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Friedrich Hoffmann

December 15, 2023

Friedrich Hoffmann or Hofmann (19 February 1660 – 12 November 1742) was a German physician and chemist. He is also sometimes known in English as Frederick Hoffmann.

Friedrich Hoffmann.

Life edit

His family had been connected with medicine for 200 years before him. Born in Halle, he attended the local gymnasium where he acquired that taste for and skill in mathematics to which he attributed much of his later success. Beginning at age 18, he studied medicine at the University of Jena. From there, in 1680, he went to Erfurt, to attend Kasper Cramer's lectures on chemistry. Next year, returning to Jena, he received his doctor's diploma, and, after publishing a thesis, was permitted to teach. Constant study then began to tell on his health, and in 1682, leaving his already numerous pupils, he opened a practice in Minden at the request of a relative who held a high position in that town. After practising at Minden for two years, Hoffmann made a journey to Holland and England, where he formed the acquaintance of many illustrious chemists and physicians. Towards the end of 1684, he returned to Minden, and during the next three years he received many flattering appointments. In 1688 he moved to the more promising sphere of Halberstadt, with the title of physician to the principality of Halberstadt.

In 1693, shortly after the establishment of the University of Halle, he was appointed primary professor of medicine and natural philosophy. During his career there, he held the position of rector three times. With the exception of four years (1708–1712), which he passed at Berlin in the capacity of royal physician, Hoffmann spent the rest of his life at Halle in instruction, practice and study, interrupted now and again by visits to different courts of Germany, where his services procured him honours and rewards.[1] His fame became European. He was enrolled a member of many learned societies in different foreign countries (including being elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1720),[2] while in his own he became privy councillor.

Hoffmann died on 12 November 1742 in Halle.

Work edit

 
Operum omnium physico-medicorum

Of his numerous writings a catalogue is to be found in Haller's Bibliotheca medicinae practicae. The chief is Medicina rationalis systematica, undertaken at the age of sixty, and published in 1730. It was translated into French in 1739, under the title of Médecine raisonnée d'Hoffmann. A complete edition of Hoffmann's works, with a life of the author, was published at Geneva in 1740, to which supplements were added in 1753 and 1760. Editions appeared also at Venice in 1745 and at Naples in 1753 and 1793.

At the instigation of Robert Boyle, he turned to the analysis and uses of mineral waters and became a pioneer and chief promoter of their study, gave prescriptions for their use, taught how they could be imitated artificially, and analyzed many German springs. He concluded that solid constituents, such as lime, magnesia, etc., in the form of an alkali and carbonic acid, existed in almost all mineral springs. He wrote on healing springs as early as 1684.[3] Georg Ernst Stahl opposed the general employment of mineral waters recommended by Hoffmann, though he did not question their utility in certain cases.[4]

Hoffman is credited with conducting the first scientific investigation into carbon monoxide poisoning caused by burning charcoal. He rejected superstition that had attributed the death of several treasure seekers to paranormal activity and published "Considerations on the Fatal Effects of the Vapor from Burning Charcoal" in 1716 which characterized inhalation of polluted air from charcoal vapor causing suffocation similar to strangulation or drowning.[5]

Works edit

  • Friderici Hoffmanni Clavis pharmaceutica Schröderiana, seu Animadversiones cum Annotationibus in Pharmacopoeiam Schröderianam : Baconianis, Cartesianis, & Helmontianis Principiis illustratae & Johannis Michaelis p.m. & aliorum celeberrimorum Medicorum Arcanis concinnatae . Mylius, Halae Saxonum 1675 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Friderici Hoffmanni Thesaurus pharmaceuticus Medicorum nostri Seculi principum . Mylius, Halae Saxonum 1675 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • D. Johann Schröders vollständige und nutz-reiche Apotheke/ Oder: Trefflich versehener Medicin-Chymischer höchstkostbarer Artzney-Schatz : Nebst D. Friedrich Hoffmanns darüber verfasseten herrlichen Anmerckungen ; in fünff Bücher eingetheilt ... . Hoffmann & Streck, Franckfurt [u.a.] Nun aber bey dieser Zweyten Edition Um ein merckliches vermehret und verbessert 1709 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Johann Schröders vollständige und nutzreiche Apotheke oder trefflich versehener medicin-chymischer höchst-kostbarer Artzney-Schatz : nebst Friedrich Hoffmanns darüber verfasseten herrlichen Anmerckungen ; in fünff Bücher eingetheilt . Hoffmann, Franckfurt Nun aber bey dieser dritten Edition um ein merckliches vermehret, verbessert 1718 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Friderici Hoffmanni Observationum physico-chemicarum selectiorum libri III . Renger, Halae 1722 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • De Potentia Diaboli in Corpore, a witchcraft book for his student Gottfried Büching.[citation needed]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Francesco P. de Ceglia, "Hoffmann and Stahl: Documents and Reflections on the Dispute”. History of Universities, (22) 2007: 115–168.
  2. ^ "Library and Archive Catalogue". Royal Society. Retrieved 10 March 2012.[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ Friedrich Hoffmann, New Experiments and Observations Upon Mineral Waters (1731) Tr. Peter Shaw.
  4. ^ Johann Hermann Baas, Henry Ebenezer Handerson, Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession (1910) p. 721.
  5. ^ Hopper, Christopher P.; Zambrana, Paige N.; Goebel, Ulrich; Wollborn, Jakob (June 2021). "A brief history of carbon monoxide and its therapeutic origins". Nitric Oxide. 111–112: 45–63. doi:10.1016/j.niox.2021.04.001. PMID 33838343. S2CID 233205099.

Bibliography edit

External links edit

December 15, 2023
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Friedrich Hoffmann or Hofmann 19 February 1660 12 November 1742 was a German physician and chemist He is also sometimes known in English as Frederick Hoffmann Friedrich Hoffmann Contents 1 Life 2 Work 2 1 Works 3 References 3 1 Citations 4 Bibliography 5 External linksLife editHis family had been connected with medicine for 200 years before him Born in Halle he attended the local gymnasium where he acquired that taste for and skill in mathematics to which he attributed much of his later success Beginning at age 18 he studied medicine at the University of Jena From there in 1680 he went to Erfurt to attend Kasper Cramer s lectures on chemistry Next year returning to Jena he received his doctor s diploma and after publishing a thesis was permitted to teach Constant study then began to tell on his health and in 1682 leaving his already numerous pupils he opened a practice in Minden at the request of a relative who held a high position in that town After practising at Minden for two years Hoffmann made a journey to Holland and England where he formed the acquaintance of many illustrious chemists and physicians Towards the end of 1684 he returned to Minden and during the next three years he received many flattering appointments In 1688 he moved to the more promising sphere of Halberstadt with the title of physician to the principality of Halberstadt In 1693 shortly after the establishment of the University of Halle he was appointed primary professor of medicine and natural philosophy During his career there he held the position of rector three times With the exception of four years 1708 1712 which he passed at Berlin in the capacity of royal physician Hoffmann spent the rest of his life at Halle in instruction practice and study interrupted now and again by visits to different courts of Germany where his services procured him honours and rewards 1 His fame became European He was enrolled a member of many learned societies in different foreign countries including being elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1720 2 while in his own he became privy councillor Hoffmann died on 12 November 1742 in Halle Work edit nbsp Operum omnium physico medicorumOf his numerous writings a catalogue is to be found in Haller s Bibliotheca medicinae practicae The chief is Medicina rationalis systematica undertaken at the age of sixty and published in 1730 It was translated into French in 1739 under the title of Medecine raisonnee d Hoffmann A complete edition of Hoffmann s works with a life of the author was published at Geneva in 1740 to which supplements were added in 1753 and 1760 Editions appeared also at Venice in 1745 and at Naples in 1753 and 1793 At the instigation of Robert Boyle he turned to the analysis and uses of mineral waters and became a pioneer and chief promoter of their study gave prescriptions for their use taught how they could be imitated artificially and analyzed many German springs He concluded that solid constituents such as lime magnesia etc in the form of an alkali and carbonic acid existed in almost all mineral springs He wrote on healing springs as early as 1684 3 Georg Ernst Stahl opposed the general employment of mineral waters recommended by Hoffmann though he did not question their utility in certain cases 4 Hoffman is credited with conducting the first scientific investigation into carbon monoxide poisoning caused by burning charcoal He rejected superstition that had attributed the death of several treasure seekers to paranormal activity and published Considerations on the Fatal Effects of the Vapor from Burning Charcoal in 1716 which characterized inhalation of polluted air from charcoal vapor causing suffocation similar to strangulation or drowning 5 Works edit Friderici Hoffmanni Clavis pharmaceutica Schroderiana seu Animadversiones cum Annotationibus in Pharmacopoeiam Schroderianam Baconianis Cartesianis amp Helmontianis Principiis illustratae amp Johannis Michaelis p m amp aliorum celeberrimorum Medicorum Arcanis concinnatae Mylius Halae Saxonum 1675 Digital edition by the University and State Library Dusseldorf Friderici Hoffmanni Thesaurus pharmaceuticus Medicorum nostri Seculi principum Mylius Halae Saxonum 1675 Digital edition by the University and State Library Dusseldorf D Johann Schroders vollstandige und nutz reiche Apotheke Oder Trefflich versehener Medicin Chymischer hochstkostbarer Artzney Schatz Nebst D Friedrich Hoffmanns daruber verfasseten herrlichen Anmerckungen in funff Bucher eingetheilt Hoffmann amp Streck Franckfurt u a Nun aber bey dieser Zweyten Edition Um ein merckliches vermehret und verbessert 1709 Digital edition by the University and State Library Dusseldorf Johann Schroders vollstandige und nutzreiche Apotheke oder trefflich versehener medicin chymischer hochst kostbarer Artzney Schatz nebst Friedrich Hoffmanns daruber verfasseten herrlichen Anmerckungen in funff Bucher eingetheilt Hoffmann Franckfurt Nun aber bey dieser dritten Edition um ein merckliches vermehret verbessert 1718 Digital edition by the University and State Library Dusseldorf Friderici Hoffmanni Observationum physico chemicarum selectiorum libri III Renger Halae 1722 Digital edition by the University and State Library Dusseldorf De Potentia Diaboli in Corpore a witchcraft book for his student Gottfried Buching citation needed References editCitations edit This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations January 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Francesco P de Ceglia Hoffmann and Stahl Documents and Reflections on the Dispute History of Universities 22 2007 115 168 Library and Archive Catalogue Royal Society Retrieved 10 March 2012 permanent dead link Friedrich Hoffmann New Experiments and Observations Upon Mineral Waters 1731 Tr Peter Shaw Johann Hermann Baas Henry Ebenezer Handerson Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession 1910 p 721 Hopper Christopher P Zambrana Paige N Goebel Ulrich Wollborn Jakob June 2021 A brief history of carbon monoxide and its therapeutic origins Nitric Oxide 111 112 45 63 doi 10 1016 j niox 2021 04 001 PMID 33838343 S2CID 233205099 Bibliography editReynolds Francis J ed 1921 Hoffman Collier s New Encyclopedia New York P F Collier amp Son Company nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 Hoffmann Friedrich Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed Cambridge University Press External links edit Friedrich Hoffmann Medicine Biography AllRefer com Archived from the original on 29 September 2007 Retrieved 23 February 2011 http www manchester edu kant Bio FullBio HoffmannF html Archived 19 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Friedrich Hoffmann amp oldid 1155685667, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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