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120-PM-43 mortar

February 15, 2024

The M1943 Mortar or 120-PM-43 (Russian: 120-Полевой Миномёт-43) or the 120-mm mortar Model 1943 (Russian: 120-мм миномет обр. 1943 г.), also known as the SAMOVAR, is a Soviet 120 millimeter calibre smoothbore mortar first introduced in 1943 as a modified version of the M1938 mortar.[5] It virtually replaced the M1938 as the standard weapon for mortar batteries in all Soviet infantry battalions by the late 1980s, though the armies of the Warsaw Pact utilised both in their forces.[6]

M1943 Mortar
120mm PM-43 mortar
TypeMortar
Place of originSoviet Union
Service history
WarsEastern Front (World War II)
Korean War[1]
Vietnam War[2]
Lebanese Civil War
Soviet–Afghan War[3]
Gulf War
South Sudanese Civil War[4]
Specifications
Mass275 kg (606 lb)
Crew6
Caliber120 mm (4.7 in)
Breechmuzzle loaded
Elevation+45° to +80°
Rate of fire9 rpm maximum, 70 rds/hr sustained
Muzzle velocity272 m/s (890 ft/s) Frag-HE & HE
Effective firing range5,700 m (6,200 yd) maximum, 500 m (550 yd) minimum

Design edit

This muzzle-loading mortar can be easily broken down into three parts – barrel, bipod and baseplate – for movement over short distances or towed by a GAZ-66 truck on a two-wheel tubular carriage. The baseplate mounting permits all-azimuth firing, however as with most Soviet mortars it was difficult to turn rapidly over a wide traverse. It could accommodate small-angle shifts of up to 6 degrees without having to shift the baseplate though.[6]

Variants edit

It was copied in China as the Type 53 mortar.[7] A more robust but heavier version, the Type 55, was developed by Norinco.[8] Egypt also produced a locally modified variant, the Helwan Model UK 2.[9] An improved version called the 2B11 Sani was also produced by the Soviets and, in combination with the 2B9 Vasilek, was being used to phase out the M1943 from service.[6]

Users edit

 
A map with nations that use the 120-PM-43 mortar in blue

Former users edit

References edit

  1. ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (December 2002). Korean War Order of Battle: United States, United Nations, and Communist Ground, Naval, and Air Forces, 1950-1953. Praeger. p. 198. ISBN 978-0-275-97835-8. from the original on 2018-12-09. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
  2. ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (10 Feb 2009). North Vietnamese Army Soldier 1958–75. Warrior 135. Osprey Publishing. p. 32. ISBN 9781846033711.
  3. ^ Campbell, David (30 Nov 2017). Soviet Paratrooper vs Mujahideen Fighter: Afghanistan 1979–89. Combat 29. Osprey Publishing. pp. 19, 77. ISBN 9781472817648.
  4. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 492.
  5. ^ "120-HM 38". Encyclopédie des armes : Les forces armées du monde (in French). Vol. IX. Atlas. 1986. pp. 2042–2043.
  6. ^ a b c US Army, FM 100-2-3 The Soviet Army: Troops, Organization and Equipment, 5–60
  7. ^ a b c d "120 mm Type 53 mortar". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002-2003. 15 March 1992. pp. 1295–1296.
  8. ^ "NORINCO 120 mm Type 55 mortar". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002-2003. 4 June 2001. pp. 1295–1296.
  9. ^ "Helwan 120 mm Model UK 2 heavy mortar". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002-2003. 4 June 2001. pp. 1617–1618.
  10. ^ Bhatia, Michael Vinai; Sedra, Mark (May 2008). Small Arms Survey (ed.). Afghanistan, Arms and Conflict: Armed Groups, Disarmament and Security in a Post-War Society. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 978-0-415-45308-0. from the original on 2018-09-01. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "120 mm M-43 mortar". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002-2003. 4 June 2001. pp. 3682–3683.
  12. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 320.
  13. ^ "National inventories, Bangladesh". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. 22 November 2000. p. 819.
  14. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 431.
  15. ^ "Trade Registers". armstrade.sipri.org.
  16. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 239.
  17. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 435.
  18. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 436.
  19. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 438.
  20. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 393.
  21. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 324.
  22. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 449.
  23. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 450.
  24. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 400.
  25. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 107.
  26. ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (1993). Armies of the Gulf War. Elite 45. Osprey Publishing. p. 49. ISBN 9781855322776.
  27. ^ Small Arms Survey (2012). . Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets. Cambridge University Press. p. 131. ISBN 978-0-521-19714-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
  28. ^ US Department of Defense. "120mm M-1943 Mortar". North Korea Country Handbook 1997, Appendix A: Equipment Recognition (PDF). p. A-91. (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2019-06-01.
  29. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 265.
  30. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 271.
  31. ^ Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost (23 March 2021). "Tracking Arms Transfers By The UAE, Russia, Jordan And Egypt To The Libyan National Army Since 2014". Oryx Blog.
  32. ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2021). The Military Balance. p. 473. ISBN 9781032012278.
  33. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 458.
  34. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 276.
  35. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 277.
  36. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 406.
  37. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 469.
  38. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 471.
  39. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 289.
  40. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 354.
  41. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 297.
  42. ^ The Military Balance 2016, p. 478.
  43. ^ Humanitarian Operation Factual Analysis July 2006 – May 2009 (PDF). Ministry Of Defence Democratic Socialist Republic Of Sri Lanka. Retrieved 9 September 2021.

External links edit

  • – Jane's Infantry Weapons

February 15, 2024
mortar, m1943, mortar, russian, Полевой, Миномёт, mortar, model, 1943, russian, мм, миномет, обр, 1943, also, known, samovar, soviet, millimeter, calibre, smoothbore, mortar, first, introduced, 1943, modified, version, m1938, mortar, virtually, replaced, m1938. The M1943 Mortar or 120 PM 43 Russian 120 Polevoj Minomyot 43 or the 120 mm mortar Model 1943 Russian 120 mm minomet obr 1943 g also known as the SAMOVAR is a Soviet 120 millimeter calibre smoothbore mortar first introduced in 1943 as a modified version of the M1938 mortar 5 It virtually replaced the M1938 as the standard weapon for mortar batteries in all Soviet infantry battalions by the late 1980s though the armies of the Warsaw Pact utilised both in their forces 6 M1943 Mortar120mm PM 43 mortarTypeMortarPlace of originSoviet UnionService historyWarsEastern Front World War II Korean War 1 Vietnam War 2 Lebanese Civil WarSoviet Afghan War 3 Gulf WarSouth Sudanese Civil War 4 SpecificationsMass275 kg 606 lb Crew6Caliber120 mm 4 7 in Breechmuzzle loadedElevation 45 to 80 Rate of fire9 rpm maximum 70 rds hr sustainedMuzzle velocity272 m s 890 ft s Frag HE amp HEEffective firing range5 700 m 6 200 yd maximum 500 m 550 yd minimum Contents 1 Design 2 Variants 3 Users 3 1 Former users 4 References 5 External linksDesign editThis muzzle loading mortar can be easily broken down into three parts barrel bipod and baseplate for movement over short distances or towed by a GAZ 66 truck on a two wheel tubular carriage The baseplate mounting permits all azimuth firing however as with most Soviet mortars it was difficult to turn rapidly over a wide traverse It could accommodate small angle shifts of up to 6 degrees without having to shift the baseplate though 6 Variants editIt was copied in China as the Type 53 mortar 7 A more robust but heavier version the Type 55 was developed by Norinco 8 Egypt also produced a locally modified variant the Helwan Model UK 2 9 An improved version called the 2B11 Sani was also produced by the Soviets and in combination with the 2B9 Vasilek was being used to phase out the M1943 from service 6 Users edit nbsp A map with nations that use the 120 PM 43 mortar in blue nbsp Afghanistan 10 nbsp Albania 11 nbsp Algeria 12 nbsp Bangladesh Type 53 variant 13 nbsp Botswana 6 14 nbsp Burkina Faso 12 15 nbsp Cambodia 16 nbsp Cape Verde 6 17 nbsp Central African Republic 12 in store 18 nbsp China Manufactured as Type 53 and Type 55 11 nbsp Republic of the Congo 28 19 nbsp Cuba 20 nbsp Czech Republic 11 nbsp Egypt PM 43 21 and Helwan Model UK 2 11 nbsp Guinea 22 nbsp Guinea Bissau 8 23 nbsp Guyana 18 24 nbsp Hungary 1 as of 2016 update 25 nbsp Iraq 11 26 nbsp Kazakhstan 27 nbsp North Korea 28 29 nbsp Laos 30 nbsp Libya 31 nbsp Madagascar 8 32 nbsp Mozambique 12 33 nbsp Myanmar Type 53 variant 34 nbsp Nepal 35 nbsp Nicaragua 24 36 nbsp Pakistan Type 53 variant 7 nbsp Romania 11 nbsp Russia 11 nbsp Slovakia 11 nbsp South Sudan Type 55 37 nbsp Sudan 38 nbsp Sri Lanka 39 nbsp Syria 11 40 nbsp Tanzania Type 53 variant 7 nbsp Vietnam PM 43 Type 53 and Type 55 7 11 41 nbsp Zimbabwe 6 42 Former users edit nbsp East Germany 11 Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam 43 nbsp South Yemen 11 nbsp Soviet Union 11 nbsp Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 11 References edit Rottman Gordon L December 2002 Korean War Order of Battle United States United Nations and Communist Ground Naval and Air Forces 1950 1953 Praeger p 198 ISBN 978 0 275 97835 8 Archived from the original on 2018 12 09 Retrieved 2019 06 01 Rottman Gordon L 10 Feb 2009 North Vietnamese Army Soldier 1958 75 Warrior 135 Osprey Publishing p 32 ISBN 9781846033711 Campbell David 30 Nov 2017 Soviet Paratrooper vs Mujahideen Fighter Afghanistan 1979 89 Combat 29 Osprey Publishing pp 19 77 ISBN 9781472817648 The Military Balance 2016 p 492 120 HM 38 Encyclopedie des armes Les forces armees du monde in French Vol IX Atlas 1986 pp 2042 2043 a b c US Army FM 100 2 3 The Soviet Army Troops Organization and Equipment 5 60 a b c d 120 mm Type 53 mortar Jane s Infantry Weapons 2002 2003 15 March 1992 pp 1295 1296 NORINCO 120 mm Type 55 mortar Jane s Infantry Weapons 2002 2003 4 June 2001 pp 1295 1296 Helwan 120 mm Model UK 2 heavy mortar Jane s Infantry Weapons 2002 2003 4 June 2001 pp 1617 1618 Bhatia Michael Vinai Sedra Mark May 2008 Small Arms Survey ed Afghanistan Arms and Conflict Armed Groups Disarmament and Security in a Post War Society Routledge p 66 ISBN 978 0 415 45308 0 Archived from the original on 2018 09 01 Retrieved 2019 06 01 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n 120 mm M 43 mortar Jane s Infantry Weapons 2002 2003 4 June 2001 pp 3682 3683 The Military Balance 2016 p 320 National inventories Bangladesh Jane s Infantry Weapons 2001 2002 22 November 2000 p 819 The Military Balance 2016 p 431 Trade Registers armstrade sipri org The Military Balance 2016 p 239 The Military Balance 2016 p 435 The Military Balance 2016 p 436 The Military Balance 2016 p 438 The Military Balance 2016 p 393 The Military Balance 2016 p 324 The Military Balance 2016 p 449 The Military Balance 2016 p 450 The Military Balance 2016 p 400 The Military Balance 2016 p 107 Rottman Gordon L 1993 Armies of the Gulf War Elite 45 Osprey Publishing p 49 ISBN 9781855322776 Small Arms Survey 2012 Blue Skies and Dark Clouds Kazakhstan and Small Arms Small Arms Survey 2012 Moving Targets Cambridge University Press p 131 ISBN 978 0 521 19714 4 Archived from the original PDF on 2018 08 31 Retrieved 2019 06 01 US Department of Defense 120mm M 1943 Mortar North Korea Country Handbook 1997 Appendix A Equipment Recognition PDF p A 91 Archived PDF from the original on 2016 03 04 Retrieved 2019 06 01 The Military Balance 2016 p 265 The Military Balance 2016 p 271 Mitzer Stijn Oliemans Joost 23 March 2021 Tracking Arms Transfers By The UAE Russia Jordan And Egypt To The Libyan National Army Since 2014 Oryx Blog International Institute for Strategic Studies 2021 The Military Balance p 473 ISBN 9781032012278 The Military Balance 2016 p 458 The Military Balance 2016 p 276 The Military Balance 2016 p 277 The Military Balance 2016 p 406 The Military Balance 2016 p 469 The Military Balance 2016 p 471 The Military Balance 2016 p 289 The Military Balance 2016 p 354 The Military Balance 2016 p 297 The Military Balance 2016 p 478 Humanitarian Operation Factual Analysis July 2006 May 2009 PDF Ministry Of Defence Democratic Socialist Republic Of Sri Lanka Retrieved 9 September 2021 International Institute for Strategic Studies February 2016 The Military Balance 2016 Vol 116 Routlegde ISBN 9781857438352 External links editM 43 120 mm mortar Russian Federation Mortars Jane s Infantry Weapons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 120 PM 43 mortar amp oldid 1177127049, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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