3 He planned to give a comprehensive account of multiple aspects of Sikhs via his multi volume History of the Sikhs According to Gurmukh Singh he planned six volumes for that purpose 3 while according Shiv Kumar Gupta he intended to author seven volumes in that regard 5 But he completed four volumes and the fifth one was in print at the point of his death 3 His decade long work on the then little known period of Sikh history from 1708 to 1799 resulted in the Studies in Later Mughal history of the Panjab and three other volumes 5 First published in 1944 the Studies in the Later Mughal History of the Panjab 1707 1793 was reprinted in 1976 under the title of Later Mughal History of the Panjab 1707 1793 by Sang e Meel Publications of Lahore 6 Edited by Gupta Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume is a two volume work in commemoration of the historian Jadunath Sarkar When Gupta presented his idea to Sarkar regarding the commemoration volume in 1954 he rejected it by stating that he neither wanted any publicity nor endorsed any idea involving fundraising for him although Gupta was able to persuade him The Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar is the first volume of the work It dedicates considerable space to excerpts from Sarkar s fifty plus years of correspondence with his friend Govind Sakharam Sardesai who was a Marathi historian It also contains write ups and stories about Sarkar by Sardesai Quanungo and his other friends 7 The second volume titled Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar has around thirty essays authored by various scholars on the topics of their expertise These volumes were published some weeks after the death of Sarkar in 1958 According to K A Nilakanta Sastri this work is a worthy memorial to him from his pupils friends and admirers 8 According to by S K Gupta these two volumes are not only examples of his deep regard for historical scholarship but also reflect his qualities of keen observation deep penetration and acute selection 9 Panjab on the eve of first Sikh war is described by William T Walker as a noteworthy collection of essays on the prewar conditions in Punjab that contributed to the outbreak of hostilities 10 His writings on the current events of his time include his multi volume book titled India Pakistan War 1965 9 Gupta s Marathas and Panipat describes the Third Battle of Panipat It is divided in three parts According to Shiv Kumar Gupta this work is an attempt by the author to cover Maratha history from the perspective of overall Indian history at that point in time with appropriate Central Asian history references although its main focus lies on Marathas Its first part consists of thirteen chapters and covers the battle s background 11 The second part consists of six chapters which describes the battle The third part deals with the battle s future impacts and the factors which led to Maratha defeat This part also has a chapter which describes the Ala Singh s help to Marathas during the campaign 2 The Asiatic Society acknowledged Gupta s work for the Punjab history by awarded him Sir Jadunath Sarkar Gold Medal in 1949 1 3 He was honoured at the 23rd session of Punjab History Conference in 1989 3 The Hari Ram Gupta Memorial Lecture is annually organised in his commemoration by the History department of Panjab University 12 13 Selected works EditGupta Hari Ram 1943 Life and Work of Mohan Lal Kashmiri 1812 1877 1st ed Lahore Minerva Book Shop OCLC 225191557 14 Gupta Hari Ram 1944 Studies in the Later Mughal History of the Panjab 1707 1793 1st ed Lahore Minerva Book Shop OCLC 221694378 Gupta Hari Ram 1956 Panjab on the eve of first Sikh war a documentary study of the political social and economic conditions of the Panjab as depicted in the daily letters written chiefly from Lahore by British intelligencers is during the period from 30 December 1843 to 31 October 1844 1st ed Hoshiarpur Department of History Panjab University OCLC 575018782 15 Gupta Hari Ram ed 1957 Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume Vol I Life and Letters of Sir Jadunath Sarkar Hoshiarpur Department of History Panjab University OCLC 251228572 Gupta Hari Ram Kaushal Paras Ram Talwar Shanti Swarup eds 1958 Sir Jadunath Sarkar Commemoration Volume Vol II Essays Presented to Sir Jadunath Sarkar Hoshiarpur Department of History Panjab University OCLC 470654377 Gupta Hari Ram 1961 Marathas and Panipat Chandigarh Panjab University OCLC 582498407 Gupta Hari Ram 1967 India Pakistan War 1965 Vols I II Delhi Hariyana Prakashan OCLC 555222190 Gupta Hari Ram 1984 History of the Sikhs Vol I The Sikh Gurus 1469 1708 2nd rev ed New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal ISBN 978 8121502764 Gupta Hari Ram 1978 History of the Sikhs Vol II Evolution of the Sikh Confederacies 1708 1769 3rd rev ed New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal ISBN 978 8121502481 Gupta Hari Ram 1980 History of the Sikhs Vol III Sikh Domination of the Mughal Empire 1764 1803 2nd rev ed New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal ISBN 978 8121502139 Gupta Hari Ram 1982 History of the Sikhs Vol IV The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of Sikh Misls 1st ed New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal ISBN 978 8121501651 Gupta Hari Ram 1987 Panjab Central Asia and the First Afghan War Based on Mohan Lal s Observations 2nd ed Chandigarh Publication Bureau Panjab University OCLC 165473153 14 Gupta Hari Ram 1991 History of the Sikhs Vol V The Sikh Lion Of Lahore Maharaja Ranjit Singh 1799 1839 1st ed New Delhi Munshiram Manoharlal ISBN 978 8121505154 References EditCitations Edit a b c Gupta 1992 p 97 a b Gupta 1992 p 101 a b c d e f Singh 2011 p 249 Singh 1991 p 121 a b Gupta 1992 p 98 Madra amp Singh 2004 p 367 Sastri 1960 pp 83 Sastri 1960 pp 84 a b Gupta 1992 p 102 Walker 2009 p 149 Gupta 1992 p 100 The Tribune 2017 Panjab university 2015 a b Guha 1988 pp 286 288 Goetz 1958 p 398 Sources Edit Goetz Hermann January 1958 In the Library East and West Istituto Italiano per l Africa e l Oriente 8 4 398 ISSN 0012 8376 JSTOR 29753950 OCLC 1567218 Guha Amalendu July December 1988 Book reviews India Quarterly SAGE Publishing 44 3 4 286 288 ISSN 0975 2684 JSTOR 45072280 OCLC 860808856 Gupta Shiv Kumar April 1992 Singh Parm Bakhshish Nayyar Gurbachan Singh Singh Gursharan Verma Devinder Kumar eds Dr Hari Ram Gupta The Doyen of the Punjab Historians The Panjab Past and Present Punjabi University 26 51 97 104 ISSN 0031 0786 OCLC 1761838 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Madra Amandeep Singh Singh Parmjit eds 2004 Sicques Tigers or Thieves Eyewitness Accounts of the Sikhs 1606 1810 1st ed Palgrave Macmillan p 367 ISBN 978 1403962027 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Sastri K A Nilakanta March 1960 Halperin S William Maddox Margaret eds Book Reviews The Journal of Modern History University of Chicago Press 32 1 83 84 ISSN 0022 2801 JSTOR 1871882 OCLC 263589299 Singh Khushwant 1991 Hymns of Guru Nanak Orient Longman p 122 ISBN 978 0863111556 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Singh Major Gurmukh 2011 Singh Harbans ed The encyclopaedia of Sikhism Volume II E L 3rd ed Punjabi University p 249 ISBN 978 8173802041 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Walker William T 2009 Term Paper Resource Guide to Nineteenth Century World History Greenwood Publishing Group p 149 ISBN 978 0313354045 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Idea of India is of recent vintage Prof The Tribune TNS 1 December 2017 Archived from the original on 24 November 2019 Retrieved 24 November 2019 PU Department of History organises the annual Hari Ram Gupta Memorial Lecture Panjab University Archived from the original on 24 November 2019 Retrieved 24 November 2019 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hari Ram Gupta amp oldid 1174151841, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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