fbpx
Wikipedia

Gediminids

April 07, 2023

The House of Gediminid or simply the Gediminids (Lithuanian: Gediminaičiai, Samogitian: Gedėmėnātē, Belarusian: Гедзімінавічы, Polish: Giedyminowicze, Ukrainian: Гедиміновичі;) were a dynasty of monarchs in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that reigned from the 14th to the 16th century.[1] A cadet branch of this family, known as the Jagiellonian dynasty, reigned also in the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia.[2] Several other branches ranked among the leading aristocratic dynasties of Russia and Poland into recent times.[1]

Gediminids
(Гедзімінавічы, Гедымінавічы, Gediminaičiai, Gedėmėnātē, Giedyminowicze, Гедиміновичі, Гедиминовичи)
Parent housePalemonid dynasty
CountryGrand Duchy of Lithuania
Founded1315 or 1316
FounderGediminas
Final rulerSigismund II of Poland
TitlesKing/Grand Duke of Lithuania
Cadet branchesJagiellonian dynasty
Kęstutaičiai
Trubetskoy family
House of Golitsyn

Their monarchical title in Lithuanian primarily was, by some folkloristic data, kunigų kunigas ("Duke of Dukes"), and later on, didysis kunigas ("Great/High Duke") or, in a simple manner, karalius or kunigaikštis.[citation needed] In the 18th century, the latter form was changed into tautological didysis kunigaikštis, which nevertheless would be translated as "Grand Duke" (for its etymology, see Grand Prince).

Origin

The origin of Gediminas himself is much debated. Some sources say he was Vytenis' ostler, others that he was of peasant stock. Some historians consider him as the son or grandson of Lithuanian or Yatvingian King/duke Skalmantas. Most scholars agree, however, that Gediminas was Vytenis' brother (the parentage of Vytenis is explained differently in various fake genealogies, compiled from the 16th century onwards; according to the latest Polish research, his parentage cannot be established).[3]

Confirmed Gediminid rulers

Branches of the dynasty

 
The Gediminid symbol in Rambynas Hill, Lithuania

The Eastern Orthodox branches of the family were mostly Ruthenian, which also was one of the two main languages of their established state. Some of these families (e.g., Czartoryski) later converted to Roman Catholicism and became Polonized. Others (e.g., Galitzine) moved to Muscovy and became thoroughly Russified.

In Poland, most Gediminid families (such as Olelkowicz-Słucki, Wiśniowiecki, Zbaraski) are extinct, but at least some families survive to the present: Chowański, Czartoryski, Sanguszko, Siesicki (Dowmont-Siesicki, Szeszycki) and Koriatowicz-Kurcewicz.[citation needed].

The Russian Gediminid families include Bulgakov, Golitsin, Kurakin, Khovansky, Troubetzkoy, Mstislavsky, Belsky, and Volynsky.[citation needed] Some of these families also survive as of 2020.

Gediminid descendants

I. The descendants of *Bujwid Vytianis Rex. King Lithuania.

  1. Dukes Prince of Bujwid

I. The descendants of Narimantas:

  1. Dukes of Pinsky (nobility) [ru] (faded at the end of the 15th century)
    1. Dukes of Kurcewicze [pl]
      1. Dukes of Buremscy [pl]
  2. Dukes of Patrikeyev [ru]
    1. Dukes of Bulgakov (nobility) [ru]
    2. Dukes of Kurcewicze [pl]
      1. Dukes of Golitsyn
      2. Dukes of Kurakin
    3. Dukes of Schentyatev (nobility) [ru]
    4. Dukes of Khovansky (nobility) [ru]
  3. Dukes of Korecki
    1. Dukes of Ruzhinsky (nobility) [ru]

II. The descendants of Algirdas:

  1. Duke Andrei of Polotsk
    1. Dukes of Polubinsky (nobility) [ru]
    2. Dukes of Lukomsky (nobility) [ru]
  2. Dmitrijus Algirdaitis
    1. Dukes of Trubetskoy (Trubchevsk)
  3. Konstantinas Algirdaitis [ru]
    1. Dukes of Czartoryski
  4. Vladimiras Algirdaitis
    1. Olelkaičiai (descendants of Aleksandras Olelka [ru])
      1. Dukes of Slutsky (nobility) [ru] (faded at the end of the 16th century)
    2. Dukes of Belsky
  5. The descendants of Kaributas
    1. Dukes of Zbarazhsky (nobility) [ru]
      1. Dukes of Wiśniowiecki
      2. Dukes of Voronetsky (nobility) [ru]
      3. Dukes of Nesvisky [pl]
      4. Dukes of Porytskie (nobility) [ru]
  6. The descendants of Fiodoras Algirdaitis [ru]
    1. Dukes of Hurkowicze (nobility) [pl]
    2. Dukes of Kobryn
    3. Dukes of Sanguszko
  7. The Jagiellons
  8. The descendants of Lengvenis
    1. Dukes of Mstislavsky

III. The descendants of Kęstutis

  1. Patrikas Kęstutaitis
  2. Vaidotas Kęstutaitis
  3. Butautas Kęstutaitis
  4. Vytautas the Great
  5. Tautvilas Kęstutaitis
  6. Žygimantas Kęstutaitis

IV. The descendants of Jaunutis:

  1. Dukes of Zaslavsky
    1. Dukes of Mstislavsky

V. The descendants of Liubartas (faded in the first half of the 15th century)

VI. Koriatowicz [uk], descended from Karijotas

  1. Dukes of Podilskyi (nobility)
  2. Dukes of Volynsky (nobility) [ru]

Family tree

Butegeidis Bujwid
(? – c. 1292)
King/G. Duke of Lith., c. 1285 – c. 1292
Budvydas-Pukuveras Bujwid
(? – c. 1296)
King/G. Duke of Lith., c. 1292 – c. 1296
Vytenis Bujwid
(? – 1316)
King/G. Duke of Lith., c. 1296–1316		Gediminas
(c. 1275–1341)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1316–1341
Jaunutis
(?)
G. Duke of Lith., 1341–1345		Algirdas
(c. 1296–1377)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1345–1377		Kęstutis
(1297–1382)
Ladislaus (Jogaila)
(c. 1351–1434)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1377–1401
King of Poland, 1386–1434		Švitrigaila
(c. 1370–1452)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1430–1432		Vytautas
(1352–1430)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1401–1430		Žygimantas Kęstutaitis
(? – 1440)
King/G. Duke of Lith., 1432–1440
Jagiellon branch
(Jogailaičiai)

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Gediminaičiai". Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 16 February 2023.
  2. ^ Kiaupa, Zigmantas. "Jogailaičiai". Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 16 February 2023.
  3. ^ Jan Tęgowski, "Pierwsze pokolenia Gedyminowiczów", 1999

External links

  • Marek, Miroslav. "Genealogy of the House of Gediminas". Genealogy.EU.

April 07, 2023
gediminids, house, gediminid, simply, lithuanian, gediminaičiai, samogitian, gedėmėnātē, belarusian, Гедзімінавічы, polish, giedyminowicze, ukrainian, Гедиміновичі, were, dynasty, monarchs, grand, duchy, lithuania, that, reigned, from, 14th, 16th, century, cad. The House of Gediminid or simply the Gediminids Lithuanian Gediminaiciai Samogitian Gedemenate Belarusian Gedziminavichy Polish Giedyminowicze Ukrainian Gediminovichi were a dynasty of monarchs in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that reigned from the 14th to the 16th century 1 A cadet branch of this family known as the Jagiellonian dynasty reigned also in the Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia 2 Several other branches ranked among the leading aristocratic dynasties of Russia and Poland into recent times 1 Gediminids Gedziminavichy Gedyminavichy Gediminaiciai Gedemenate Giedyminowicze Gediminovichi Gediminovichi Columns of GediminasParent housePalemonid dynastyCountryGrand Duchy of LithuaniaFounded1315 or 1316FounderGediminasFinal rulerSigismund II of PolandTitlesKing Grand Duke of LithuaniaCadet branchesJagiellonian dynastyKestutaiciaiTrubetskoy familyHouse of GolitsynTheir monarchical title in Lithuanian primarily was by some folkloristic data kunigu kunigas Duke of Dukes and later on didysis kunigas Great High Duke or in a simple manner karalius or kunigaikstis citation needed In the 18th century the latter form was changed into tautological didysis kunigaikstis which nevertheless would be translated as Grand Duke for its etymology see Grand Prince Contents 1 Origin 2 Confirmed Gediminid rulers 3 Branches of the dynasty 4 Gediminid descendants 5 Family tree 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksOrigin EditThe origin of Gediminas himself is much debated Some sources say he was Vytenis ostler others that he was of peasant stock Some historians consider him as the son or grandson of Lithuanian or Yatvingian King duke Skalmantas Most scholars agree however that Gediminas was Vytenis brother the parentage of Vytenis is explained differently in various fake genealogies compiled from the 16th century onwards according to the latest Polish research his parentage cannot be established 3 Confirmed Gediminid rulers EditGediminas Jaunutis Algirdas Jogaila Kestutis Vytautas King Grand Duke from 1392 to 1430 Svitrigaila Sigismund Kestutaitis Casimir IV Jagiellon Alexander Jagiellon Sigismund I the Old Sigismund II AugustusBranches of the dynasty Edit The Gediminid symbol in Rambynas Hill Lithuania The Eastern Orthodox branches of the family were mostly Ruthenian which also was one of the two main languages of their established state Some of these families e g Czartoryski later converted to Roman Catholicism and became Polonized Others e g Galitzine moved to Muscovy and became thoroughly Russified In Poland most Gediminid families such as Olelkowicz Slucki Wisniowiecki Zbaraski are extinct but at least some families survive to the present Chowanski Czartoryski Sanguszko Siesicki Dowmont Siesicki Szeszycki and Koriatowicz Kurcewicz citation needed The Russian Gediminid families include Bulgakov Golitsin Kurakin Khovansky Troubetzkoy Mstislavsky Belsky and Volynsky citation needed Some of these families also survive as of 2020 Gediminid descendants EditI The descendants of Bujwid Vytianis Rex King Lithuania Dukes Prince of BujwidI The descendants of Narimantas Dukes of Pinsky nobility ru faded at the end of the 15th century Dukes of Kurcewicze pl Dukes of Buremscy pl Dukes of Patrikeyev ru Dukes of Bulgakov nobility ru Dukes of Kurcewicze pl Dukes of Golitsyn Dukes of Kurakin Dukes of Schentyatev nobility ru Dukes of Khovansky nobility ru Dukes of Korecki Dukes of Ruzhinsky nobility ru II The descendants of Algirdas Duke Andrei of Polotsk Dukes of Polubinsky nobility ru Dukes of Lukomsky nobility ru Dmitrijus Algirdaitis Dukes of Trubetskoy Trubchevsk Konstantinas Algirdaitis ru Dukes of Czartoryski Vladimiras Algirdaitis Olelkaiciai descendants of Aleksandras Olelka ru Dukes of Slutsky nobility ru faded at the end of the 16th century Dukes of Belsky The descendants of Kaributas Dukes of Zbarazhsky nobility ru Dukes of Wisniowiecki Dukes of Voronetsky nobility ru Dukes of Nesvisky pl Dukes of Porytskie nobility ru The descendants of Fiodoras Algirdaitis ru Dukes of Hurkowicze nobility pl Dukes of Kobryn Dukes of Sanguszko The Jagiellons The descendants of Lengvenis Dukes of MstislavskyIII The descendants of Kestutis Patrikas Kestutaitis Vaidotas Kestutaitis Butautas Kestutaitis Vytautas the Great Tautvilas Kestutaitis Zygimantas KestutaitisIV The descendants of Jaunutis Dukes of Zaslavsky Dukes of MstislavskyV The descendants of Liubartas faded in the first half of the 15th century VI Koriatowicz uk descended from Karijotas Dukes of Podilskyi nobility Dukes of Volynsky nobility ru Family tree EditButegeidis Bujwid c 1292 King G Duke of Lith c 1285 c 1292Budvydas Pukuveras Bujwid c 1296 King G Duke of Lith c 1292 c 1296Vytenis Bujwid 1316 King G Duke of Lith c 1296 1316Gediminas c 1275 1341 King G Duke of Lith 1316 1341Jaunutis G Duke of Lith 1341 1345Algirdas c 1296 1377 King G Duke of Lith 1345 1377Kestutis 1297 1382 Ladislaus Jogaila c 1351 1434 King G Duke of Lith 1377 1401King of Poland 1386 1434Svitrigaila c 1370 1452 King G Duke of Lith 1430 1432Vytautas 1352 1430 King G Duke of Lith 1401 1430Zygimantas Kestutaitis 1440 King G Duke of Lith 1432 1440Jagiellon branch Jogailaiciai See also EditColumns of Gediminas Family of Gediminas Galitzine family List of Lithuanian rulers List of Ukrainian rulers PalemonidsReferences Edit a b Gediminaiciai Visuotine lietuviu enciklopedija in Lithuanian Retrieved 16 February 2023 Kiaupa Zigmantas Jogailaiciai Visuotine lietuviu enciklopedija in Lithuanian Retrieved 16 February 2023 Jan Tegowski Pierwsze pokolenia Gedyminowiczow 1999External links EditMarek Miroslav Genealogy of the House of Gediminas Genealogy EU Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gediminids amp oldid 1145021856, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.