Gala is an applecultivar with a sweet, mild flavour, a crisp but not hard texture, and a striped or mottled orange or reddish appearance. Originating from New Zealand in the 1930s, similar to most named apples, it is clonally propagated. In 2018, it surpassed Red Delicious as the apple cultivar with the highest production in the United States, according to the US Apple Association. It was the first time in over 50 years that any cultivar was produced more than Red Delicious.[2]
Gala apples are non-uniform in colour, usually vertically striped or mottled, with overall orange colour.[1] They are sweet, fine textured, and aromatic,[1] and in addition to being eaten raw and cooked are especially suitable for creating sauces.[3]
History
The first Gala apple tree was one of many seedlings resulting from a cross between a Golden Delicious and a Kidd's Orange Red planted in New Zealand in the 1930s by orchardist J.H. Kidd. Donald W. McKenzie, an employee of Stark Bros Nursery, obtained a US plant patent for the cultivar on October 15, 1974.[4] It is a relatively new introduction to the UK, first planted in commercial volumes during the 1980s. The variety now represents about 20% of the total volume of the commercial production of eating apples grown in the UK, often replacing Cox's Orange Pippin.
Sports (mutations)
Many sports of Gala have been selected, mostly for increased red color, including the popular Royal Gala. The original cultivar produced fruit with orange stripes and a partial orange blush over a yellow background. Since then, several un-patented sports have been recognized. Additionally, more than twenty sports have received US plant patents:
Gala apples are grown from May through September in the northern hemisphere, but, like most apples, are available almost all year through the use of cold storage and controlled atmosphere storage.[9] Australian Gala are available from late January. California fruit is available until October. While the season usually lasts only 9 or 10 months, they are able to last all year round. However, due to some apples continuing to be grown in some orchards, and the fact that they can be refrigerated for some months leads to the availability of the Gala apple year-round in some Australian markets. These usually taste different (slightly less sweet) from those in season. The UK season begins in late summer (August). Storage makes the UK fruit available nearly year-round as with fruit from other origins.
Royal Gala sport
'Royal Gala' cultivar
Royal Gala is a Gala sport, patented by Stark in 1977, which produces redder fruits than the original cultivar. It is a pink-red dessert apple and is therefore usually eaten fresh. Royal Galas are usually harvested in early to late February in the southern hemisphere. In New Zealand, the pinker original Gala has almost disappeared as a commercial apple in favor of the darker-skinned Royal Gala.
References
^ abc"Gala", National Fruit Collection, retrieved 31 October 2015
^2018 Annual Review 2019-01-24 at the Wayback Machine U.S. Apple Association.
^. Archived from the original on 2015-08-26. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
^Ltd, Orange Pippin. "Apple - Pacific Rose - tasting notes, identification, reviews". Orange Pippin - all about apples and orchards. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
^McGlone, V.Andrew; Jordan, Robert B.; Martinsen, Paul J. (2002-06-01). "Vis/NIR estimation at harvest of pre- and post-storage quality indices for 'Royal Gala' apple". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 25 (2): 135–144. doi:10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00180-6. ISSN 0925-5214.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gala (apple).
New York Apple Association description
JUSTICIA Patents – Apple tree named 'McLaughlin Gala'
January 29, 2023
gala, apple, gala, apple, cultivar, with, sweet, mild, flavour, crisp, hard, texture, striped, mottled, orange, reddish, appearance, originating, from, zealand, 1930s, similar, most, named, apples, clonally, propagated, 2018, surpassed, delicious, apple, culti. Gala is an apple cultivar with a sweet mild flavour a crisp but not hard texture and a striped or mottled orange or reddish appearance Originating from New Zealand in the 1930s similar to most named apples it is clonally propagated In 2018 it surpassed Red Delicious as the apple cultivar with the highest production in the United States according to the US Apple Association It was the first time in over 50 years that any cultivar was produced more than Red Delicious 2 Gala SpeciesMalus domesticaHybrid parentage Kidd s Orange Red Golden Delicious CultivarGalaOriginNew Zealand 1930s 1 The fruit is characteristically striped or mottled Contents 1 Appearance and flavour 2 History 2 1 Sports mutations 3 Descendant cultivar s 4 Season 5 Royal Gala sport 6 References 7 External linksAppearance and flavour EditGala apples are non uniform in colour usually vertically striped or mottled with overall orange colour 1 They are sweet fine textured and aromatic 1 and in addition to being eaten raw and cooked are especially suitable for creating sauces 3 History EditThe first Gala apple tree was one of many seedlings resulting from a cross between a Golden Delicious and a Kidd s Orange Red planted in New Zealand in the 1930s by orchardist J H Kidd Donald W McKenzie an employee of Stark Bros Nursery obtained a US plant patent for the cultivar on October 15 1974 4 It is a relatively new introduction to the UK first planted in commercial volumes during the 1980s The variety now represents about 20 of the total volume of the commercial production of eating apples grown in the UK often replacing Cox s Orange Pippin Sports mutations Edit Many sports of Gala have been selected mostly for increased red color including the popular Royal Gala The original cultivar produced fruit with orange stripes and a partial orange blush over a yellow background Since then several un patented sports have been recognized Additionally more than twenty sports have received US plant patents Date Inventor Marketed as Mutated from Assignee Habit Pattern Earlier Color Plant patent numberOct 15 1974 McKenzie Gala Stark standard partial blush yellow US plant patent 3637Oct 4 1977 Ten Hove Royal Gala Tenroy Gala3637 Stark standard stripe red US plant patent 4121May 10 1988 Creech Scarlet Gala 5 Kidd s D 83637 C amp 0 standard blush scarlet US plant patent 6172Aug 1 1989 Kiddle Galaxy Tenroy4121 Stark standard stripe earlier intense red US plant patent 6955Dec 18 1990 Cooper Treco Spur Red Gala No 42 Regal Auvil Oregon Rootstock spur stripe red US plant patent 7396Jul 16 1991 Fulford Fulford Kidd3637 standard blush bright red US plant patent 7589Mar 1 1994 Olsen Obrogala UltraRed Tenroy4121 Stark standard stripe 2 4 days redder US plant patent 8621Apr 5 1994 Waliser Waliser Gala Tenroy4121 Waliser standard stripe 10 days bright red US plant patent 8673May 10 1994 Hill Applewaites Kidd s3637 standard blush 2 3 days more complete red US plant patent 8720Nov 5 1996 Olsen Olsentwo Gala Pacific Gala Royal Gala4121 standard stripe 5 10 days distinguishably different US plant patent 9681Sep 2 1997 Brookfield Baigent Royal Gala4121 Brookfield standard stripe extremely early bright red US plant patent 10016Nov 11 1997 Gale Gale Gala Royal Gala4121 Van Well standard stripe 3 weeks more complete US plant patent 10114Jun 23 1998 Fackler Big Red Gala Kidd s3637 Protree standard stripe same US plant patent 10458Mar 30 1999 Simmons Simmons Imperial Peace Valley standard stripe 21 days brighter red US plant patent 10840Jan 18 2000 Stiekema Stiekema 1 Obragala8621 standard blush red US plant patent 11182Apr 11 2000 McSpadden Jr Caitlin Tenroy4121 Stark standard stripe earlier US plant patent 11348Aug 13 2002 Black Harry Black Kidd s3637 International Plant Management standard stripe 5 wk later US plant patent 12842Apr 29 2003 Banning Banning Gala Imperial standard stripe intense red blush darker stripe US plant patent 13753Jan 6 2004 Smith Smith gala Tenroy4121 standard stripe yellow US plant patent 14448May 4 2004 Weaver Weaver Fulford7589 Adams County Nursery more compact blush bright red US plant patent 14752Jan 4 2005 Ligonniere Dalitoga Imperial SNC Elaris standard stripe 3 wk yellow US plant patent 15465Aug 15 2006 Burkitt Burkitt Gala Tenroy4121 BMA Trust standard stripe 10 d completely red US plant patent 17013Feb 26 2008 McDonald El Nino Royal4121 standard intense dark red stripe bright red US plant patent 18512Jul 8 2008 McLaughlin McLaughlin Gala Blondee Kidd s3637 standard no striping or blush 4 6 d yellow US plant patent 19007Dec 30 2008 Fankhauser Alvnia Gala Fankhauser standard stripes earlier red gt 95A coverage US plant patent 19604Apr 14 2009 Richard Galaval Galaxy6955 Pepinieres du Valois standard blush intense dark purple brown US plant patent 19909Unpatented varieties include Auvil ImperialDescendant cultivar s Edit Gala apple from South Tyrol Italy with protected origin PDO sticker Delfloga Royal Gala Florina 6 Jazz Royal Gala Braeburn Envy Royal Gala Braeburn Nicoter Kanzi Gala Braeburn 7 Sciros Pacific Rose Splendor Gala 8 Sweetie PremA280 Season EditGala apples are grown from May through September in the northern hemisphere but like most apples are available almost all year through the use of cold storage and controlled atmosphere storage 9 Australian Gala are available from late January California fruit is available until October While the season usually lasts only 9 or 10 months they are able to last all year round However due to some apples continuing to be grown in some orchards and the fact that they can be refrigerated for some months leads to the availability of the Gala apple year round in some Australian markets These usually taste different slightly less sweet from those in season The UK season begins in late summer August Storage makes the UK fruit available nearly year round as with fruit from other origins Royal Gala sport Edit Royal Gala cultivar Royal Gala is a Gala sport patented by Stark in 1977 which produces redder fruits than the original cultivar It is a pink red dessert apple and is therefore usually eaten fresh Royal Galas are usually harvested in early to late February in the southern hemisphere In New Zealand the pinker original Gala has almost disappeared as a commercial apple in favor of the darker skinned Royal Gala References Edit a b c Gala National Fruit Collection retrieved 31 October 2015 2018 Annual Review Archived 2019 01 24 at the Wayback Machine U S Apple Association Royal Gala Apples Australian Apple Varieties Aussie Apples Archived from the original on 2015 08 26 Retrieved 2014 02 09 US plant patent 3637 US plant patent 7396 Delfloga Government of Canada Plant Inspections Retrieved 29 January 2021 United States Patent PP17201 Ltd Orange Pippin Apple Pacific Rose tasting notes identification reviews Orange Pippin all about apples and orchards Retrieved 16 February 2018 McGlone V Andrew Jordan Robert B Martinsen Paul J 2002 06 01 Vis NIR estimation at harvest of pre and post storage quality indices for Royal Gala apple Postharvest Biology and Technology 25 2 135 144 doi 10 1016 S0925 5214 01 00180 6 ISSN 0925 5214 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gala apple New York Apple Association description JUSTICIA Patents Apple tree named McLaughlin Gala Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gala apple amp oldid 1125508786, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
