Gadhika also spelled as Gaddika is a tribal art form of the Adiya or Adiyor tribe belonging to the Scheduled Tribes of Wayanad district, Kerala, India. Gaddika is a ritual art form performed to cure disease and ward off miseries and evil eye. There are two variations of Gadhika, Nattu Gadhika, a public performance and Pooja Gadhika, which is purely ritualistic.
Atiyor are one of the major tribal groups living in villages like Achukunnu, Kuppathote, Payyampally and Thrissileri in Wayanad district.[1] They believe that sickness and suffering are caused by God's wrath.[1] There are many customs and rituals practiced among the Adiyas who believe in witchcraft.[1] Gaddika is a magical ritual performed by Adiyrs to cure disease and ward off miseries and evil eyes.[1] Gaddika is also performed for the removal of ghosts affecting the locals and household members.[1] Ceremonies are conducted under the leadership of the chief priest called Gaddikakaran.[1] It is also beleaved that this is a ritual that heralds the arrival of goodness.[2]
TypesEdit
There are two variations of Gadhika, Nattu Gadhika and Pooja Gadhika. Pooja Gadhika is purely ritualistic, performed to cure disease, ward off miseries and evil eye, and safe delivery of child.[3]
There is also a custom of gaddika groups going around the country accompanied by musical instruments, known as Nattu Gadhika.[1]Nattu Gadhika performed annually for the good of the country, lasts for seven days.[4] People will tell their sufferings to the gadhikakaran, and he will bless them.[1]
RitualEdit
Gaddika is usually held once a year, during the Malayalam month of Mithunam (June/July).[3] Gaddika ritual needs rice, coconut and Finger millet.[4] These ceremonies were started by placing a muram (a traditional kitchen tool made with palm leaves, placing a long bamboo cane near to it and offering money.[4] There is also a ritual of seeking permission from Lord Shiva to perform Gadhika.[4]
During the gaddika, the Adiyor sing the praises of each of their gods. Such songs are in praise of deities like Chuvani, Siddappan and Malakari.[1] While singing the song, the gaddikakaran dance in high energy. The language used throughout the ritual is a mixture of Kannada and Tulu languages.[3]
Non-ritualEdit
It was under the leadership of P.K. Kalan, Adiyor's Mooppan (Tribal chief) and politician, that Gaddika, which was performed only as a part of ritual, was presented in public platforms inside and outside Kerala without losing its artistic values.[1] Along with PK Kalan, P K Karian was another artist who used this tribal art as a tool for social reform.[5]
In popular cultureEdit
The tribal art fair organized by the Department of Scheduled Tribes Development, Kerala state is named 'Gadhika'.[6][7] The government organizes two fairs every year at different places in Kerala.[6]
ReferencesEdit
^ abcdefghij. keralaculture.org. Department of Culture, Government of Kerala. 22 April 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-04-22.
^"'ഗദ്ദിക' ഗോത്രവര്ഗ സംസ്കൃതിയും മൂല്യവും കാത്തുസൂക്ഷിക്കാന് * വേണു കെ ആലത്തൂര്". Deshabhimani (in Malayalam).
^ abc"Gadhika, Tribal dances, Wayanad, Kerala, India". Kerala Tourism - Wayanad. Department of Tourism, Government of Kerala.
^ abcd"എൻ ഊര്; സഞ്ചാരികളുടെ ഹൃദയം കവർന്ന് കേരളത്തിലെ ആദ്യത്തെ ഗോത്ര പൈതൃക ഗ്രാമം". Mathrubhumi (in Malayalam). 23 June 2022.
^"കരിയൻ: ഗദ്ദിക ജീവതാളമാക്കിയ കലാകാരൻ". Deshabhimani (in Malayalam).
^ ab"ഗദ്ദിക 2020ന് തിരിതെളിഞ്ഞു; കണ്ണൂരില് ഇനി തുടിതാളം | I&PRD : Official Website of Information Public Relations Department of Kerala". www.prd.kerala.gov.in.
^Staff Reporter (21 January 2017). "Musical start to Gaddhika". The Hindu.
August 25, 2023
gadhika, also, spelled, gaddika, tribal, form, adiya, adiyor, tribe, belonging, scheduled, tribes, wayanad, district, kerala, india, gaddika, ritual, form, performed, cure, disease, ward, miseries, evil, there, variations, nattu, public, performance, pooja, wh. Gadhika also spelled as Gaddika is a tribal art form of the Adiya or Adiyor tribe belonging to the Scheduled Tribes of Wayanad district Kerala India Gaddika is a ritual art form performed to cure disease and ward off miseries and evil eye There are two variations of Gadhika Nattu Gadhika a public performance and Pooja Gadhika which is purely ritualistic GadhikaGadhika performanceNative nameഗദ ദ ക Malayalam GenreRitualOriginKerala India Contents 1 Overview 2 Types 3 Ritual 4 Non ritual 5 In popular culture 6 ReferencesOverview EditAtiyor are one of the major tribal groups living in villages like Achukunnu Kuppathote Payyampally and Thrissileri in Wayanad district 1 They believe that sickness and suffering are caused by God s wrath 1 There are many customs and rituals practiced among the Adiyas who believe in witchcraft 1 Gaddika is a magical ritual performed by Adiyrs to cure disease and ward off miseries and evil eyes 1 Gaddika is also performed for the removal of ghosts affecting the locals and household members 1 Ceremonies are conducted under the leadership of the chief priest called Gaddikakaran 1 It is also beleaved that this is a ritual that heralds the arrival of goodness 2 Types EditThere are two variations of Gadhika Nattu Gadhika and Pooja Gadhika Pooja Gadhika is purely ritualistic performed to cure disease ward off miseries and evil eye and safe delivery of child 3 There is also a custom of gaddika groups going around the country accompanied by musical instruments known as Nattu Gadhika 1 Nattu Gadhika performed annually for the good of the country lasts for seven days 4 People will tell their sufferings to the gadhikakaran and he will bless them 1 Ritual EditGaddika is usually held once a year during the Malayalam month of Mithunam June July 3 Gaddika ritual needs rice coconut and Finger millet 4 These ceremonies were started by placing a muram a traditional kitchen tool made with palm leaves placing a long bamboo cane near to it and offering money 4 There is also a ritual of seeking permission from Lord Shiva to perform Gadhika 4 During the gaddika the Adiyor sing the praises of each of their gods Such songs are in praise of deities like Chuvani Siddappan and Malakari 1 While singing the song the gaddikakaran dance in high energy The language used throughout the ritual is a mixture of Kannada and Tulu languages 3 Non ritual EditIt was under the leadership of P K Kalan Adiyor s Mooppan Tribal chief and politician that Gaddika which was performed only as a part of ritual was presented in public platforms inside and outside Kerala without losing its artistic values 1 Along with PK Kalan P K Karian was another artist who used this tribal art as a tool for social reform 5 In popular culture EditThe tribal art fair organized by the Department of Scheduled Tribes Development Kerala state is named Gadhika 6 7 The government organizes two fairs every year at different places in Kerala 6 References Edit a b c d e f g h i j Gaddika a tribal art form of Kerala keralaculture org Department of Culture Government of Kerala 22 April 2019 Archived from the original on 2019 04 22 ഗദ ദ ക ഗ ത രവര ഗ സ സ ക ത യ മ ല യവ ക ത ത സ ക ഷ ക ക ന വ ണ ക ആലത ത ര Deshabhimani in Malayalam a b c Gadhika Tribal dances Wayanad Kerala India Kerala Tourism Wayanad Department of Tourism Government of Kerala a b c d എൻ ഊര സഞ ച ര കള ട ഹ ദയ കവർന ന ക രളത ത ല ആദ യത ത ഗ ത ര പ ത ക ഗ ര മ Mathrubhumi in Malayalam 23 June 2022 കര യൻ ഗദ ദ ക ജ വത ളമ ക ക യ കല ക രൻ Deshabhimani in Malayalam a b ഗദ ദ ക 2020ന ത ര ത ള ഞ ഞ കണ ണ ര ല ഇന ത ട ത ള I amp PRD Official Website of Information Public Relations Department of Kerala www prd kerala gov in Staff Reporter 21 January 2017 Musical start to Gaddhika The Hindu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gadhika amp oldid 1171287694, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
