fbpx
Wikipedia

Fyodor Pirotsky

February 09, 2023

Fyodor Apollonovich Pirotsky or Fedir Apollonovych Pirotskyy (Ukrainian: Федір Аполлонович Піроцький; Russian: Фёдор Аполлонович Пироцкий; February 17 [O.S. March 1] 1845-February 28 [O.S. March 12] 1898) was a Ukrainian engineer and inventor of the world's first railway electrification system and electric tram[1][2][3][4][5] who lived in the Russian Empire.[6][7][8][9][10] While the commercialization of his inventions in the Russian Empire was relatively slow, Pirotsky is known to have met with Carl Heinrich von Siemens and influenced Siemens' eventual introduction of the first regular electric tram line (for the Berlin Straßenbahn).

Fyodor Pirotsky, picture taken in 1898

Biography

Pirotsky was born into the family of a military physician in Lokhvytsia Uezd of Poltava Gubernia, Ukraine (which at that time was part of the Russian Empire). His family was of Ukrainian Cossack ancestry.

Pirotsky received his education at Saint Petersburg, where he graduated from the Konstantin Cadet Corps (Konstantinovskiy Kadetskiy Korpus) and Mikhail Artillery School in 1866, and served in Kyiv with the Fortress Artillery. While stationed in Kyiv Pirotsky became a friend of the famous Russian electrical engineer Pavel Yablochkov and an enthusiast for applications of electrical energy.

 
Place on Miller's railway line in which the first tram Pirotsky was tested

Work

In 1871, Pirotsky moved back to Saint Petersburg, where among other things he proposed a new type of blast furnace. In 1874, he started experiments on Volkov Field in Saint Petersburg, and in 1875 put electrically powered railway cars on the Sestroretsks railway Miller's line (not far from the station Miller's pier).[11] The electricity was transferred over a distance of approximately one kilometer. In his design, rails were connected to a Gramme generator. Both rails were isolated from the ground, one rail served as a direct conductor and one as a reverse conductor.

In 1880, he modified a city two-decker horse tramway to be powered by electricity instead of horses, and on 3 September [O.S. August 22] 1880 the unusual form of public transport started to serve residents of Saint Petersburg amid the vocal protests of the owners of the horsecars. The experiments continued until the end of September 1880. Some historians claim that this was the first electric tram in the world. Pirotsky did not have the money to continue his experiments, but his works stirred interest in electric trams around the world. Among people who met Pirotsky was Carl Heinrich von Siemens who was very interested and asked many questions. In 1881, the brothers Siemens started producing their own design of electric trams commercially. The first permanent electric tram line using Siemens tram cars was opened in Berlin in 1881 and the first permanent tram line in the Russian Empire was opened in Kyiv in 1892. As often happens with talented people, Pirocki was underestimated during his lifetime. Despite his famous inventions, he was sent to the Ivangorod Fortress, where in 1888 he was dismissed early with the rank of colonel. All this happened about five months before the end of 25 years of military service, which allowed him to receive the maximum pension.[12]

Pirotsky continued to serve as an artillery officer of the Imperial Russian Army. Among other things, he installed the first underground electric cable in Saint Petersburg to transfer electricity from a cannon foundry to the Artillery School (1881). He also was the author of a project for centralizing the city's electricity production using underground cables, he proposed new constructions of blast furnaces and bakery ovens. In 1888, he retired with the rank of colonel, lived on his military pension in the town of Oleshky (currently in Kherson Oblast, Ukraine)[13] and died in 1898. Since no money was found on him when he died, the burial was paid for by a credit secured by the colonel's furniture.

Sources

  • Belkind L. D., Konfederatov I. Ya., Shneyberg Ya. A. (Белькинд Л. Д., Конфедератов И. Я., Шнейберг Я. А.), История техники, М.— Л. (History of Engineering, Moscow-Leningrad), 1956 (in Russian).

References

  1. ^ C. N. Pyrgidis. Railway Transportation Systems: Design, Construction and Operation. CRC Press, 2016. P. 156
  2. ^ Ye. N. Petrova. St. Petersburg in Focus: Photographers of the Turn of the Century ; in Celebration of the Tercentenary of St. Petersburg. Palace Ed., 2003. P. 12
  3. ^ Korney Kolomnov, . Archived from the original on June 30, 2003. Retrieved 2006-07-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link), Zerkalo Nedeli, 379 (in Russian). (web.archive.org copy from 2003-06-30.)
  4. ^ (in Russian). 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-07-04. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
  5. ^ (in Russian). 2005. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
  6. ^ C. N. Pyrgidis. Railway Transportation Systems: Design, Construction and Operation. CRC Press, 2016. P. 156
  7. ^ Ye. N. Petrova. St. Petersburg in Focus: Photographers of the Turn of the Century ; in Celebration of the Tercentenary of St. Petersburg. Palace Ed., 2003. P. 12
  8. ^ М. И. Кузнецов. Основы электротехники. М.: Высшая школа. 1964. C. 6 (in Russian)
  9. ^ Museum of the History of Electricity in Northwest Russia (in Russian)
  10. ^ Ю. П. Рыжов. Дальние электропередачи свервысокого напряжения. М.: МЭИ. 2007. С. 11 (in Russian)
  11. ^ Chepurin, Sergey; Arkady Nikolayenko (May 2007). "Sestroretsk and Primorskaya railways (Сестрорецкая и Приморская железные дороги)" (in Russian). Retrieved 2009-02-21.
  12. ^ https://poltava-future.com.ua/uk/eternal-yak-poltavecz-fedir-piroczkyj-vynajshov-pershyj-u-sviti-elektrychnyj-tramvaj
  13. ^ (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2007-07-17.

February 09, 2023
fyodor, pirotsky, this, article, uses, bare, urls, which, uninformative, vulnerable, link, please, consider, converting, them, full, citations, ensure, article, remains, verifiable, maintains, consistent, citation, style, several, templates, tools, available, . This article uses bare URLs which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting such as Reflinks documentation reFill documentation and Citation bot documentation October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Fyodor Apollonovich Pirotsky or Fedir Apollonovych Pirotskyy Ukrainian Fedir Apollonovich Pirockij Russian Fyodor Apollonovich Pirockij February 17 O S March 1 1845 February 28 O S March 12 1898 was a Ukrainian engineer and inventor of the world s first railway electrification system and electric tram 1 2 3 4 5 who lived in the Russian Empire 6 7 8 9 10 While the commercialization of his inventions in the Russian Empire was relatively slow Pirotsky is known to have met with Carl Heinrich von Siemens and influenced Siemens eventual introduction of the first regular electric tram line for the Berlin Strassenbahn Fyodor Pirotsky picture taken in 1898 Contents 1 Biography 2 Work 3 Sources 4 ReferencesBiography EditPirotsky was born into the family of a military physician in Lokhvytsia Uezd of Poltava Gubernia Ukraine which at that time was part of the Russian Empire His family was of Ukrainian Cossack ancestry Pirotsky received his education at Saint Petersburg where he graduated from the Konstantin Cadet Corps Konstantinovskiy Kadetskiy Korpus and Mikhail Artillery School in 1866 and served in Kyiv with the Fortress Artillery While stationed in Kyiv Pirotsky became a friend of the famous Russian electrical engineer Pavel Yablochkov and an enthusiast for applications of electrical energy Place on Miller s railway line in which the first tram Pirotsky was testedWork EditIn 1871 Pirotsky moved back to Saint Petersburg where among other things he proposed a new type of blast furnace In 1874 he started experiments on Volkov Field in Saint Petersburg and in 1875 put electrically powered railway cars on the Sestroretsks railway Miller s line not far from the station Miller s pier 11 The electricity was transferred over a distance of approximately one kilometer In his design rails were connected to a Gramme generator Both rails were isolated from the ground one rail served as a direct conductor and one as a reverse conductor In 1880 he modified a city two decker horse tramway to be powered by electricity instead of horses and on 3 September O S August 22 1880 the unusual form of public transport started to serve residents of Saint Petersburg amid the vocal protests of the owners of the horsecars The experiments continued until the end of September 1880 Some historians claim that this was the first electric tram in the world Pirotsky did not have the money to continue his experiments but his works stirred interest in electric trams around the world Among people who met Pirotsky was Carl Heinrich von Siemens who was very interested and asked many questions In 1881 the brothers Siemens started producing their own design of electric trams commercially The first permanent electric tram line using Siemens tram cars was opened in Berlin in 1881 and the first permanent tram line in the Russian Empire was opened in Kyiv in 1892 As often happens with talented people Pirocki was underestimated during his lifetime Despite his famous inventions he was sent to the Ivangorod Fortress where in 1888 he was dismissed early with the rank of colonel All this happened about five months before the end of 25 years of military service which allowed him to receive the maximum pension 12 Pirotsky continued to serve as an artillery officer of the Imperial Russian Army Among other things he installed the first underground electric cable in Saint Petersburg to transfer electricity from a cannon foundry to the Artillery School 1881 He also was the author of a project for centralizing the city s electricity production using underground cables he proposed new constructions of blast furnaces and bakery ovens In 1888 he retired with the rank of colonel lived on his military pension in the town of Oleshky currently in Kherson Oblast Ukraine 13 and died in 1898 Since no money was found on him when he died the burial was paid for by a credit secured by the colonel s furniture Sources EditBelkind L D Konfederatov I Ya Shneyberg Ya A Belkind L D Konfederatov I Ya Shnejberg Ya A Istoriya tehniki M L History of Engineering Moscow Leningrad 1956 in Russian References Edit C N Pyrgidis Railway Transportation Systems Design Construction and Operation CRC Press 2016 P 156 Ye N Petrova St Petersburg in Focus Photographers of the Turn of the Century in Celebration of the Tercentenary of St Petersburg Palace Ed 2003 P 12 Korney Kolomnov Where the Tram Came From Otkuda Est Poshyol Tramvaj Archived from the original on June 30 2003 Retrieved 2006 07 09 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Zerkalo Nedeli 379 in Russian web archive org copy from 2003 06 30 Retro tramvaj peterburgskaya klassika Biografiya Fyodora Pirockogo in Russian 2006 Archived from the original on 2007 07 04 Retrieved 2007 07 17 Forum doneckogo metropolitena Prosmotr temy 3 sentyabrya tramvayu ispolnyaetsya 125 let in Russian 2005 Archived from the original on 2007 09 28 Retrieved 2007 07 17 C N Pyrgidis Railway Transportation Systems Design Construction and Operation CRC Press 2016 P 156 Ye N Petrova St Petersburg in Focus Photographers of the Turn of the Century in Celebration of the Tercentenary of St Petersburg Palace Ed 2003 P 12 M I Kuznecov Osnovy elektrotehniki M Vysshaya shkola 1964 C 6 in Russian Museum of the History of Electricity in Northwest Russia in Russian Yu P Ryzhov Dalnie elektroperedachi svervysokogo napryazheniya M MEI 2007 S 11 in Russian Chepurin Sergey Arkady Nikolayenko May 2007 Sestroretsk and Primorskaya railways Sestroreckaya i Primorskaya zheleznye dorogi in Russian Retrieved 2009 02 21 https poltava future com ua uk eternal yak poltavecz fedir piroczkyj vynajshov pershyj u sviti elektrychnyj tramvaj AMU in Russian Archived from the original on 2007 09 28 Retrieved 2007 07 17 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fyodor Pirotsky amp oldid 1117983006, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.