The Foochow Arsenal, also known as the Fuzhou or Mawei Arsenal, was one of several shipyards created by the Qing Empire and a flagship project of French assistance to China during the Self-Strengthening Movement.[1] The shipyard was constructed under orders from Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang and was situated in Mamoi (now Mawei District), a port town within the jurisdiction of Fuzhoufu (then romanized as "Foochow"), which is several miles up the Min River.[2][3]
Planning for the shipyard, the Fuzhou Naval College (t船政學堂,s船政学堂,pChuánzhèng Xuétáng,wCh'uan-cheng Hsüeh-t'ang), and other facilities began in 1866. Construction began in 1867. Two French Naval officers, Prosper Giquel and Paul d'Aiguebelle, both on leave from the French Imperial Navy, were contracted to recruit a staff of about forty European engineers and mechanics, and to oversee the construction of a metal-working forge, the creation of a Western-style naval dockyard, the construction of eleven transports and five gunboats, and the establishment of schools for training in navigation and marine engineering—all within a five-year period.[4][5][6][7] Chinese authorities provided the materials and labour,[8] with the number of labourers rising from an initial figure of 1,600 to more than 2,000 by 1872.[9] The operating cost over five years was estimated at 3 million taels of silver, and the cost of maintenance of the ships produced was partly funded by revenue from duties on the import of opium.[10] The first ship produced at the Arsenal, the 150-horsepowerQing Forever(t萬年清,s万年清,pWànnián Qīng,wWan-nien Ch'ing), was launched in June 1869.[11]
The shipyard was severely damaged by French forces in 1884 during the Sino-French War of 1883–1885,[12] in the battle of Fuzhou. A modern shipyard was later rebuilt on the site.[13]
The Foochow Arsenal under construction, between 1867 and 1871. Three albumen prints joined to form a panorama.
See also
Chen Jitong, shipbuilder and diplomat trained at the Foochow Arsenal
Pong, David. "Keeping the Foochow Navy Yard Afloat: Government Finance and China's Early Modern Defence Industry, 1866-75". In Modern Asian Studies, vol. 21, no. 1 (Cambridge University Press, 1987).
Seltzer, Leon E., ed. The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World (New York: Columbia University Press, 1952).
Thomson, John. China and its People in Early Photographs: An Unabridged Reprint of the Classic 1873/4 Work (reprint, New York: Dover Publications, 1982).
Viénet, René. . Accessed 24 September 2002.
August 18, 2023
foochow, arsenal, also, known, fuzhou, mawei, arsenal, several, shipyards, created, qing, empire, flagship, project, french, assistance, china, during, self, strengthening, movement, shipyard, constructed, under, orders, from, hongzhang, zongtang, situated, ma. The Foochow Arsenal also known as the Fuzhou or Mawei Arsenal was one of several shipyards created by the Qing Empire and a flagship project of French assistance to China during the Self Strengthening Movement 1 The shipyard was constructed under orders from Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang and was situated in Mamoi now Mawei District a port town within the jurisdiction of Fuzhou fu then romanized as Foochow which is several miles up the Min River 2 3 Foochow ArsenalFoochow Arsenal 1870s Traditional Chinese福州造船廠Simplified Chinese福州造船厂Literal meaningFuzhou ShipyardTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinFuzhōu ZaochuanchǎngWade GilesFu chou Tsao ch uan ch angMawei ArsenalTraditional Chinese馬尾造船廠Simplified Chinese马尾造船厂Literal meaningMawei ShipyardTranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinMǎwei ZaochuanchǎngWade GilesMa wei Tsao ch uan ch ang Contents 1 History 2 See also 3 Notes 4 ReferencesHistory EditPlanning for the shipyard the Fuzhou Naval College t 船政學堂 s 船政学堂 p Chuanzheng Xuetang w Ch uan cheng Hsueh t ang and other facilities began in 1866 Construction began in 1867 Two French Naval officers Prosper Giquel and Paul d Aiguebelle both on leave from the French Imperial Navy were contracted to recruit a staff of about forty European engineers and mechanics and to oversee the construction of a metal working forge the creation of a Western style naval dockyard the construction of eleven transports and five gunboats and the establishment of schools for training in navigation and marine engineering all within a five year period 4 5 6 7 Chinese authorities provided the materials and labour 8 with the number of labourers rising from an initial figure of 1 600 to more than 2 000 by 1872 9 The operating cost over five years was estimated at 3 million taels of silver and the cost of maintenance of the ships produced was partly funded by revenue from duties on the import of opium 10 The first ship produced at the Arsenal the 150 horsepower Qing Forever t 萬年清 s 万年清 p Wannian Qing w Wan nien Ch ing was launched in June 1869 11 The shipyard was severely damaged by French forces in 1884 during the Sino French War of 1883 1885 12 in the battle of Fuzhou A modern shipyard was later rebuilt on the site 13 The Foochow Arsenal under construction between 1867 and 1871 Three albumen prints joined to form a panorama See also EditChen Jitong shipbuilder and diplomat trained at the Foochow Arsenal Hanyang Arsenal Taiyuan Arsenal Great Hsi Ku Arsenal Jiangnan ShipyardNotes Edit Muriel Detrie 2004 France Chine Quand deux mondes se rencontrent Paris Gallimard p 57 Seltzer 1952 1133 Hong Kong Port and Maritime Board Pong 1987 123 Thomson 1982 vol II pl XV Vienet 2002 Chisholm 1911 Pong 1987 123 Pong 1987 144 Pong 1987 124 127 Pong 1987 127 Vienet 2002 Father Shipyard Archived from the original on 2014 07 30 Retrieved 2012 06 03 References EditHong Kong Port and Maritime Board Chinese Ports 1996 Fuzhou Harbour Plan Accessed 26 September 2002 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Fuchow Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 18 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 271 272 Pong David Keeping the Foochow Navy Yard Afloat Government Finance and China s Early Modern Defence Industry 1866 75 In Modern Asian Studies vol 21 no 1 Cambridge University Press 1987 Seltzer Leon E ed The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World New York Columbia University Press 1952 Thomson John China and its People in Early Photographs An Unabridged Reprint of the Classic 1873 4 Work reprint New York Dover Publications 1982 Vienet Rene L episode francais peu connu des Pescadores Accessed 24 September 2002 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Foochow Arsenal amp oldid 1165179982, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
