Giyesu (Manchu: ᡤᡳᠶᡝᡧᡠ, Möllendorff: Giyešu, Abkai: Giyexu; 1645–1697), formally known as Prince Kang, was a Manchu prince and general of the Qing dynasty. Born into the imperial Aisin Gioro clan, he was a distant cousin of the Kangxi Emperor and is best known for leading Qing forces to suppress a rebellion by Geng Jingzhong in southwestern China between 1674 and 1675 and repel an invasion by Taiwan warlord Zheng Jing in 1676–1677.
Giyesu was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as a great-grandson of Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty. His grandfather, Daišan, was the founding title holder of the Prince Li peerage. His father, Hūse (祜塞; d. 1646), who was the eighth and youngest son of Daišan, held the title of a feng'en zhenguo gong or first-class imperial duke. After Hūse died, his title was inherited by his second son, Jinggi (精濟; 1644–1649), who, sometime before 1649, was promoted to a junwang (second-rank prince). Jinggi died in July 1649. Giyesu, who was then only four years old, became the heir to Jinggi's princely peerage. In 1651, he was conferred the title "Prince Kang of the Second Rank".
In 1659, Giyesu's uncle, Mandahai (滿達海), was posthumously convicted and demoted from a qinwang (first-rank prince) to a beile (third-rank prince). Mandahai's son, Chang'adai, was also demoted from a qinwang to beile. The Prince Li peerage, which was previously held by Mandahai, was then passed on to Giyesu, who inherited it under the Prince Kang title; Giyesu was promoted to "Prince Kang of the First Rank".
CareerEdit
In the late spring of 1674, Prince Kang was appointed as a general and ordered to lead imperial troops to Zhejiang to suppress a rebellion by Geng Jingzhong, one of the "Three Feudatories". Among his deputies were Fulata, Laita (賴塔), Laha (喇哈) and Jirtab (紀爾他布). In the ninth month, when Prince Kang and his army arrived in Jinhua, Geng Jingzhong had already conquered Wenzhou, Chuzhou and other cities in southern Zhejiang. Not long later, Geng Jingzhong's subordinate, Xu Shangchao (徐尚朝), led 50,000 troops to attack Jinhua. In response, Prince Kang ordered Bayar (巴雅爾) and Mahada (馬哈達) to lead imperial forces to resist the rebels; Bayar and Mahada's forces defeated Wu Rongxian (吳榮先) and killed over 20,000 rebels. In the 12th month, Xu Shangchao personally led 50,000 troops to attack the villages south of Jinhua. Baya'er and Chen Shikai (陳世凱) led imperial troops to attack the rebels and defeated them at Jidaoshan (積道山), and recaptured Yongkang and Jinyun counties from the rebels. Prince Kang defeated Fang Maogong (方懋功) at Shangyu, and Feng Gongfu (馮公輔) at Yiwu and Wuyi County and took back the territories from the rebels.
In 1675, Mahada and Li Rong (李榮) defeated Sha Youxiang (沙有祥) at Taohua Ridge (桃花嶺) and recaptured Chuzhou from the rebels. In the following year, Prince Kang led imperial forces through Zhejiang and prepared to attack Fujian, which was under rebel control. Around the time, Zheng Jing, the ruler of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan, had occupied the prefectures of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou in Fujian. At this point, Geng Jingzhong's rebel forces were running short on supplies. In the ninth lunar month of 1676, Prince Kang successfully recaptured Jianyang and forced the rebels at Jianning and Yanping to surrender. Sensing that defeat was imminent, Geng Jingzhong sent his son, Geng Xianzuo (耿顯祚), to meet Prince Kang and convey his wish to surrender. He personally surrendered to Prince Kang later on. In the tenth month, Prince Kang and Qing imperial forces entered Fuzhou and completely pacified Geng Jingzhong's rebellion.
In the tenth lunar month of 1676, Zheng Jing's subordinate, Xu Yao (許耀), led 30,000 troops to attack Fuzhou. In response, Prince Kang ordered Lahada (拉哈達) to lead imperial forces to resist Zheng's forces. The imperial army was victorious and recaptured Ninghua, Qingliu, Changting and other counties. In the first month of 1677, Lahada and Laita (賴塔) defeated Zheng Jing's forces at Baimaoshan (白茅山) and Taipingshan (太平山), and recaptured Xinghua (now part of Putian and Xianyou) from the enemy. By the second month, they had driven Zheng Jing's forces out of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou and pacified most of Fujian. In the fourth month, Prince Kang wrote to Zheng Jing, who had retreated to Xiamen, to surrender. Zheng Jing refused, so Prince Kang prepared for an attack on Xiamen. At the same time, Prince Kang also recommended Yao Qisheng to the Qing imperial court to serve as the governor-general of Fujian. By 1680, Zheng Jing had been completely defeated in Fujian and forced to retreat with his remaining forces back to Taiwan.
Prince Kang died in 1697 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangliang of the First Rank (康良親王). He was survived by at least two sons, Chuntai (椿泰; d. 1709) and Bartu (巴爾圖; d. 1753), who successively inherited the Prince Kang title from their father.
FamilyEdit
Father: Huse, Prince Kanghuishun of the First Rank (康惠顺亲王)
Prince Kang appears as a minor character in the novel The Deer and the Cauldron by Louis Cha. In the novel, he befriends the protagonist, Wei Xiaobao, and becomes one of Wei's closest allies in the Qing imperial court.
giyesu, this, name, uses, manchu, naming, customs, family, name, aisin, gioro, manchu, ᡤᡳᠶᡝᡧᡠ, möllendorff, giyešu, abkai, giyexu, 1645, 1697, formally, known, prince, kang, manchu, prince, general, qing, dynasty, born, into, imperial, aisin, gioro, clan, dist. This name uses Manchu naming customs The family name is Aisin Gioro Giyesu Manchu ᡤᡳᠶᡝᡧᡠ Mollendorff Giyesu Abkai Giyexu 1645 1697 formally known as Prince Kang was a Manchu prince and general of the Qing dynasty Born into the imperial Aisin Gioro clan he was a distant cousin of the Kangxi Emperor and is best known for leading Qing forces to suppress a rebellion by Geng Jingzhong in southwestern China between 1674 and 1675 and repel an invasion by Taiwan warlord Zheng Jing in 1676 1677 GiyesuPrince Kang of the First RankPrince Kang of the First RankReign1659 1697PredecessorCanggadai as Prince Xun SuccessorChuntaiBorn1645 1645 Died1697 aged 51 52 IssueBartuChuntaiNamesAisin Gioro Giyesu 愛新覺羅 傑書 Posthumous namePrince Kangliang of the First Rank 康良親王 HouseAisin GioroFatherHuseGiyesuTraditional Chinese傑書Simplified Chinese杰书TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinJieshu Contents 1 Title inheritance 2 Career 3 Family 4 Ancestry 5 In fiction 6 See also 7 ReferencesTitle inheritance EditGiyesu was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as a great grandson of Nurhaci the founder of the Qing dynasty His grandfather Daisan was the founding title holder of the Prince Li peerage His father Huse 祜塞 d 1646 who was the eighth and youngest son of Daisan held the title of a feng en zhenguo gong or first class imperial duke After Huse died his title was inherited by his second son Jinggi 精濟 1644 1649 who sometime before 1649 was promoted to a junwang second rank prince Jinggi died in July 1649 Giyesu who was then only four years old became the heir to Jinggi s princely peerage In 1651 he was conferred the title Prince Kang of the Second Rank In 1659 Giyesu s uncle Mandahai 滿達海 was posthumously convicted and demoted from a qinwang first rank prince to a beile third rank prince Mandahai s son Chang adai was also demoted from a qinwang to beile The Prince Li peerage which was previously held by Mandahai was then passed on to Giyesu who inherited it under the Prince Kang title Giyesu was promoted to Prince Kang of the First Rank Career EditIn the late spring of 1674 Prince Kang was appointed as a general and ordered to lead imperial troops to Zhejiang to suppress a rebellion by Geng Jingzhong one of the Three Feudatories Among his deputies were Fulata Laita 賴塔 Laha 喇哈 and Jirtab 紀爾他布 In the ninth month when Prince Kang and his army arrived in Jinhua Geng Jingzhong had already conquered Wenzhou Chuzhou and other cities in southern Zhejiang Not long later Geng Jingzhong s subordinate Xu Shangchao 徐尚朝 led 50 000 troops to attack Jinhua In response Prince Kang ordered Bayar 巴雅爾 and Mahada 馬哈達 to lead imperial forces to resist the rebels Bayar and Mahada s forces defeated Wu Rongxian 吳榮先 and killed over 20 000 rebels In the 12th month Xu Shangchao personally led 50 000 troops to attack the villages south of Jinhua Baya er and Chen Shikai 陳世凱 led imperial troops to attack the rebels and defeated them at Jidaoshan 積道山 and recaptured Yongkang and Jinyun counties from the rebels Prince Kang defeated Fang Maogong 方懋功 at Shangyu and Feng Gongfu 馮公輔 at Yiwu and Wuyi County and took back the territories from the rebels In 1675 Mahada and Li Rong 李榮 defeated Sha Youxiang 沙有祥 at Taohua Ridge 桃花嶺 and recaptured Chuzhou from the rebels In the following year Prince Kang led imperial forces through Zhejiang and prepared to attack Fujian which was under rebel control Around the time Zheng Jing the ruler of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan had occupied the prefectures of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou in Fujian At this point Geng Jingzhong s rebel forces were running short on supplies In the ninth lunar month of 1676 Prince Kang successfully recaptured Jianyang and forced the rebels at Jianning and Yanping to surrender Sensing that defeat was imminent Geng Jingzhong sent his son Geng Xianzuo 耿顯祚 to meet Prince Kang and convey his wish to surrender He personally surrendered to Prince Kang later on In the tenth month Prince Kang and Qing imperial forces entered Fuzhou and completely pacified Geng Jingzhong s rebellion In the tenth lunar month of 1676 Zheng Jing s subordinate Xu Yao 許耀 led 30 000 troops to attack Fuzhou In response Prince Kang ordered Lahada 拉哈達 to lead imperial forces to resist Zheng s forces The imperial army was victorious and recaptured Ninghua Qingliu Changting and other counties In the first month of 1677 Lahada and Laita 賴塔 defeated Zheng Jing s forces at Baimaoshan 白茅山 and Taipingshan 太平山 and recaptured Xinghua now part of Putian and Xianyou from the enemy By the second month they had driven Zheng Jing s forces out of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou and pacified most of Fujian In the fourth month Prince Kang wrote to Zheng Jing who had retreated to Xiamen to surrender Zheng Jing refused so Prince Kang prepared for an attack on Xiamen At the same time Prince Kang also recommended Yao Qisheng to the Qing imperial court to serve as the governor general of Fujian By 1680 Zheng Jing had been completely defeated in Fujian and forced to retreat with his remaining forces back to Taiwan Prince Kang died in 1697 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangliang of the First Rank 康良親王 He was survived by at least two sons Chuntai 椿泰 d 1709 and Bartu 巴爾圖 d 1753 who successively inherited the Prince Kang title from their father Family EditFather Huse Prince Kanghuishun of the First Rank 康惠顺亲王 Mother Primary consort of the Khorchin Borjigin clan Consorts and issue Primary consort of the Khorchin Borjigin clan 嫡福晋 科尔沁博尔济吉特氏 daughter of Prince Esen 额森台吉 Primary consort of the Donggo clan 继福晋 董鄂氏 daughter of Huase 华塞 Chuntai Prince Kangdao of the First Rank 康悼亲王 春泰 fifth son Secondary consort of the Sakda clan 侧福晋 萨克达氏 daughter of Mase 马塞 Ba ertu Prince Kangjian of the First Rank 康简亲王 巴尔图 fourth son Mistress of the Sumuru clan 舒穆录氏 Nitaha Third class bulwark general 已革三等辅国将军 尼塔哈 first son Mistress of the Nara clan 那拉氏 daughter of Xihana 西哈纳 Yantai 燕泰 second son Mistress of the Li clan 李氏 Mistress of the Heseri clan daughter of Nartai 纳尔泰 Zha ertu third class bulwark general 三等辅国将军 扎尔图 third son Mistress of the Li clan Mistress of the Wang clan 王氏 Mistress of the Heseri clan daughter of Hese 赫瑟 Mistress of the Nara clan daughter of Nadai 纳岱 Mistress of the Niohuru clan Mistress of the Su clan 苏氏 Mistress of the Xiang clan 相氏 Concubine of the Liu clan 刘氏 Concubine of the Yang clan 杨氏 Ancestry EditAncestors of Giyesu 1 NurhaciDaishanTunggiya Hahana Jacing 佟佳哈哈纳扎青 HuseYehe Nara Subenzhu 叶赫那拉 苏本珠 primary consortGiyesuPrimary consort of the Khorchin Borjigin clanIn fiction EditPrince Kang appears as a minor character in the novel The Deer and the Cauldron by Louis Cha In the novel he befriends the protagonist Wei Xiaobao and becomes one of Wei s closest allies in the Qing imperial court See also EditPrince Li 禮 Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty Male membersReferences Edit 愛新覺羅宗譜 The genealogy of Aisin Gioro clan Hummel Arthur W Sr ed 1943 Giyesu Eminent Chinese of the Ch ing Period United States Government Printing Office Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Giyesu amp oldid 1065497712, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
