Haaretz
Haaretz (Hebrew: הָאָרֶץ lit. 'The Land [of Israel]', originally Ḥadshot Haaretz – Hebrew: חַדְשׁוֹת הָאָרֶץ, IPA: [χadˈʃot haˈʔaʁets] lit. 'News of the Land [of Israel]') is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel. It is published in both Hebrew and English in the Berliner format. The English edition is published and sold together with The New York Times International Edition. Its Hebrew and English editions are available on the internet. In North America, it is published as a weekly newspaper, combining articles from the Friday edition with a roundup from the rest of the week. Haaretz is Israel's newspaper of record.[4][5] It is known for its left-wing and liberal stances on domestic and foreign issues.[6]
| Type | Daily newspaper |
|---|---|
| Format | Berliner |
| Owner(s) | Schocken family (75%) Leonid Nevzlin (25%)[1] |
| Publisher | Amos Schocken, M. DuMont Schauberg |
| Editor | Aluf Benn[2] |
| Founded | 1919 |
| Political alignment | Centre-left to left-wing Liberalism Progressivism |
| Language | Hebrew, English |
| Headquarters | Global HQ: Tel Aviv, Israel North American HQ: New York City |
| Circulation | 72,000 (weekends: 100,000)[3] |
| Website |
|
As of 2022,[update] Haaretz has the third-largest circulation in Israel.[7] It is widely read by international observers, especially in its English edition, and discussed in the international press.[8] According to the Center for Research Libraries, among Israel's daily newspapers, "Haaretz is considered the most influential and respected for both its news coverage and its commentary."[9]
History and ownership
Haaretz was first published in 1918 as a newspaper sponsored by the British military government in Palestine.[10] In 1919, it was taken over by a group of socialist-oriented Zionists, mainly from Russia.[11][12] The newspaper was established on 18 June 1919 by a group of businessmen including the philanthropist Isaac Leib Goldberg,[13] initially called Hadashot Ha'aretz ("News of the Land"). Later, the name was shortened to Haaretz.[14] The literary section of the paper attracted leading Hebrew writers of the time.[15]
The newspaper was initially published in Jerusalem. From 1919 to 1922, the paper was headed by a succession of editors, among them Leib Yaffe. It was closed briefly due to a budgetary shortfall and reopened in Tel Aviv at the beginning of 1923 under the editorship of Moshe Glickson, who held the post for 15 years.[12] The Tel Aviv municipality granted the paper financial support by paying in advance for future advertisements.[16]
Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Haaretz's liberal viewpoint was to some degree associated with the General Zionist "A" faction,[17] which later helped form the Progressive Party,[18] though it was nonpartisan and careful not to espouse any specific party line.[19][20] It was considered the most sophisticated of the Yishuv's dailies.[17]
Salman Schocken, a Jewish businessman who left Germany in 1934 after the Nazis had come to power, bought the paper in December 1935. Schocken was active in Brit Shalom, also known as the Jewish–Palestinian Peace Alliance, a body supporting co-existence between Jews and Arabs which was sympathetic to a homeland for both peoples. His son, Gershom Schocken, became the chief editor in 1939 and held that position until his death in 1990.[21]
The Schocken family were the sole owners of the Haaretz Group until August 2006, when they sold a 25% stake to German publisher M. DuMont Schauberg.[22] The deal was negotiated with the help of the former Israeli ambassador to Germany, Avi Primor.[23] This deal was seen as controversial in Israel as DuMont Schauberg's father, Kurt Neven DuMont, was member of the Nazi Party and his publishing house promoted Nazi ideology.[24]
On 12 June 2011, it was announced that Russian-Israeli businessman Leonid Nevzlin had purchased a 20% stake in the Haaretz Group, buying 15% from the family and 5% from M. DuMont Schauberg.[25] In December 2019, members of the Schocken family bought all of the Haaretz stock belonging to M. DuMont Schauberg.[1] The deal saw the Schocken family reach 75% ownership, with the remaining 25% owned by Leonid Nevzlin.[1]
In October 2012, a union strike mobilized to protest planned layoffs by the Haaretz management, causing a one-day interruption of Haaretz and its TheMarker business supplement. According to Israel Radio, it was the first time since 1965 that a newspaper did not go to press on account of a strike.[26][27]
Management
The newspaper's editorial policy was defined by Gershom Schocken, who was editor-in-chief from 1939 to 1990. Schocken was succeeded as editor-in-chief by Hanoch Marmari. In 2004 David Landau replaced Marmari and was succeeded by Dov Alfon in 2008.[28] The current editor-in-chief of the newspaper is Aluf Benn, who replaced Alfon in August 2011.[2] Charlotte Halle became editor of the English print edition in February 2008.
Walter Gross was a member of the governing editorial board and a columnist with the paper from 1951 to 1995.[29]
Editorial policy and viewpoints
Haaretz describes itself as having "a broadly liberal outlook both on domestic issues and on international affairs",[30] and has been summarized as being "liberal on security, civil rights and economy, supportive of the Supreme Court, very critical of Netanyahu's government".[31] Others describe it alternatively as liberal,[32][33][34] centre-left,[35] left-wing,[36][37][38] and the country's only major left-leaning newspaper.[39] The paper opposes retaining Israeli control over the Palestinian territories and consistently supports peace initiatives.[40] The Haaretz editorial line is supportive of weaker elements in Israeli society, such as sex workers, foreign laborers, Israeli Arabs, Ethiopian immigrants, and Russian immigrants.[11]
In 2006, the BBC said that Haaretz takes a moderate stance on foreign policy and security.[41] David Remnick in The New Yorker described Haaretz as "easily the most liberal newspaper in Israel", its ideology as left-wing and its temper as "insistently oppositional".[28] According to Ira Sharkansky, Haaretz's op-ed pages are open to a variety of opinions.[42] J. J. Goldberg, the editor of the American The Jewish Daily Forward, describes Haaretz as "Israel's most vehemently anti-settlement daily paper".[43] Stephen Glain of The Nation described Haaretz as "Israel's liberal beacon", citing its editorials voicing opposition to the occupation, the discriminatory treatment of Arab citizens, and the mindset that led to the Second Lebanon War.[44] A 2003 study in The International Journal of Press/Politics concluded that Haaretz's reporting of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict was more favorable to Israelis than to Palestinians but less so than that of The New York Times.[45] In 2016, Jeffrey Goldberg, the editor-in-chief of The Atlantic, wrote: "I like a lot of the people at Haaretz, and many of its positions, but the cartoonish anti-Israelism and anti-Semitism can be grating."[46][47]
Formatting, circulation, and reputation
Circulation
In 2022, a TGI survey found that Haaretz was the newspaper with the third largest readership in Israel, with an exposure rate of 4.7%, below Israel Hayom's rate of 31% and Yedioth Ahronoth's 23.9%.[7]
Formatting and image
Haaretz uses smaller headlines and print than other mass circulation papers in Israel. Less space is devoted to pictures, and more to political analysis. Opinion columns are generally written by regular commentators rather than guest writers.[11] Its editorial pages are considered influential among government leaders.[48] Apart from the news, Haaretz publishes feature articles on social and environmental issues, as well as book reviews, investigative reporting, and political commentary. In 2008, the newspaper itself reported a paid subscribership of 65,000, daily sales of 72,000 copies, and 100,000 on weekends.[3] The English edition has a subscriber base of 15,000.[44]
Readership and reception
Despite its historically relatively low circulation in Israel, Haaretz has for many years been described as Israel's most influential daily newspaper.[49][50][51] In 2006, it exposed a scandal regarding professional and ethical standards at Israeli hospitals.[52] Its readership includes members of Israel's intelligentsia and members of its political and economic elites.[53][54] In 1999, surveys showed that Haaretz readership had above-average education, income, and wealth, and that most were Ashkenazi Jews.[44][55] Some have said that Haaretz functions in Israel much as The New York Times does in the United States, as a newspaper of record.[56][57] In 2007, Shmuel Rosner, Haaretz's former U.S. correspondent, told The Nation, "people who read it are better educated and more sophisticated than most, but the rest of the country doesn't know it exists."[44] According to Hanoch Marmari, a former Haaretz editor, the newspaper has lost its political influence in Israel because it became "detached" from the country's political life.[58]
Andrea Levin, executive director of the pro-Israel Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America (CAMERA), said Haaretz was doing "damage to the truth" and sometimes making serious factual errors without correcting them.[59] According to The Jerusalem Post, Haaretz editor-in-chief David Landau said at the 2007 Limmud conference in Moscow that he had told his staff not to report on criminal investigations against Prime Minister Ariel Sharon in order to promote Sharon's 2004–2005 Gaza disengagement plan.[60] In April 2017, Haaretz published an op-ed by a staff writer that said the Israeli religious right was worse than Hezbollah.[61][62] Condemnation followed, including from Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, President Reuven Rivlin, and other government ministers and MPs, as well as from Opposition Leader Isaac Herzog.[63]
Internet editions
Haaretz operates both Hebrew and English language websites. The two sites offer up-to-the-minute breaking news, live Q&A sessions with newsmakers from Israel, the Palestinian territories and elsewhere, and blogs covering a range of political standpoints and opinions. The two sites fall under the supervision of Lior Kodner, the head of digital media for the Haaretz Group. Individually, Simon Spungin is the editor of Haaretz.com (English) and Avi Scharf is the editor of Haaretz.co.il (Hebrew).[64][65]
Offices
The Haaretz building is on Schocken Street in south Tel Aviv.[28]
The former Haaretz building of 1932–1973 was designed by architect Joseph Berlin. It was demolished in the early 1990s, with only part of the facade preserved and integrated into the new building at 56, Maza Street.
Journalists and writers
Present
- Ruth Almog – literature, publicist
- Merav Arlosoroff – economy affairs columnist (in The Marker)
- Avraham Balaban – Tel Aviv and cultural history publicist
- Zvi Barel – Middle East affair commentator
- Omer Benjakob - technology, disinformation, Wikipedia
- Aluf Benn – editor-in-chief
- Bradley Burston – political columnist[66]
- Saggi Cohen – food columnist
- Lily Galili[67]
- Doram Gaunt – food columnist
- Avirama Golan
- Ehud Barak
- Ehud Olmert
- Zehava Galon
- Amos Harel – military correspondent
- Israel Harel – columnist
- Danna Harman – feature writer
- Amira Hass – Ramallah-based Palestinian affairs correspondent.
- Avi Issacharoff – military correspondent
- Uri Klein – film critic[68]
- Yitzhak Laor – publicist
- Alex Levac – photo columnist
- Gideon Levy – Palestinian affairs columnist
- Amir Mandel – classic music critic
- Amir Oren – military affairs
- Sammy Peretz – economic affairs columnist (in The Marker)
- Anshel Pfeffer – political and military affairs
- Tsafrir Rinat – environmental issues
- Guy Rolnick – economic affairs editorialist (of The Marker)
- Doron Rosenblum – satirist, publicist
- Ruth Schuster,[69] Senior Editor for archaeology and science at the Haaretz English Edition.
- Tom Segev – historian, political commentator
- Ben Shalev – popular music critic
- Nehemia Shtrasler – economic affairs, publicist
- Simon Spungin – Managing Editor, English Edition
- Gadi Taub – political commentary
- Amir Tibon
- Yossi Verter – political reporter
- Esther Zandberg – architecture
- Benny Ziffer – literature, publicist
Past
- Nathan Alterman (1910-1970)
- Moshe Arens – columnist
- Ehud Asheri[70]
- Gidi Avivi – popular music critic[71]
- Meron Benvenisti (1934-2020) – political columnist
- Noam Ben Ze'ev – music critic
- Yoram Bronowski (1948-2001) – literary critic, TV critic
- Arie Caspi[72]
- Daniel Dagan
- Akiva Eldar – diplomatic affairs analyst[73]
- Amos Elon (1926-2009) – correspondent, editor, writer
- Boaz Evron
- Michael Handelzalts – theater critic, columnist
- Sayed Kashua – satiric columnist, author
- Jerrold Kessel
- Tami Litani
- Aviva Lori[74]
- Yoel Marcus – political commentator, publicist[75]
- Yossi Melman – former intelligence correspondent
- Natasha Mozgovaya – former U.S. correspondent
- Ran Reznick – health issues[68]
- Daniel Rogov – food and wine critic
- Danny Rubinstein – former Arab affairs analyst
- Gideon Samet – political commentator[76]
- Yossi Sarid (1040-2015) – politician, publicist
- Ze'ev Schiff – military and defense analyst
- Daniel Ben Simon[77]
- Ruth Sinai – social welfare and humanitarian issues
- Ze'ev Segal – law
- Ari Shavit – political columnist[78]
- Yair Sheleg – Jewish religious affairs[79]
- Nadav Shragai
- Ze'ev Sternhell – political commentary
- Benjamin Tammuz (1919-1989) - literary critic, writer, editor of the literary supplement
- Pavel Wolberg – photographer
- Merav Michaeli
See also
References
- ^ a b c Haaretz management (19 December 2019). "Shareholders Bought Haaretz Stock Owned by M. DuMont Schauberg". Haaretz. from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Aluf Benn named new editor-in-chief of Haaretz". Haaretz. 1 August 2011. from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
- ^ a b "Dov Alfon named as new Haaretz editor-in-chief". Haaretz. 12 February 2008. from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "Newspapers, Hebrew". Encyclopedia Judaica. Vol. 12. Jerusalem: Keter Books. 1978.
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- ^ Dan Caspi & Yehiel Limor (1999). The In/outsiders: The Media in Israel. Hampton Press. p. 79.
Haaretz was closely aligned with the General Zionists A faction (which became the Progressive Party in 1948), a liberal stream in the Zionist Movement. The newspaper consistently maintained a liberal-centrist and anti-socialist orientation in social and economic affairs and generally adopted a dovish and firm anti-nationalistic line in political and security matters.
- ^ Peri, Yoram (2004). Telepopulism: Media and Politics in Israel. Stanford University Press. p. 75. ISBN 9780804750028. from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
Similarly, Haaretz, although independent, had a distinctly liberal (though nonpartisan) character. It is not surprising that its editor, Gershom Schocken, was a representative of the Progressive Party in the third Knesset in the years 1955–59.
- ^ Palestine Affairs. Vol. 2. American Zionist Emergency Council. 1947.
Haaretz has always been the mouthpiece of the liberal wing of the General Zionists, and through the years it has gained a reputation for independence and high literary standards.
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- ^ Dridi, Tarak (9 July 2020). "Reporting Strategies of Israeli Print Media: Jerusalem Post and Haaretz as a Case Study". SAGE Open. 10 (3). doi:10.1177/2158244020936986. S2CID 222080595.
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- ^ "Propaganda war". The Economist. 16 August 2014. from the original on 14 August 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
- ^ Cohen, I. Mateo (Spring 2022). "The Right-Wing 'One-State Solution': Narrative, Proposals, and the Future of the Conflict". Israel Studies. 27 (1). Indiana University Press: 132–155. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.27.1.06. JSTOR 10.2979/israelstudies.27.1.06. S2CID 247621415.
- ^ Israel — Hebrew- and English-Language Media Guide, p. 14
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- ^ Sharkansky, Ira (2005). Governing Israel: Chosen People, Promised Land, & Prophetic Tradition. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-7658-0277-4. from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
- ^ Goldberg, J. J. (3 April 2009). "Are Religious Soldiers To Blame for Alleged Abuse?". The Forward. from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ a b c d Stephen Glain (24 September 2007). . The Nation. Archived from the original on 7 November 2018. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
- ^ Matt Viser (September 2003). "Attempted Objectivity: An Analysis of the New York Times and Ha'aretz and their Portrayals of the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict". The International Journal of Press/Politics. 8 (4): 114–120. doi:10.1177/1081180X03256999. S2CID 145209853.
- ^ Journalist Jeffrey Goldberg stirs storm after tweeting he might stop reading Haaretz 11 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine, JTA, 2 August 2016
- ^ Amos Schocken, third-generation proprietor of Ha'aretz 11 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Financial Times, John Reed, 3 October 2016
- ^ Beckerman, Gal (September–October 2005). . Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on 7 October 2007. Retrieved 21 June 2007.
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- ^ Karpin, Michael (2006). The Bomb in the Basement. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. ix. ISBN 0-7432-6595-5.
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There is a widespread consensus in Israel and elsewhere that Haaretz is Israel's best and most prestigious newspaper—in effect, the Israeli equivalent of the New York Times.
(subscription required) - ^ עורך 'הארץ' לשעבר: 'הארץ' איבד את מעמדו הציבורי [Former Haaretz editor: Haaretz has lost its public standing] (in Hebrew). nrg Maariv. 8 January 2013. from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
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- ^ "Paper draws fire for op-ed calling national religious worse than Hezbollah" 13 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Times of Israel, 13 April 2017.
- ^ "Haaretz slammed for article calling national religious 'worse than Hezbollah'" 14 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Ynetnews, 13 April 2017.
- ^ "Haaretz op-ed draws condemnations across the political spectrum" 14 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Israel Hayom, 13 April 2017.
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- ^ Zur Glozman, Masha (4 January 2013). "The million Russians that Changed Israel to its core". Haaretz. from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
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- ^ Carmel, Asaf (3 March 2008). "Haaretz journalist Ehud Asheri dies of cancer at 57". Haaretz. from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Avivi, Gidi (18 July 2001). "Irresistible look at a master". Haaretz. from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
- ^ Orna Coussin (21 September 2007). "A compelling lesson". Haaretz. from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014. Review of Arie Caspi. Hazakim al halashim (Strong Over the Weak). Xargol/Am Oved.
- ^ "News in Brief". Haaretz. 5 October 2007. from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Ofer Aderet (9 October 2013). "Aviva Lori, veteran writer for Haaretz Magazine, passes away". Haaretz. from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Carmel, Asaf (9 November 2007). "Fellow journalists to honor Haaretz commentator Yoel Marcus in Eilat". Haaretz. from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Aviva Lori (3 July 2008). "The long goodbye". Haaretz. from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Ben Simon, Daniel (13 June 2008). "Daniel Ben-Simon: Why I'm leaving journalism for politics". Haaretz. from the original on 9 February 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ^ Ari Shavit (9 December 2002). "No Man's Land: The idea of a city disappears". The New Yorker. from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2014.[failed verification]
- ^ Elan Ezrachi, Ph.D. (c. 2000). . Dorot and Nathan Cummings Foundations. Archived from the original on 26 April 2004.
Further reading
- Merrill, John C.; Fisher, Harold A. (1980). The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers.
- Remnick, David (28 February 2011). "The Dissenters – Haaretz prides itself on being the conscience of Israel. Does it have a future?". The New Yorker.
- Rosner, Shmuel (11 May 2017). "The People vs. Haaretz". The New York Times.
- Schult, Christoph (31 December 2008). "Problems at Israel's Haaretz: Newspaper Without a Country". Der Spiegel.
External links
- Official website
- Official website (in Hebrew)
- "About Haaretz". Haaretz. 12 July 2001.
- "Archive of Hebrew edition, 1918–2019".