Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2
January 01, 1970
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2, also known as glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5gene.[5]
The glycine transporter 2 is a membrane protein which recaptures glycine, a major inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem. GlyT2 is a specific marker of glycinergic neurons and a member of the Na+ and Cl−-coupled transporter family SLC6. Glycine uptake mediated by GlyT2 is electrogenic, coupled to three Na+ and one Cl− (i.e. two positive charges per glycine). In humans, GlyT2 is encoded by the SLC6A5gene. Inactivation of GlyT2 in knockout mice is lethal during the second post-natal week as the absence of GlyT2 disrupts inhibitory transmission by reducing glycine release. Mutations in SLC6A5 gene are responsible for a presynaptic form of hyperekplexia, a genetic disease causing increased startle reflex. GlyT2 main physiological role is to recapture glycine released in the synaptic cleft and to maintain high glycine concentration in the presynaptic neuron. Therefore, chronic inhibition of GlyT2 will deplete intracellular storage of glycine and limit its accumulation in synaptic vesicles.[5][6]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000165970 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039728 – Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ abMorrow JA, Collie IT, Dunbar DR, Walker GB, Shahid M, Hill DR (November 1998). "Molecular cloning and functional expression of the human glycine transporter GlyT2 and chromosomal localisation of the gene in the human genome". FEBS Lett. 439 (3): 334–40. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01390-8. PMID 9845349. S2CID 82276379.
^"Entrez Gene: SLC6A5 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), member 5".
Gallagher MJ, Burgess LH, Brunden KR (1999). "Characterization of multiple forms of the human glycine transporter type-2". Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 70 (1): 101–15. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00135-7. PMID 10381548.
Evans J, Herdon H, Cairns W, et al. (2000). "Cloning, functional characterisation and population analysis of a variant form of the human glycine type 2 transporter". FEBS Lett. 463 (3): 301–6. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99)01636-1. PMID 10606742. S2CID 21445629.
Martínez-Maza R, Poyatos I, López-Corcuera B, et al. (2001). "The role of N-glycosylation in transport to the plasma membrane and sorting of the neuronal glycine transporter GLYT2". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (3): 2168–73. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006774200. PMID 11036075.
Geerlings A, Núñez E, Rodenstein L, et al. (2002). "Glycine transporter isoforms show differential subcellular localization in PC12 cells". J. Neurochem. 82 (1): 58–65. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00930.x. PMID 12091465. S2CID 22855247.
Baliova M, Betz H, Jursky F (2004). "Calpain-mediated proteolytic cleavage of the neuronal glycine transporter, GlyT2". J. Neurochem. 88 (1): 227–32. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02192.x. PMID 14675166. S2CID 26788320.
Jamra RA, Villela AW, Klein K, et al. (2006). "No association between genetic variants at the GLYT2 gene and bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia". Psychiatr. Genet. 16 (3): 91. doi:10.1097/01.ypg.0000199450.07786.ab. PMID 16691125.
Rees MI, Harvey K, Pearce BR, et al. (2006). "Mutations in the gene encoding GlyT2 (SLC6A5) define a presynaptic component of human startle disease". Nat. Genet. 38 (7): 801–6. doi:10.1038/ng1814. PMC3204411. PMID 16751771.
Roux M, Supplisson S (2000). "Neuronal and glial glycine transporters have different stoichiometries". Neuron. 25 (2): 373–83. doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80901-0. PMID 10719892.
Aubrey K, Rossi FM, et al. (2007). "The transporters GlyT2 and VIAAT cooperate to determine the vesicular glycinergic phenotype" (PDF). J. Neurosci. 27 (23): 6273–81. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1024-07.2007. PMC6672136. PMID 17554001.
Rousseau F, Aubrey KR, Supplisson S (2008). "The glycine transporter GlyT2 controls the dynamics of synaptic vesicle refilling in inhibitory spinal cord neurons." J. Neurosci. 28 (39): 9755–68. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0509-08.2008. PMC6671229. PMID 18815261.
Eulenburg V, Becker K, Gomeza J, et al. (2006). "Mutations within the human GLYT2 (SLC6A5) gene associated with hyperekplexia". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 348 (2): 400–5. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.080. PMID 16884688. S2CID 27350533.
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sodium, chloride, dependent, glycine, transporter, also, known, glycine, transporter, glyt2, protein, that, humans, encoded, slc6a5, gene, slc6a5identifiersaliasesslc6a5, glyt, glyt2, hkpx3, net1, glycine, transporter, solute, carrier, family, member, 5externa. Sodium and chloride dependent glycine transporter 2 also known as glycine transporter 2 GlyT2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene 5 SLC6A5IdentifiersAliasesSLC6A5 GLYT 2 GLYT2 HKPX3 NET1 Glycine transporter 2 solute carrier family 6 member 5External IDsOMIM 604159 MGI 105090 HomoloGene 37901 GeneCards SLC6A5 OMA SLC6A5 orthologsGene location Human Chr Chromosome 11 human 1 Band11p15 1Start20 599 594 bp 1 End20 659 285 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 7 mouse 2 Band7 7 B4Start49 559 894 bp 2 End49 613 604 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed insecondary oocytesuperior vestibular nucleusmetencephaloncerebellumspinal cordcerebellar cortexcerebellar hemisphereprefrontal cortexpituitary glandlower lobe of lungTop expressed inmedial vestibular nucleuspontine nucleispinal cordanterior horn of spinal cordposterior horn of spinal corddorsal tegmental nucleusfacial motor nucleusadrenal glandcerebellar vermispineal glandMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionneurotransmitter sodium symporter activity symporter activity glycine sodium symporter activity metal ion binding glycine transmembrane transporter activityCellular componentintegral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane glycinergic synapse integral component of presynaptic membraneBiological processsynaptic transmission glycinergic neurotransmitter transport chemical synaptic transmission glycine transport glycine import across plasma membraneSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez9152104245EnsemblENSG00000165970ENSMUSG00000039728UniProtQ9Y345Q761V0RefSeq mRNA NM 004211NM 001318369NM 001146013NM 148931RefSeq protein NP 001305298NP 004202n aLocation UCSC Chr 11 20 6 20 66 MbChr 7 49 56 49 61 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse The glycine transporter 2 is a membrane protein which recaptures glycine a major inhibitory transmitter in the spinal cord and brainstem GlyT2 is a specific marker of glycinergic neurons and a member of the Na and Cl coupled transporter family SLC6 Glycine uptake mediated by GlyT2 is electrogenic coupled to three Na and one Cl i e two positive charges per glycine In humans GlyT2 is encoded by the SLC6A5 gene Inactivation of GlyT2 in knockout mice is lethal during the second post natal week as the absence of GlyT2 disrupts inhibitory transmission by reducing glycine release Mutations in SLC6A5 gene are responsible for a presynaptic form of hyperekplexia a genetic disease causing increased startle reflex GlyT2 main physiological role is to recapture glycine released in the synaptic cleft and to maintain high glycine concentration in the presynaptic neuron Therefore chronic inhibition of GlyT2 will deplete intracellular storage of glycine and limit its accumulation in synaptic vesicles 5 6 Contents 1 Inhibitors 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingInhibitors editAmoxapine Ethanol N Arachidonylglycine NAGly Opiranserin VVZ 149 ORG 25543 VVZ 368See also editSodium neurotransmitter symporter Solute carrier familyReferences edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000165970 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000039728 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine a b Morrow JA Collie IT Dunbar DR Walker GB Shahid M Hill DR November 1998 Molecular cloning and functional expression of the human glycine transporter GlyT2 and chromosomal localisation of the gene in the human genome FEBS Lett 439 3 334 40 doi 10 1016 S0014 5793 98 01390 8 PMID 9845349 S2CID 82276379 Entrez Gene SLC6A5 solute carrier family 6 neurotransmitter transporter glycine member 5 Further reading editLopez Corcuera B Aragon C Geerlings A 2002 Regulation of glycine transporters Biochem Soc Trans 29 Pt 6 742 5 doi 10 1042 BST0290742 PMID 11709067 Gallagher MJ Burgess LH Brunden KR 1999 Characterization of multiple forms of the human glycine transporter type 2 Brain Res Mol Brain Res 70 1 101 15 doi 10 1016 S0169 328X 99 00135 7 PMID 10381548 Evans J Herdon H Cairns W et al 2000 Cloning functional characterisation and population analysis of a variant form of the human glycine type 2 transporter FEBS Lett 463 3 301 6 doi 10 1016 S0014 5793 99 01636 1 PMID 10606742 S2CID 21445629 Martinez Maza R Poyatos I Lopez Corcuera B et al 2001 The role of N glycosylation in transport to the plasma membrane and sorting of the neuronal glycine transporter GLYT2 J Biol Chem 276 3 2168 73 doi 10 1074 jbc M006774200 PMID 11036075 Geerlings A Nunez E Rodenstein L et al 2002 Glycine transporter isoforms show differential subcellular localization in PC12 cells J Neurochem 82 1 58 65 doi 10 1046 j 1471 4159 2002 00930 x PMID 12091465 S2CID 22855247 Baliova M Betz H Jursky F 2004 Calpain mediated proteolytic cleavage of the neuronal glycine transporter GlyT2 J Neurochem 88 1 227 32 doi 10 1046 j 1471 4159 2003 02192 x PMID 14675166 S2CID 26788320 Jamra RA Villela AW Klein K et al 2006 No association between genetic variants at the GLYT2 gene and bipolar affective disorder and schizophrenia Psychiatr Genet 16 3 91 doi 10 1097 01 ypg 0000199450 07786 ab PMID 16691125 Rees MI Harvey K Pearce BR et al 2006 Mutations in the gene encoding GlyT2 SLC6A5 define a presynaptic component of human startle disease Nat Genet 38 7 801 6 doi 10 1038 ng1814 PMC 3204411 PMID 16751771 Roux M Supplisson S 2000 Neuronal and glial glycine transporters have different stoichiometries Neuron 25 2 373 83 doi 10 1016 s0896 6273 00 80901 0 PMID 10719892 Aubrey K Rossi FM et al 2007 The transporters GlyT2 and VIAAT cooperate to determine the vesicular glycinergic phenotype PDF J Neurosci 27 23 6273 81 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 1024 07 2007 PMC 6672136 PMID 17554001 Rousseau F Aubrey KR Supplisson S 2008 The glycine transporter GlyT2 controls the dynamics of synaptic vesicle refilling in inhibitory spinal cord neurons J Neurosci 28 39 9755 68 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 0509 08 2008 PMC 6671229 PMID 18815261 Eulenburg V Becker K Gomeza J et al 2006 Mutations within the human GLYT2 SLC6A5 gene associated with hyperekplexia Biochem Biophys Res Commun 348 2 400 5 doi 10 1016 j bbrc 2006 07 080 PMID 16884688 S2CID 27350533 nbsp This membrane protein related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sodium and chloride dependent glycine transporter 2 amp oldid 1192557821, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
