In 1910 in London, he married Gertrude Clunies-Ross, the fourth daughter of George Clunies-Ross.[10] She was subsequently a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and only the second woman to be the society's librarian.[11]
Tarsian hypothesisedit
"Wood Jones, prior to the 1930s, promoted that the human line evolved from a very generalized primate from which avoided going through a hominoid ape stage. His tradition of interpretation... the human line avoided altogether the hominoid phase of evolution... [common] ancestor was conceived to be tarsoid-like form... the rise of the bipedal posture in humans was not believed to have been preceded by a brachiation or a pre-brachiation phase."[12]
Jones favoured a long separate, non-anthropoid ancestry for humans. He believed that science should search as far back as the primitive tarsioid stock to find a sufficiently generalised form that would be the common ancestor of man, monkeys and the anthropoid apes. The tarsian hypothesis of Jones, which he held to from 1918[13] until his death, claimed that the human line of development did not diverge from that of apes or monkeys but from much earlier, before the Oligocene 30 million years ago, from a common ancestor with a primitive primate group of which the only other survivor is the Tarsier.[14] Wood Jones in his The Ancestry Of Man (1923) described his Tarsian hypothesis as follows:
"The thesis then put forward was that the general notion that Man had evolved along the line of the Linnean Classification was wrong. Far from the Lemurs, the Monkeys, and the Anthropoid Apes being landmarks upon the line of human progress, it was contended that the human stock arose from a Tarsioid form, that the Lemurs were not ancestors of the Tarsioids and that the Monkeys and Apes were more specialised away from the Tarsioids than was Man himself, and, therefore, were not his ancestors, but rather his collateral descendants from a former assemblage of animals, of which we have only one direct living descendant, in the form of Tarsius spectrum."
Wood Jones explained common structural features between Man and the apes (and monkeys) through convergent evolution. In 1948 he wrote:
"If the primate forms immediately ancestral to the human stock are ever to be revealed, they will be utterly unlike the slouching ‘ape men’ of which some have dreamed and of which they have made casts and pictures during their waking hours."[15]
Philosophyedit
Jones rejected organised religion and idea of an anthropomorphic deity. He believed there was a cosmic mind behind nature. He defended the holistic philosophy of Jan Smuts and was a strong critic of Darwinism. His philosophical views are discussed in his book Design and Purpose (1942).[16][17]
Publicationsedit
Arboreal Man (1916)Arboreal Man (1916)
As well as numerous scientific papers, books he authored, coauthored and edited include:
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1912). Coral and Atolls. A History and Description of the Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an account of their Fauna and Flora, and a Discussion of the Method of Development and Transformation of Coral Structures in General. Lovell, Reeve & Co Ltd: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1916). Arboreal Man. Edward Arnold: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1920). The Principles of Anatomy as Seen in the Hand. J. & A. Churchill: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1923). The Ancestry Of Man. Douglas Price Memorial Lecture, No.3. R G. Gilles & Co.: Brisbane.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1923). The Position of Anatomy in the Modern Medical Curriculum and the Conception of Cytoclesis. Hassell Press: Adelaide.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1923–25). The Mammals of South Australia. Parts I-III. Handbooks of the Flora and Fauna of South Australia. Government Printer: Adelaide.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1925). Unscientific Essays. Edward Arnold & Co: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1929). Man's Place Among the Mammals. Edward Arnold: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1934). Sea Birds Simplified. Edward Arnold & Co.: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1934). Unscientific Excursions. Edward Arnold & Co: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1939). Life and Living. Kegan Paul: London.
Jones, Frederic Wood. (1942). Design and Purpose. Kegan Paul: London.
^Christophers, B. E. (1997). "Frederic Wood Jones: His Major Books and How They Were Reviewed". ANZ Journal of Surgery. 67 (9): 645–659. doi:10.1111/j.1445-2197.1997.tb04617.x. PMID 9322706.
^Clark, W. E. (1955). "In memoriam: Frederic Wood Jones, D.Sc., F.R.C.S., F.R.S., 1879-1954; an appreciation". Journal of Anatomy. 89 (2): 255–267. PMC1244790. PMID 14367223.
^W. E. Le Gros Clark (2004). "Jones, (Frederic) Wood (1879–1954), anatomist". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34226. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^Christophers, Barry E. (Compiler). (1974). A List of the Published Works of Frederic Wood Jones, 1879–1954. Greensborough Press: Melbourne
^Photograph from University of Adelaide Library website 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
^MacCallum, Monica: Jones, Frederic Wood (1879–1954), Australian Dictionary of Biography Accessed 27 October 2011.
^"Past Recipients". Rst.org.au. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
^"The Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland – Presidents of the Society" (PDF). The Anatomical Society. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
^@ZSLLibrary (9 September 2023). "Gertrude Wood Jones nee Clunies-Ross was born #OTD in 1877 on the Cocos-Keeling Islands. #ZSLFellow and 2nd woman to be #Librarian at ZSL. She met her husband Frederic Wood Jones when he was studying corals on the Islands" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
^Delisle, R. G. (2007). Debating humankind's place in nature, 1860-2000: the nature of paleoanthropology. Prentice Hall. p. 185.
^Wood Jones proposed the Tarsian hypothesis on the 27th Feb. 1918 at a lecture entitled "The Origin of Man" at King's College, London, later published in Animal life and human progress (1919). ed. A. Dendy, Constable, London. Wood Jones followed with the booklet The Problem of Man's Ancestry (1919) discussing his theory the same year, followed by three other books defending the theory: The Ancestry Of Man (1923), Man's Place Among the Mammals (1929) and Hallmarks of Mankind (1948).
^Information, Reed Business (3 July 1958). "New Scientist". Reed Business Information. Retrieved 10 November 2017 – via Google Books. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)
^Hallmarks of Mankind. (1948). London: Bailliere Tindall and Cox. p. 86.
^Bowler, Peter J. (2001). Reconciling Science and Religion: The Debate in Early-Twentieth-Century Britain. University of Chicago Press. p. 146
^MacCallum, Monica. (1983). "Jones, Frederic Wood (1879–1954)". Australian Dictionary of Biography.
frederic, wood, jones, others, with, same, similar, names, frederick, jones, disambiguation, january, 1879, september, 1954, usually, referred, wood, jones, british, observational, naturalist, embryologist, anatomist, anthropologist, spent, considerable, time,. For others with the same or similar names see Frederick Jones disambiguation Frederic Wood Jones FRS 1 January 23 1879 September 29 1954 usually referred to as Wood Jones was a British observational naturalist embryologist anatomist and anthropologist who spent considerable time in Australia 2 3 4 5 6 7 Wood JonesBornFrederic Wood Jones 1879 01 23 23 January 1879Died29 September 1954 1954 09 29 aged 75 AwardsClarke Medal 1941 Fellow of the Royal Society 1 Scientific careerInstitutionsLondon School of Medicine for Women University of Adelaide University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa University of Melbourne University of Manchester Royal College of Surgeons of England Contents 1 Biography 2 Tarsian hypothesis 3 Philosophy 4 Publications 5 ReferencesBiography editJones was born in London England and wrote extensively on early humans including their arboreal adaptations Arboreal Man and was one of the founding fathers of the field of modern physical anthropology A friend of Le Gros Clark Wood Jones was also known for his controversial belief in the view that acquired traits could be inherited and thus his opposition to Darwinism He taught anatomy and physical anthropology at London School of Medicine for Women University of Adelaide University of Hawaiʻi at Manoa University of Melbourne University of Manchester and the Royal College of Surgeons of England Jones was president of the Royal Society of South Australia in 1927 and was awarded the RM Johnston Memorial Medal 8 by The Royal Society of Tasmania in 1925 and the Clarke Medal by the Royal Society of New South Wales in 1941 He was elected President of the Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland for 1943 to 1945 9 In 1910 in London he married Gertrude Clunies Ross the fourth daughter of George Clunies Ross 10 She was subsequently a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and only the second woman to be the society s librarian 11 Tarsian hypothesis edit Wood Jones prior to the 1930s promoted that the human line evolved from a very generalized primate from which avoided going through a hominoid ape stage His tradition of interpretation the human line avoided altogether the hominoid phase of evolution common ancestor was conceived to be tarsoid like form the rise of the bipedal posture in humans was not believed to have been preceded by a brachiation or a pre brachiation phase 12 Jones favoured a long separate non anthropoid ancestry for humans He believed that science should search as far back as the primitive tarsioid stock to find a sufficiently generalised form that would be the common ancestor of man monkeys and the anthropoid apes The tarsian hypothesis of Jones which he held to from 1918 13 until his death claimed that the human line of development did not diverge from that of apes or monkeys but from much earlier before the Oligocene 30 million years ago from a common ancestor with a primitive primate group of which the only other survivor is the Tarsier 14 Wood Jones in his The Ancestry Of Man 1923 described his Tarsian hypothesis as follows The thesis then put forward was that the general notion that Man had evolved along the line of the Linnean Classification was wrong Far from the Lemurs the Monkeys and the Anthropoid Apes being landmarks upon the line of human progress it was contended that the human stock arose from a Tarsioid form that the Lemurs were not ancestors of the Tarsioids and that the Monkeys and Apes were more specialised away from the Tarsioids than was Man himself and therefore were not his ancestors but rather his collateral descendants from a former assemblage of animals of which we have only one direct living descendant in the form of Tarsius spectrum Wood Jones explained common structural features between Man and the apes and monkeys through convergent evolution In 1948 he wrote If the primate forms immediately ancestral to the human stock are ever to be revealed they will be utterly unlike the slouching ape men of which some have dreamed and of which they have made casts and pictures during their waking hours 15 Philosophy editJones rejected organised religion and idea of an anthropomorphic deity He believed there was a cosmic mind behind nature He defended the holistic philosophy of Jan Smuts and was a strong critic of Darwinism His philosophical views are discussed in his book Design and Purpose 1942 16 17 Publications edit nbsp Arboreal Man 1916 nbsp Arboreal Man 1916 As well as numerous scientific papers books he authored coauthored and edited include Jones Frederic Wood 1912 Coral and Atolls A History and Description of the Keeling Cocos Islands with an account of their Fauna and Flora and a Discussion of the Method of Development and Transformation of Coral Structures in General Lovell Reeve amp Co Ltd London Jones Frederic Wood 1916 Arboreal Man Edward Arnold London Jones Frederic Wood 1918 The Problem of Man s Ancestry Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge Jones Frederic Wood 1920 The Principles of Anatomy as Seen in the Hand J amp A Churchill London Jones Frederic Wood 1923 The Ancestry Of Man Douglas Price Memorial Lecture No 3 R G Gilles amp Co Brisbane Jones Frederic Wood 1923 The Position of Anatomy in the Modern Medical Curriculum and the Conception of Cytoclesis Hassell Press Adelaide Jones Frederic Wood 1923 25 The Mammals of South Australia Parts I III Handbooks of the Flora and Fauna of South Australia Government Printer Adelaide Jones Frederic Wood 1925 Unscientific Essays Edward Arnold amp Co London Jones Frederic Wood 1929 Man s Place Among the Mammals Edward Arnold London Jones Frederic Wood 1934 Sea Birds Simplified Edward Arnold amp Co London Jones Frederic Wood 1934 Unscientific Excursions Edward Arnold amp Co London Jones Frederic Wood 1939 Life and Living Kegan Paul London Jones Frederic Wood 1942 Design and Purpose Kegan Paul London Jones Frederic Wood 1943 Habitat and Heritage Kegan Paul Trench Trubner London Jones Frederic Wood 1946 Structure and Function as Seen in the Foot Bailliere Tindall and Cox London Jones Frederic Wood 1946 The Principles of Anatomy as Seen in the Hand Bailliere Tindall and Cox London Jones Frederic Wood 1948 Hallmarks of Mankind Bailliere Tindall and Cox London Jones Frederic Wood 1953 Trends of Life Edward Arnold London Jones Frederic Wood Ed 1946 Buchanan s Manual of Anatomy Bailliere Tindall and Cox London Jones Frederic Wood amp Porteus Stanley David 1928 Matrix of the Mind University of Hawaiʻi Honolulu References edit a b Clark W E L G 1955 Frederic Wood Jones 1879 1954 Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 1 118 126 doi 10 1098 rsbm 1955 0009 Christophers B E 1997 Frederic Wood Jones His Major Books and How They Were Reviewed ANZ Journal of Surgery 67 9 645 659 doi 10 1111 j 1445 2197 1997 tb04617 x PMID 9322706 Clark W E 1955 In memoriam Frederic Wood Jones D Sc F R C S F R S 1879 1954 an appreciation Journal of Anatomy 89 2 255 267 PMC 1244790 PMID 14367223 W E Le Gros Clark 2004 Jones Frederic Wood 1879 1954 anatomist Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 34226 Subscription or UK public library membership required Christophers Barry E Compiler 1974 A List of the Published Works of Frederic Wood Jones 1879 1954 Greensborough Press Melbourne Photograph from University of Adelaide Library website Archived 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine MacCallum Monica Jones Frederic Wood 1879 1954 Australian Dictionary of Biography Accessed 27 October 2011 Past Recipients Rst org au Retrieved 10 November 2017 The Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland Presidents of the Society PDF The Anatomical Society Retrieved 21 October 2012 Jones Frederic Wood Who s Who 1388 1920 ZSLLibrary 9 September 2023 Gertrude Wood Jones nee Clunies Ross was born OTD in 1877 on the Cocos Keeling Islands ZSLFellow and 2nd woman to be Librarian at ZSL She met her husband Frederic Wood Jones when he was studying corals on the Islands Tweet via Twitter Delisle R G 2007 Debating humankind s place in nature 1860 2000 the nature of paleoanthropology Prentice Hall p 185 Wood Jones proposed the Tarsian hypothesis on the 27th Feb 1918 at a lecture entitled The Origin of Man at King s College London later published in Animal life and human progress 1919 ed A Dendy Constable London Wood Jones followed with the booklet The Problem of Man s Ancestry 1919 discussing his theory the same year followed by three other books defending the theory The Ancestry Of Man 1923 Man s Place Among the Mammals 1929 and Hallmarks of Mankind 1948 Information Reed Business 3 July 1958 New Scientist Reed Business Information Retrieved 10 November 2017 via Google Books a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a first has generic name help Hallmarks of Mankind 1948 London Bailliere Tindall and Cox p 86 Bowler Peter J 2001 Reconciling Science and Religion The Debate in Early Twentieth Century Britain University of Chicago Press p 146 MacCallum Monica 1983 Jones Frederic Wood 1879 1954 Australian Dictionary of Biography Awards Preceded byCarl Sussmilch Clarke Medal1941 Succeeded byWilliam Rowan Browne Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frederic Wood Jones amp oldid 1179630635, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
