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.32 ACP

March 08, 2023

.32 ACP (Automatic Colt Pistol, also known as .32 Automatic) is a centerfire pistol cartridge. It is a semi-rimmed, straight-walled cartridge developed by firearms designer John Browning, initially for use in the FN M1900 semi-automatic pistol. It was introduced in 1899 by Fabrique Nationale, and is also known as the 7.65×17mmSR Browning or 7.65 mm Browning Short.[5]

.32 ACP
Standard (left) and nickel-coated military (right) full metal jacket (FMJ) .32 ACP rounds
TypePistol
Place of originUnited States
Production history
DesignerJohn Browning
ManufacturerFabrique Nationale
Produced1899–present
Specifications
Case typeSemi-rimmed, straight
Bullet diameter.3125 in (7.94 mm)
Neck diameter.3365 in (8.55 mm)
Base diameter.337 in (8.6 mm)
Rim diameter.358 in (9.1 mm)
Rim thickness.045 in (1.1 mm)
Case length.680 in (17.3 mm)
Overall length.984 in (25.0 mm)
Primer typeSmall pistol
Maximum pressure20,500 psi (141 MPa)
Ballistic performance
Bullet mass/type Velocity Energy
60 gr (4 g) JHP[1] 1,100 ft/s (335 m/s) 161 ft⋅lbf (218 J)
65 gr (4 g) JHP[2] 925 ft/s (282 m/s) 123 ft⋅lbf (167 J)
71 gr (5 g) FMJ[3] 984 ft/s (300 m/s) 158 ft⋅lbf (214 J)
73 gr (5 g) FMJ[4] 1,043 ft/s (318 m/s) 177 ft⋅lbf (240 J)
Test barrel length: 4 in,[1] 4 in,[2] 5.9 in,[3] 3.9 in[4]
Source(s): [1][2][3][4]

History

John Browning engineered a number of modern semi-automatic pistol mechanisms and cartridges. As his first pistol cartridge, the .32 ACP needed a straight wall for reliable blowback operation as well as a small rim for reliable feeding from a box magazine. The cartridge headspaces on the rim.[6] The cartridge was a success and was adopted by dozens of countries and many governmental agencies.

When the .32 ACP cartridge was introduced, it was immediately popular and was available in several blowback automatic pistols of the day, including the Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless, the Savage Model 1907 automatic pistol, the Ruby pistol and the Browning Model 1910 automatic pistol. The popularity of the .32 ACP in the early half of the 20th century cannot be overstated—especially in Europe. Firearms expert Geoffrey Boothroyd, of the UK, informed author Ian Fleming, his countryman, that James Bond's sidearm should be a Walther PPK chambered in .32 ACP. A significant factor in recommending this round was its availability throughout the world in the 1950s.[7]

The .32 ACP has been chambered in more handguns than any other cartridge. Between 1899 and 1909, Fabrique Nationale produced 500,000 guns chambered for .32 ACP.[8]

Heckler & Koch produced the HK 4, their first handgun, in 1967. Twelve thousand HK 4 pistols were produced in .32 ACP for the German police and other government agencies.

Several long guns have been chambered in .32 ACP, from the Tirmax and Dreyse carbines to the AR-15-style Armi Jager AP-74.

Design

The .32 ACP was intended for blowback semi-automatic pistols, which lack breech locking mechanisms. It was John Pedersen with the Remington Model 51 that delivered a true locked breech for the .32 ACP cartridge. The low power and light bullet of the cartridge allowed Browning to incorporate a practical blowback mechanism in a small pocket-size pistol. It is still used today, primarily in compact, inexpensive pistols, unless the pistol is used for ISSF competition, where the cost then escalates. Cartridges in .32 ACP are also sometimes used in caliber conversion sleeves, also known as supplemental chambers, for providing an alternative pistol caliber carbine function in .30-caliber hunting and service rifles.

Some comparison of the .32 Automatic as defined by SAAMI and the 7.65 Browning as defined by CIP may be useful. Although some of the cartridge measurements differ by as much as 0.16 mm, the names are considered to be synonymous. However, the maximum average pressure - as measured by a transducer on the test barrel - is 20,500 psi (1,410 bar) according to SAAMI, while CIP allows up to 1,600 bar (23,000 psi). This may explain why the cartridges from European manufacturers tend to chronograph at higher muzzle velocities than those from American manufacturers.

Performance

 
.32 ACP (left) next to a .380 ACP (right)

The .32 ACP is compact and light. While some believe it has marginal stopping power,[9] it has been used effectively by military and police worldwide for the past century. Although .32 ACP handguns were traditionally made of steel, they have been produced in lightweight polymers since the 1990s. Their light weight, very low recoil and very good accuracy relative to larger caliber pistols make them suitable for concealed carry use. Some popular pistols chambered in .32 ACP are the Walther PP and the Walther PPK as well as the FEG PA-63, which is a clone of the Walther PP.

It offers more velocity and energy than the .32 S&W, which was a popular round for pocket defensive revolvers at the time of the .32 ACP's development. Although with lighter bullet weights, the .32 ACP also compares favorably to the .32 S&W Long in performance. Some European 73-grain .32 ACP loads provide similar performance to the .32 H&R Magnum 77-grain lead flat point and 90-grain lead semiwadcutter.

Even though the .32 ACP is capable of killing small game, most handguns chambered for this round utilize fixed sights and are designed for use against human-sized targets at fairly close range, which greatly limits their utility as hunting handguns.

.32 ACP is one of the most common calibers used in veterinary "humane killers", such as the Greener humane killer.

In Europe, where the round is commonly known as the 7.65mm Browning and features a different rimsizing, .32 ACP has always been more widely accepted than it has in America, having a long history of use by civilians, law enforcement personnel, and security forces, along with limited issue by military forces.[5] During the second half of the 20th century, several European countries developed firearms for police, chambered in 9×18mm Makarov while chambering the same pistol for civilians in .32 ACP and .380 ACP. Examples include the Vz. 82/CZ-83 from Czechoslovakia, FEG PA-63/AP 765 from Hungary, SIG Sauer P230 from Switzerland, and P-83 Wanad from Poland.

Today the cartridge has an increased popularity in the United States due to modern compact concealed carry pistols chambered for it, such as the Kel-Tec P-32, Beretta Tomcat, Seecamp LWS 32 and North American Arms Guardian .32. This increase in popularity has led many ammunition manufacturers[who?] to develop new loads for the cartridge to increase performance. However, these subcompact guns typically have barrel lengths around 2.5 inches. The traditional steel guns chambered for .32 ACP have barrel lengths around 3.5 inches. Different barrel lengths can have a significant effect on bullet performance with longer barrels providing higher muzzle velocity and energy. For example, a Cor-Bon 60-grain .32 ACP JHP has 130 foot pounds of energy when fired out of a 2.5-inch barrel and 165 foot pounds of energy when fired out of a 3.5-inch barrel.[10] A shorter barrel length can also reduce the range of a bullet.

Gallery

  •  

    .32 ACP cartridge

  •  

    Modern versions of the .32 ACP include heavier bullets with advanced expansion

  •  

    .380 ACP (left) next to a .32 ACP (right)

  •  

    From left to right: .32 Short, .32 ACP, .32 S&W Long, .32 H&R Magnum and .327 Federal Magnum.

Synonyms

  • .32 Auto (typical designation in America)
  • .32 Browning Auto
  • .32 Rimless Smokeless (Used on early pistols chambered for it)
  • 7.65 mm Browning (typical designation in Europe)
  • 7.65×17mm
  • 7.65×17mm Browning SR (SR = Semi-Rimmed)
  • 7.65 Walther

Prominent firearms chambered in .32 ACP

See also


Notes

  1. ^ The FÉG AP 765 is a variant of the FÉG PA-63.

References

  1. ^ a b c . Archived from the original on 2015-01-21. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  2. ^ a b c . Archived from the original on 2007-09-22. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  3. ^ a b c "Geco 7.65 Browning/.32 ACP". Retrieved June 23, 2016.
  4. ^ a b c "Sellier & Bellot Pistol and Revolver Cartridges". Retrieved October 22, 2015.
  5. ^ a b Barnes, Frank C. (2006) [1965]. Skinner, Stan (ed.). Cartridges of the World (11th ed.). Iola, WI, USA: Gun Digest Books. p. 289. ISBN 0-89689-297-2.
  6. ^ Wilson, R. K. Textbook of Automatic Pistols, p.254. Plantersville, SC: Small Arms Technical Publishing Company, 1943.
  7. ^ Ian Fleming (March 19, 1962). . Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
  8. ^ Woodard, W. Todd. Shooter's Bible Guide to Cartridges, New York: Skyhorse, 2011.
  9. ^ Hornady (2003). Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading. vol I (6th ed.). Grand Island, NE, USA: Hornady Mfg Co. p. 710.
  10. ^ "Ballistics by the Inch .32 ACP Results". Retrieved 2013-10-03.
  11. ^ . Archived from the original on 2014-03-01. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
  12. ^ "Beretta Web". Retrieved 2015-09-09.
  13. ^ "Webley & Scott M1905-M1908". 22 October 2010. Retrieved 2013-09-30.

External links

  • Is The .32 Mission Feasible? 2013-07-03 at the Wayback Machine
  • Ballistics 101 .32 ACP Ballistics Chart
  • Ballistics By The Inch .32 ACP Results
  • Brass Fetcher .32 ACP Gelatin Tests
  • Mouse Gun Addict Ammo Tests

March 08, 2023
this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, october, 2020, learn, when, remove, this, te. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations October 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message 32 ACP Automatic Colt Pistol also known as 32 Automatic is a centerfire pistol cartridge It is a semi rimmed straight walled cartridge developed by firearms designer John Browning initially for use in the FN M1900 semi automatic pistol It was introduced in 1899 by Fabrique Nationale and is also known as the 7 65 17mmSR Browning or 7 65 mm Browning Short 5 32 ACPStandard left and nickel coated military right full metal jacket FMJ 32 ACP roundsTypePistolPlace of originUnited StatesProduction historyDesignerJohn BrowningManufacturerFabrique NationaleProduced1899 presentSpecificationsCase typeSemi rimmed straightBullet diameter 3125 in 7 94 mm Neck diameter 3365 in 8 55 mm Base diameter 337 in 8 6 mm Rim diameter 358 in 9 1 mm Rim thickness 045 in 1 1 mm Case length 680 in 17 3 mm Overall length 984 in 25 0 mm Primer typeSmall pistolMaximum pressure20 500 psi 141 MPa Ballistic performanceBullet mass type Velocity Energy60 gr 4 g JHP 1 1 100 ft s 335 m s 161 ft lbf 218 J 65 gr 4 g JHP 2 925 ft s 282 m s 123 ft lbf 167 J 71 gr 5 g FMJ 3 984 ft s 300 m s 158 ft lbf 214 J 73 gr 5 g FMJ 4 1 043 ft s 318 m s 177 ft lbf 240 J Test barrel length 4 in 1 4 in 2 5 9 in 3 3 9 in 4 Source s 1 2 3 4 Contents 1 History 2 Design 3 Performance 4 Gallery 5 Synonyms 6 Prominent firearms chambered in 32 ACP 7 See also 8 Notes 9 References 10 External linksHistory EditJohn Browning engineered a number of modern semi automatic pistol mechanisms and cartridges As his first pistol cartridge the 32 ACP needed a straight wall for reliable blowback operation as well as a small rim for reliable feeding from a box magazine The cartridge headspaces on the rim 6 The cartridge was a success and was adopted by dozens of countries and many governmental agencies When the 32 ACP cartridge was introduced it was immediately popular and was available in several blowback automatic pistols of the day including the Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless the Savage Model 1907 automatic pistol the Ruby pistol and the Browning Model 1910 automatic pistol The popularity of the 32 ACP in the early half of the 20th century cannot be overstated especially in Europe Firearms expert Geoffrey Boothroyd of the UK informed author Ian Fleming his countryman that James Bond s sidearm should be a Walther PPK chambered in 32 ACP A significant factor in recommending this round was its availability throughout the world in the 1950s 7 The 32 ACP has been chambered in more handguns than any other cartridge Between 1899 and 1909 Fabrique Nationale produced 500 000 guns chambered for 32 ACP 8 Heckler amp Koch produced the HK 4 their first handgun in 1967 Twelve thousand HK 4 pistols were produced in 32 ACP for the German police and other government agencies Several long guns have been chambered in 32 ACP from the Tirmax and Dreyse carbines to the AR 15 style Armi Jager AP 74 Design EditThe 32 ACP was intended for blowback semi automatic pistols which lack breech locking mechanisms It was John Pedersen with the Remington Model 51 that delivered a true locked breech for the 32 ACP cartridge The low power and light bullet of the cartridge allowed Browning to incorporate a practical blowback mechanism in a small pocket size pistol It is still used today primarily in compact inexpensive pistols unless the pistol is used for ISSF competition where the cost then escalates Cartridges in 32 ACP are also sometimes used in caliber conversion sleeves also known as supplemental chambers for providing an alternative pistol caliber carbine function in 30 caliber hunting and service rifles Some comparison of the 32 Automatic as defined by SAAMI and the 7 65 Browning as defined by CIP may be useful Although some of the cartridge measurements differ by as much as 0 16 mm the names are considered to be synonymous However the maximum average pressure as measured by a transducer on the test barrel is 20 500 psi 1 410 bar according to SAAMI while CIP allows up to 1 600 bar 23 000 psi This may explain why the cartridges from European manufacturers tend to chronograph at higher muzzle velocities than those from American manufacturers Performance Edit 32 ACP left next to a 380 ACP right The 32 ACP is compact and light While some believe it has marginal stopping power 9 it has been used effectively by military and police worldwide for the past century Although 32 ACP handguns were traditionally made of steel they have been produced in lightweight polymers since the 1990s Their light weight very low recoil and very good accuracy relative to larger caliber pistols make them suitable for concealed carry use Some popular pistols chambered in 32 ACP are the Walther PP and the Walther PPK as well as the FEG PA 63 which is a clone of the Walther PP It offers more velocity and energy than the 32 S amp W which was a popular round for pocket defensive revolvers at the time of the 32 ACP s development Although with lighter bullet weights the 32 ACP also compares favorably to the 32 S amp W Long in performance Some European 73 grain 32 ACP loads provide similar performance to the 32 H amp R Magnum 77 grain lead flat point and 90 grain lead semiwadcutter Even though the 32 ACP is capable of killing small game most handguns chambered for this round utilize fixed sights and are designed for use against human sized targets at fairly close range which greatly limits their utility as hunting handguns 32 ACP is one of the most common calibers used in veterinary humane killers such as the Greener humane killer In Europe where the round is commonly known as the 7 65mm Browning and features a different rimsizing 32 ACP has always been more widely accepted than it has in America having a long history of use by civilians law enforcement personnel and security forces along with limited issue by military forces 5 During the second half of the 20th century several European countries developed firearms for police chambered in 9 18mm Makarov while chambering the same pistol for civilians in 32 ACP and 380 ACP Examples include the Vz 82 CZ 83 from Czechoslovakia FEG PA 63 AP 765 from Hungary SIG Sauer P230 from Switzerland and P 83 Wanad from Poland Today the cartridge has an increased popularity in the United States due to modern compact concealed carry pistols chambered for it such as the Kel Tec P 32 Beretta Tomcat Seecamp LWS 32 and North American Arms Guardian 32 This increase in popularity has led many ammunition manufacturers who to develop new loads for the cartridge to increase performance However these subcompact guns typically have barrel lengths around 2 5 inches The traditional steel guns chambered for 32 ACP have barrel lengths around 3 5 inches Different barrel lengths can have a significant effect on bullet performance with longer barrels providing higher muzzle velocity and energy For example a Cor Bon 60 grain 32 ACP JHP has 130 foot pounds of energy when fired out of a 2 5 inch barrel and 165 foot pounds of energy when fired out of a 3 5 inch barrel 10 A shorter barrel length can also reduce the range of a bullet Gallery Edit 32 ACP cartridge Modern versions of the 32 ACP include heavier bullets with advanced expansion 380 ACP left next to a 32 ACP right From left to right 32 Short 32 ACP 32 S amp W Long 32 H amp R Magnum and 327 Federal Magnum Synonyms Edit 32 Auto typical designation in America 32 Browning Auto 32 Rimless Smokeless Used on early pistols chambered for it 7 65 mm Browning typical designation in Europe 7 65 17mm 7 65 17mm Browning SR SR Semi Rimmed 7 65 WaltherProminent firearms chambered in 32 ACP EditAstra A 60 Bayard 1908 Beretta 3032 Tomcat Beretta M1915 Beretta M1935 Beretta Model 70 11 Beretta Model 81 and 82 Beretta Model 90 12 Bersa 84 Lusber Bersa Thunder 32 Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless CZ 27 Vz 27 CZ 50 CZ 70 CZ 83 CZ Skorpion Vz 61 Machine pistol Dreyse M1907 Erma KGP 68A Baby Luger FEG 37M Pistol FEG AP 765 Pistol a FEG Frommer Stop FN M1900 FN Model 1910 and 1910 22 Hamada Type pistol Heckler amp Koch HK 4 P11 Heckler amp Koch HK P7K3 Jieffeco Model 1911 Kel Tec P 32 Llama Bufalo Danton Llama I Llama X A MAB Model D Mauser HSc Mauser Model 1914 Mauser Model 1934 Ortgies Semi Automatic Pistol Oznobischev 1925 Pardini HP Radom P 83 Wanad Remington 51 Romanian Pistol Carpați Md 1974 Ruby Sauer 38H Savage Model 1907 Seecamp LWS 32 SIG Sauer P230 Star Izarra Star Model 1914 1919 Star SIS Steyr Pieper Model 1908 34 Taurus Millennium PT132 Taurus TCP 732 Taurus PT57 Walther PP Walther PPK Webley amp Scott M1905 M1908 13 Welrod Zastava M70See also Edit 32 NAA 7 mm caliber for other cartridges of similar diameter 7 0 7 99 mm diameter List of handgun cartridges Table of handgun and rifle cartridgesNotes Edit The FEG AP 765 is a variant of the FEG PA 63 References Edit a b c 32 Auto 60gr Fiocchi JHP Archived from the original on 2015 01 21 Retrieved September 29 2014 a b c Federal Cartridge Co ballistics page Archived from the original on 2007 09 22 Retrieved 2007 02 14 a b c Geco 7 65 Browning 32 ACP Retrieved June 23 2016 a b c Sellier amp Bellot Pistol and Revolver Cartridges Retrieved October 22 2015 a b Barnes Frank C 2006 1965 Skinner Stan ed Cartridges of the World 11th ed Iola WI USA Gun Digest Books p 289 ISBN 0 89689 297 2 Wilson R K Textbook of Automatic Pistols p 254 Plantersville SC Small Arms Technical Publishing Company 1943 Ian Fleming March 19 1962 The Guns Of James Bond Sports Illustrated Archived from the original on 2013 10 05 Retrieved 2013 10 03 Woodard W Todd Shooter s Bible Guide to Cartridges New York Skyhorse 2011 Hornady 2003 Hornady Handbook of Cartridge Reloading vol I 6th ed Grand Island NE USA Hornady Mfg Co p 710 Ballistics by the Inch 32 ACP Results Retrieved 2013 10 03 Beretta Web Archived from the original on 2014 03 01 Retrieved 2013 09 30 Beretta Web Retrieved 2015 09 09 Webley amp Scott M1905 M1908 22 October 2010 Retrieved 2013 09 30 External links EditIs The 32 Mission Feasible Archived 2013 07 03 at the Wayback Machine Ballistics 101 32 ACP Ballistics Chart Ballistics By The Inch 32 ACP Results Brass Fetcher 32 ACP Gelatin Tests Golden Loki 32 ACP Gelatin Tests Archived Mouse Gun Addict Ammo Tests Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 32 ACP amp oldid 1142835591, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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