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Greenbelt (Ottawa)

June 05, 2023

The Greenbelt (French: Ceinture de verdure) is a 203.5-square-kilometre (78.6 sq mi) protected green belt traversing Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It includes green space, forests, farms, and wetlands from Shirleys Bay in the west and to Green's Creek in the east.[1] It is the largest publicly owned green belt in the world[2] and the most ecologically diverse area in Eastern Ontario.[3] The National Capital Commission (NCC) owns and manages 149.5 square kilometres (57.7 sq mi), and the rest is held by other federal government departments and private interests.[1] Real estate development within the Greenbelt is strictly controlled.[citation needed]

Greenbelt (Ottawa)
Map of Ottawa showing the Greenbelt surrounding the urban core
LocationEastern Ontario, Canada
Nearest cityOttawa
Area203.5 km2 (78.6 sq mi)
Established1956
Governing bodyNational Capital Commission
ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/greenbelt

The Greenbelt lies within eight kilometers of Parliament Hill in downtown Ottawa and ranges in width from two to ten kilometers. It encircles many of the oldest communities in the City of Ottawa, and covers the same amount of land as the urbanized area of Ottawa that it surrounds.[4]

History

The Greenbelt was proposed by Jacques Gréber in 1950 as part of his master plan for Ottawa, and the federal government started expropriating land in 1956.[1] The majority of the lands were purchased by 1966 at an approximate cost of CA$40 million (in 1966 dollars), of which around 40% were acquired through expropriation.[4]

Its original purpose included the prevention of urban sprawl (which was threatening the rural areas surrounding the city), as well as to provide open space for the future development of farms, natural areas and government campuses.[1] At the time, the greenbelt was "intended to circumscribe an area large enough for the accommodation of some 500,000 persons. The inner limit was chosen by considering what area could be economically provided with municipal services."[5]

Growth beyond the 500,000 to 600,000 limit anticipated within the Greenbelt was planned to take place in satellite towns in rural areas beyond it, although these areas were not designated by the master plan. This proposal to build satellite towns was based on Ebenezer Howard's 1898 Social Cities scheme and also drew on Patrick Abercrombie's Greater London Plan, especially in the proposals for the Greenbelt to be implemented by development regulations.[6]

Prior to the completion of the Greber Plan, the Ottawa Area Planning Board (OAPB) was created in 1947 to control unregulated suburban expansion. Despite its creation, suburban townships continued to approve low-density subdivisions without municipal services. In an effort to stop low-density suburban expansion, the City of Ottawa successfully annexed rural township lands to the future proposed inside boundary of the Greenbelt in 1948. The rural townships fought the annexation and continued to refuse to zone parts of their land to accommodate a Greenbelt after their loss. After six years of conflict with the rural townships, it became clear that unlike in the Greater London Plan, it would not be possible to establish a Greenbelt using Ontario and Quebec planning legislation alone. As a result, in 1956 the Government of Canada decided to buy or expropriate Greenbelt lands as required.[7]

Despite these efforts, research planner H.A. Hossé noted as early as 1960 that there were signs that the Ottawa Greenbelt would not be able to restrain urban sprawl. The surrounding rural townships of Nepean and Gloucester retained zoning jurisdiction on lands outside the Greenbelt and encouraged their continuing development to increase municipal tax revenues. The Greenbelt was easily crossed by car in a few minutes, and this did not stop civil servants from seeking more affordable homes outside of it. He concluded that without an active program of planning control by the local municipalities involved, or by the province, growth would continue unabated outside the Greenbelt.[8]

 
Hunt Club Road (2011)

At the same time the Greenbelt was being assembled, developers were purchasing land beyond the belt for future use.[9] The population grew much faster than Gréber had predicted, and his population forecast for the year 2000 was reached as early as 1970. In 1965, the suburb of Kanata was built west of the Greenbelt in the Township of March, and the suburban communities of Orleans (Gloucester/Cumberland Township) and Barrhaven (Nepean Township) grew up quickly to the east and south of Greenbelt lands, even before the inner city had filled out. Highway development followed this suburban population growth, with Ontario Highway 417 to Montreal built through the eastern Greenbelt in 1975 and Ontario Highway 416 extended south through the southwestern Greenbelt in 1996.[10]

The rapid population increase encouraged suburban politicians to press for more development outside Greenbelt lands. With the formation of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton in 1969, suburban and rural politicians, who had a majority on the regional council used their power to press for urban expansion. Urban boundaries were continually expanded to incorporate further development on former farmland. This general pattern continued following municipal amalgamation in 2001.[9]

 
Barrhaven (2006)

The result of these ongoing policies can be seen in local settlement patterns. In 1971, 90 per cent of Ottawa homes were inside the Greenbelt. Seven per cent were in rural areas and only three per cent were in the suburbs. By 2007, only 65 per cent of households were inside the Greenbelt, while suburbs were home to 26 per cent of the city's total households. In that time, 60 per cent of Ottawa's population growth was outside the Greenbelt.[9] From 2005 to 2016 it was typical for there to be roughly twice as many housing starts outside the Greenbelt than inside.[11]

One outcome of this pattern of development outside the Greenbelt is an increased infrastructure burden on the city. While homes inside the Greenbelt pay the full cost of their development, it has been estimated that those in the suburbs receive the equivalent of a CA$5,000 taxpayer subsidy due the gap between development charges and infrastructure costs to the city. Urban planner and geographer Barry Wellar has estimated that this subsidy may be as high as CA$25,000 per house when the long-term maintenance costs of roads, bridges, pipes and transit equipment are factored in.[9]

Development

The City of Ottawa is undergoing[when?] an Official Plan Review which, among other things, examines the need for additional land for urban purposes. It considers whether a discussion of urban land should include the option of some development within the Greenbelt and it is intended that this discussion will feed into the NCC’s review of the Greenbelt Master Plan. All views expressed in [the] White Paper are those of the City of Ottawa and not those of the National Capital Commission[12] which owns and operates the Greenbelt. The City of Ottawa has identified more than 13,700 acres (55 km2) of the Greenbelt, worth about $1.6 billion, that could be developed, and in their view, without damaging its overall integrity.[13] Environment Minister Jim Prentice, opposed development in what he considered an important part of the city's heritage. Prentice vowed to fight any such move.[13]

In 2020, columnist Randall Denley of the Ottawa Citizen described the Greenbelt as "a failed attempt to contain growth, not a collection of natural treasures", and supported development within the Greenbelt because "it would give the city the land capacity it requires and deliver all the environmental, transportation and practical benefits that environment groups envision", while Ottawa city staff stated "Expanding urban lands within the Greenbelt is a more efficient use of resources than beyond it."[14]

Conservation

 
Mer Bleue Bog boardwalk (2019)

Throughout its history, the NCC has acted to preserve or enhance the natural environment of Greenbelt lands. In 1961, they entered into a 50 year forest management agreement with the Government of Ontario, which lead to the reforestation of abandoned and marginal farmland. The Pine Grove and Pinhey forests were largely the result of that initiative. In the 1970s, the ecological significance of areas such as the Mer Bleue and Stony Swamps were recognized and efforts were taken to protect them. Additional parts of Mer Bleue swamp were acquired and the overall biodiversity of the Greenbelt increased. Walking and ski trails were also created to allow for increased recreational use of these natural areas.[10]

Wildlife

The Greenbelt is home to a variety of wildlife:

Communities

Communities located within the Greenbelt:

Places of interest

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap 
Download coordinates as: KML
 
Trail marker

Places of interest within the Greenbelt are from east to west:

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d . National Capital Commission. Archived from the original on 2013-05-31. Retrieved 2013-04-26.
  2. ^ "Greenbelt". National Capital Commission. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  3. ^ "Conservation and scientific research in the Greenbelt". National Capital Commission. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  4. ^ a b SENES Consultants Limited (2014). Canada's capital greenbelt master plan. p. V. ISBN 978-1-100-23179-2. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  5. ^ Eggleston, W., 1961. The Queen's Choice. The National Capital Commission, Ottawa, Ontario, 325 pp.
  6. ^ Gordon, David (2001). "Weaving a Modern Plan for Canada's Capital: Jacques Gréber and the 1950 Plan for the National Capital Region". Urban History Review / Revue d'histoire urbaine. 29 (2): 48. doi:10.7202/1019205ar. ISSN 0703-0428. JSTOR 43562412. S2CID 162423044.
  7. ^ Gordon, David (2001). "Weaving a Modern Plan for Canada's Capital: Jacques Gréber and the 1950 Plan for the National Capital Region". Urban History Review / Revue d'histoire urbaine. 29 (2): 53. doi:10.7202/1019205ar. ISSN 0703-0428. JSTOR 43562412. S2CID 162423044.
  8. ^ Hosse, H. A. (November 1960). "Ottawa's Greenbelt and Its Anticipated Effects*". The Canadian Geographer. 4 (17): 35–40. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0064.1960.tb01844.x. ISSN 0008-3658. Retrieved 2022-06-19.
  9. ^ a b c d Adam, Mohammed (2008-05-17). "No easy solutions for growing problem; The constraints of Ottawa's waterways, the Greenbelt and a 'failure of will' to create a viable vision -- and stick to it -- have all played their parts in building today's Ottawa, Mohammed Adam writes". The Ottawa Citizen. Ottawa, Ont., Canada. pp. –3. ISSN 0839-3222. ProQuest 241179377. Retrieved 2022-06-21.
  10. ^ a b SENES Consultants Limited (2014). Canada's capital greenbelt master plan. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-100-23179-2. Retrieved 2022-06-26.
  11. ^ "Land Use and Ecology". Ottawa Insights. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  12. ^ City of Ottawa Greenbelt Whitepaper[permanent dead link]
  13. ^ a b Ottawa Housing Market: Ottawa Greenbelt Development Under Review
  14. ^ Denley, Randall (February 4, 2020). "Denley: If Ottawa is Serious About its Climate Emergency, it's Time to Consider Developing the Greenbelt". Ottawa Citizen.
  15. ^ . The National Capital Greenbelt. National Capital Commission. Archived from the original on 28 December 2012. Retrieved 7 March 2013.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Greenbelt (Ottawa).
  • National Capital Commission
  • interactive map
  • Ottawa Tourism and Convention Authority 2018-09-03 at the Wayback Machine

June 05, 2023
greenbelt, ottawa, greenbelt, french, ceinture, verdure, square, kilometre, protected, green, belt, traversing, ottawa, ontario, canada, includes, green, space, forests, farms, wetlands, from, shirleys, west, green, creek, east, largest, publicly, owned, green. The Greenbelt French Ceinture de verdure is a 203 5 square kilometre 78 6 sq mi protected green belt traversing Ottawa Ontario Canada It includes green space forests farms and wetlands from Shirleys Bay in the west and to Green s Creek in the east 1 It is the largest publicly owned green belt in the world 2 and the most ecologically diverse area in Eastern Ontario 3 The National Capital Commission NCC owns and manages 149 5 square kilometres 57 7 sq mi and the rest is held by other federal government departments and private interests 1 Real estate development within the Greenbelt is strictly controlled citation needed Greenbelt Ottawa Map of Ottawa showing the Greenbelt surrounding the urban coreLocationEastern Ontario CanadaNearest cityOttawaArea203 5 km2 78 6 sq mi Established1956Governing bodyNational Capital Commissionncc ccn wbr gc wbr ca wbr places wbr greenbeltThe Greenbelt lies within eight kilometers of Parliament Hill in downtown Ottawa and ranges in width from two to ten kilometers It encircles many of the oldest communities in the City of Ottawa and covers the same amount of land as the urbanized area of Ottawa that it surrounds 4 Contents 1 History 2 Development 3 Conservation 4 Wildlife 5 Communities 6 Places of interest 7 See also 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditThe Greenbelt was proposed by Jacques Greber in 1950 as part of his master plan for Ottawa and the federal government started expropriating land in 1956 1 The majority of the lands were purchased by 1966 at an approximate cost of CA 40 million in 1966 dollars of which around 40 were acquired through expropriation 4 Its original purpose included the prevention of urban sprawl which was threatening the rural areas surrounding the city as well as to provide open space for the future development of farms natural areas and government campuses 1 At the time the greenbelt was intended to circumscribe an area large enough for the accommodation of some 500 000 persons The inner limit was chosen by considering what area could be economically provided with municipal services 5 Growth beyond the 500 000 to 600 000 limit anticipated within the Greenbelt was planned to take place in satellite towns in rural areas beyond it although these areas were not designated by the master plan This proposal to build satellite towns was based on Ebenezer Howard s 1898 Social Cities scheme and also drew on Patrick Abercrombie s Greater London Plan especially in the proposals for the Greenbelt to be implemented by development regulations 6 Prior to the completion of the Greber Plan the Ottawa Area Planning Board OAPB was created in 1947 to control unregulated suburban expansion Despite its creation suburban townships continued to approve low density subdivisions without municipal services In an effort to stop low density suburban expansion the City of Ottawa successfully annexed rural township lands to the future proposed inside boundary of the Greenbelt in 1948 The rural townships fought the annexation and continued to refuse to zone parts of their land to accommodate a Greenbelt after their loss After six years of conflict with the rural townships it became clear that unlike in the Greater London Plan it would not be possible to establish a Greenbelt using Ontario and Quebec planning legislation alone As a result in 1956 the Government of Canada decided to buy or expropriate Greenbelt lands as required 7 Despite these efforts research planner H A Hosse noted as early as 1960 that there were signs that the Ottawa Greenbelt would not be able to restrain urban sprawl The surrounding rural townships of Nepean and Gloucester retained zoning jurisdiction on lands outside the Greenbelt and encouraged their continuing development to increase municipal tax revenues The Greenbelt was easily crossed by car in a few minutes and this did not stop civil servants from seeking more affordable homes outside of it He concluded that without an active program of planning control by the local municipalities involved or by the province growth would continue unabated outside the Greenbelt 8 Hunt Club Road 2011 At the same time the Greenbelt was being assembled developers were purchasing land beyond the belt for future use 9 The population grew much faster than Greber had predicted and his population forecast for the year 2000 was reached as early as 1970 In 1965 the suburb of Kanata was built west of the Greenbelt in the Township of March and the suburban communities of Orleans Gloucester Cumberland Township and Barrhaven Nepean Township grew up quickly to the east and south of Greenbelt lands even before the inner city had filled out Highway development followed this suburban population growth with Ontario Highway 417 to Montreal built through the eastern Greenbelt in 1975 and Ontario Highway 416 extended south through the southwestern Greenbelt in 1996 10 The rapid population increase encouraged suburban politicians to press for more development outside Greenbelt lands With the formation of the Regional Municipality of Ottawa Carleton in 1969 suburban and rural politicians who had a majority on the regional council used their power to press for urban expansion Urban boundaries were continually expanded to incorporate further development on former farmland This general pattern continued following municipal amalgamation in 2001 9 Barrhaven 2006 The result of these ongoing policies can be seen in local settlement patterns In 1971 90 per cent of Ottawa homes were inside the Greenbelt Seven per cent were in rural areas and only three per cent were in the suburbs By 2007 only 65 per cent of households were inside the Greenbelt while suburbs were home to 26 per cent of the city s total households In that time 60 per cent of Ottawa s population growth was outside the Greenbelt 9 From 2005 to 2016 it was typical for there to be roughly twice as many housing starts outside the Greenbelt than inside 11 One outcome of this pattern of development outside the Greenbelt is an increased infrastructure burden on the city While homes inside the Greenbelt pay the full cost of their development it has been estimated that those in the suburbs receive the equivalent of a CA 5 000 taxpayer subsidy due the gap between development charges and infrastructure costs to the city Urban planner and geographer Barry Wellar has estimated that this subsidy may be as high as CA 25 000 per house when the long term maintenance costs of roads bridges pipes and transit equipment are factored in 9 Development EditThe City of Ottawa is undergoing when an Official Plan Review which among other things examines the need for additional land for urban purposes It considers whether a discussion of urban land should include the option of some development within the Greenbelt and it is intended that this discussion will feed into the NCC s review of the Greenbelt Master Plan All views expressed in the White Paper are those of the City of Ottawa and not those of the National Capital Commission 12 which owns and operates the Greenbelt The City of Ottawa has identified more than 13 700 acres 55 km2 of the Greenbelt worth about 1 6 billion that could be developed and in their view without damaging its overall integrity 13 Environment Minister Jim Prentice opposed development in what he considered an important part of the city s heritage Prentice vowed to fight any such move 13 In 2020 columnist Randall Denley of the Ottawa Citizen described the Greenbelt as a failed attempt to contain growth not a collection of natural treasures and supported development within the Greenbelt because it would give the city the land capacity it requires and deliver all the environmental transportation and practical benefits that environment groups envision while Ottawa city staff stated Expanding urban lands within the Greenbelt is a more efficient use of resources than beyond it 14 Conservation Edit Mer Bleue Bog boardwalk 2019 Throughout its history the NCC has acted to preserve or enhance the natural environment of Greenbelt lands In 1961 they entered into a 50 year forest management agreement with the Government of Ontario which lead to the reforestation of abandoned and marginal farmland The Pine Grove and Pinhey forests were largely the result of that initiative In the 1970s the ecological significance of areas such as the Mer Bleue and Stony Swamps were recognized and efforts were taken to protect them Additional parts of Mer Bleue swamp were acquired and the overall biodiversity of the Greenbelt increased Walking and ski trails were also created to allow for increased recreational use of these natural areas 10 Wildlife EditThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed February 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message Great crested flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus Mer Bleue Conservation Area The Greenbelt is home to a variety of wildlife Mammals bat bear beaver coyote cottontail rabbit fisher muskrat porcupine raccoon red fox red squirrel snowshoe hare skunk white tailed deer rarely moose Birds barred owl screech owl great grey owl Canada goose sandhill crane great blue heron red tailed hawk American kestrel spruce grouse woodcock blue jay chickadee Insects walking stick praying mantis butterflies Reptiles Amphibians common garter snake painted turtle snapping turtleCommunities EditCommunities located within the Greenbelt Ashdale Bells Corners Blackburn Hamlet Kempark Merivale GardensPlaces of interest EditMap all coordinates using OpenStreetMap Download coordinates as KML Trail marker Places of interest within the Greenbelt are from east to west Green s Creek Conservation Area a nature reserve of a small tributary of the Ottawa River cutting through a lush clay valley 45 28 00 N 75 34 35 W 45 46667 N 75 57639 W 45 46667 75 57639 Hornets Nest soccer fields 11 soccer fields and an air supported dome for indoor soccer 45 26 35 N 75 34 35 W 45 44306 N 75 57639 W 45 44306 75 57639 Pine View Golf Course 36 hole public golf course 45 25 50 N 75 35 50 W 45 43056 N 75 59722 W 45 43056 75 59722 Mer Bleue Conservation Area 33 km2 13 sq mi sphagnum peat bog There are some 20 km 12 mi of walking trails including a 1 2 km 0 75 mi boardwalk through a remarkable boreal like ecosystem normally not found this far south Stunted black spruce tamarack together with bog rosemary blueberry and cottongrass are some of the unusual species that have adapted to the acidic waters of the bog The Mer Bleue bog French for Blue Sea got its name from the autumn morning fogs that make it appear as a blue sea 45 24 00 N 75 30 00 W 45 40000 N 75 50000 W 45 40000 75 50000 Pine Grove Forest 12 km2 4 6 sq mi of mixed use forest for hiking wildlife reserve and forestry 45 21 30 N 75 36 00 W 45 35833 N 75 60000 W 45 35833 75 60000 Conroy Pit a 1 1 km2 270 acres site on a former sand gravel pit off Conroy Road near Hunt Club Road now used primarily as an off leash dog park and for tobogganing in the winter It has several kilometres miles of urban forest trails and wide open areas The north end of the pit features a large toboggan hill 45 21 30 N 75 37 30 W 45 35833 N 75 62500 W 45 35833 75 62500 Hylands Golf Club 36 hole public golf course 45 19 00 N 75 38 35 W 45 31667 N 75 64306 W 45 31667 75 64306 Macdonald Cartier International Airport Ottawa s main airport for domestic international and general aviation 45 19 30 N 75 40 00 W 45 32500 N 75 66667 W 45 32500 75 66667 Agriculture Canada Research Farms 17 km2 6 6 sq mi site for research in animal disease prevention and treatment 45 19 08 N 75 45 12 W 45 31889 N 75 75333 W 45 31889 75 75333 The Log Farm a restored homestead from 1857 with guided tours 45 17 59 N 75 47 50 W 45 29972 N 75 79722 W 45 29972 75 79722 Bruce Pit a second former sand gravel pit off Cedarview Road between Hunt Club Road and Baseline Road It is now used as an off leash dog park and has a cross country trail system and a toboggan hill 45 19 30 N 75 48 00 W 45 32500 N 75 80000 W 45 32500 75 80000 Lime Kiln Trail trail to remains of 19th century Flood industrial lime kiln 45 17 13 7 N 75 48 48 8 W 45 287139 N 75 813556 W 45 287139 75 813556 Stony Swamp Conservation Area 20 km2 7 7 sq mi of provincially significant wetland It is also the largest forested area within the Greenbelt 15 and is popular for hiking and outdoor recreation It is also the study area for the Macoun Field Club 45 18 00 N 75 50 20 W 45 30000 N 75 83889 W 45 30000 75 83889 Wesley Clover Parks formerly the Nepean National Equestrian Park 45 20 22 N 75 51 10 W 45 33944 N 75 85278 W 45 33944 75 85278 and the Ottawa Municipal Campground 45 19 50 N 75 52 00 W 45 33056 N 75 86667 W 45 33056 75 86667 an equestrian facility and public campground with 127 serviced sites The 19th Tee Driving Range golf driving range and 18 hole mini putt park 45 20 43 N 75 52 38 W 45 34528 N 75 87722 W 45 34528 75 87722 Connaught National Army Cadet Summer Training Centre Military and cadet training centre also used by private shooting associations 45 21 40 N 75 54 00 W 45 36111 N 75 90000 W 45 36111 75 90000 Shirleys Bay an important wetland on the Ottawa River home to migratory birds and water fowl This location is ideally suited for bird watching 45 23 00 N 75 55 00 W 45 38333 N 75 91667 W 45 38333 75 91667See also Edit Ontario portalGreenbelt Golden Horseshoe greenbelt surrounding the Greater Toronto Area Sea to Sea Green Blue Belt greenbelt surrounding the Greater Victoria AreaReferences Edit a b c d About the National Capital Greenbelt National Capital Commission Archived from the original on 2013 05 31 Retrieved 2013 04 26 Greenbelt National Capital Commission Retrieved 2022 06 26 Conservation and scientific research in the Greenbelt National Capital Commission Retrieved 2022 06 26 a b SENES Consultants Limited 2014 Canada s capital greenbelt master plan p V ISBN 978 1 100 23179 2 Retrieved 2022 06 26 Eggleston W 1961 The Queen s Choice The National Capital Commission Ottawa Ontario 325 pp Gordon David 2001 Weaving a Modern Plan for Canada s Capital Jacques Greber and the 1950 Plan for the National Capital Region Urban History Review Revue d histoire urbaine 29 2 48 doi 10 7202 1019205ar ISSN 0703 0428 JSTOR 43562412 S2CID 162423044 Gordon David 2001 Weaving a Modern Plan for Canada s Capital Jacques Greber and the 1950 Plan for the National Capital Region Urban History Review Revue d histoire urbaine 29 2 53 doi 10 7202 1019205ar ISSN 0703 0428 JSTOR 43562412 S2CID 162423044 Hosse H A November 1960 Ottawa s Greenbelt and Its Anticipated Effects The Canadian Geographer 4 17 35 40 doi 10 1111 j 1541 0064 1960 tb01844 x ISSN 0008 3658 Retrieved 2022 06 19 a b c d Adam Mohammed 2008 05 17 No easy solutions for growing problem The constraints of Ottawa s waterways the Greenbelt and a failure of will to create a viable vision and stick to it have all played their parts in building today s Ottawa Mohammed Adam writes The Ottawa Citizen Ottawa Ont Canada pp 3 ISSN 0839 3222 ProQuest 241179377 Retrieved 2022 06 21 a b SENES Consultants Limited 2014 Canada s capital greenbelt master plan p 10 ISBN 978 1 100 23179 2 Retrieved 2022 06 26 Land Use and Ecology Ottawa Insights Retrieved 2022 06 20 City of Ottawa Greenbelt Whitepaper permanent dead link a b Ottawa Housing Market Ottawa Greenbelt Development Under Review Denley Randall February 4 2020 Denley If Ottawa is Serious About its Climate Emergency it s Time to Consider Developing the Greenbelt Ottawa Citizen Stony Swamp The National Capital Greenbelt National Capital Commission Archived from the original on 28 December 2012 Retrieved 7 March 2013 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Greenbelt Ottawa National Capital Commission interactive map Ottawa Tourism and Convention Authority Archived 2018 09 03 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Greenbelt Ottawa amp oldid 1150605945, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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