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Victoria University of Manchester

March 09, 2023

The Victoria University of Manchester, usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester, was a university in Manchester, England. It was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University. After the demerger of the Victoria University, it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester.[2]

Victoria University of Manchester
Arms of the Victoria University of Manchester, adopted 1871
Former names
Owens College
MottoLatin: Arduus ad solem
Motto in English
Striving towards the sun
TypePublic
Active12 March 1851[1]–1 October 2004
Location
Manchester
,
England, UK

53°28′03″N 2°13′57″W / 53.4675°N 2.2325°W / 53.4675; -2.2325Coordinates: 53°28′03″N 2°13′57″W / 53.4675°N 2.2325°W / 53.4675; -2.2325
ColoursScarf: Blue, green white
                         

On 1 October 2004, the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) to form a new, larger entity named the University of Manchester.

History

1851–1951

 
Cobden's House, Quay Street

Owens College was founded in 1851, named after John Owens, a textile merchant, who left a bequest of £96,942 for the purpose. Its first accommodation was at Cobden House on Quay Street, Manchester, in a house which had been the residence of Richard Cobden. In 1859, Owens College was approved as a provincial examination centre for matriculation candidates of the University of London.[3] As the college progressed the premises became inadequate so a move to Chorlton on Medlock was planned in 1871. Alfred Waterhouse was the architect of the new college building, west of Oxford Road, which was opened in 1873.[a]

Owens College became the first affiliate college of the federal Victoria University in 1880. In 1884, University College Liverpool also joined the Victoria University, followed in 1887 by the Yorkshire College in Leeds. In 1903, University College Liverpool left the Victoria University to become the independent University of Liverpool; Leeds followed in 1904 to become the University of Leeds.

The new Victoria University of Manchester was established by royal charter on 15 July 1903; the university and Owens College were merged by Act of Parliament on 24 June 1904. The Manchester University Press was founded by James Tait in 1904 (as the Publications Committee of the University), initially to publish academic research being undertaken at the Victoria University of Manchester. The office was accommodated in a house in Lime Grove.[4] Distribution was then in the hands of Sherratt & Hughes of Manchester; from 1913 the distributors were Longmans, Green & Co. though this arrangement came to an end in the 1930s. The MUP offices moved several times to make way for other developments within the university. Since 1951 these have been Grove House, Oxford Road,[5] then the former University Dental Hospital of Manchester (illustrated) and until the present time the Manchester Medical School in Coupland Street.

1951–2004

In the mid-1960s the university and the city corporation commissioned Hugh Wilson and Lewis Womersley to produce a new plan for the campus. The final report was issued in 1966; it recommended removing traffic from Oxford Road to the adjacent main routes east and west, and building of the Precinct Centre – subsequently constructed in 1970–1972.[6] The Precinct Centre building included the oldest part of the Manchester Business School, Devonshire House and Crawford House and St Peter's House, the University Chaplaincy. It stood on Booth Street East and Booth Street West and Oxford Road ran through it at ground level. The architects were Wilson & Womersley, in association with the university's planning officer, H. Thomas; for St Peter's House the architects were Cruickshank & Seward.[7][8][b] The Precinct Centre was the largest public building completed in the campus redevelopment, containing office and shopping space, a pub, library and post office amongst other town centre facilities, designed to separate pedestrians from traffic.[9]

The Precinct Centre was demolished in August 2015 as part of Manchester University's £50m redevelopment of Manchester Business School.[10]

On 5 March 2003 it was announced that the university was to merge with UMIST on 1 October 2004, to form the largest conventional university in the UK, the University of Manchester, following which the Victoria University of Manchester and UMIST would cease to exist. The new university was inaugurated on 1 October 2004.

The university had more than 18,000 full-time students (including 2500 international students from more than 120 countries) by the time it merged with UMIST. It was regarded as one of the top universities in the country, frequently achieving top ratings for research.[11]

Officers

See also Category:Vice-Chancellors of the Victoria University of Manchester

The chief officers of the university were the vice-chancellor,[12] the registrar, the bursar and the librarian. In later years many administrative changes were made that increased the independence of the Director of Estates and Services, the Director of the Manchester Computing Centre, and eventually combined the offices of registrar and bursar as that of registrar and secretary, the last holder of this post was Eddie Newcomb (1995–2004).[13]

Notable people

 
Members of the Victoria Manchester University physical and electro-technical laboratories staff, 1910, including Ernest Marsden, back, second from right; William Wilson, middle row, third from left; Hans Geiger, middle row, second from right; Herbert Stansfield, seated, second from left; Professors Arthur Schuster and Ernest Rutherford, seated, centre.
Main article: List of University of Manchester people

In the early decades of Owens College, a few outstanding faculty members set high standards for the new institution. These included statistician Stanley Jevons, jurist James Bryce, William Eyre Walker (Art Master) and particularly Henry Enfield Roscoe Professor of Chemistry and Principal of the college.[14] It also educated the young J. J. Thomson before he went to Trinity College, Cambridge

Since the later 1800s, many notable people have worked and studied at the Victoria University of Manchester as, for example, Benedict Cumberbatch.

Motto and arms

The motto of the university was Arduus ad solem, meaning "striving towards the sun". It is a metaphor for aspiring to enlightenment. It is quoted from Virgil's Aeneid, Book II,[15] and the archives do not record the reasons for its choice.[16] The original verse refers to a serpent and the sun, both of which featured in the university coat of arms. The serpent is traditionally associated with wisdom. The arms were granted in October 1871 to Owens College while the Victoria University had arms of its own which fell into abeyance from 1904 upon the merger of the college with the University.

According to Norman Marlow (A. N. Marlow, Senior Lecturer in Latin, Department of Classics at the university in the 1960s), the motto Arduus ad solem – taken from Aeneid II – was a play on words, relating to Manchester's geographical situation. The Virgilian context referred to Pyrrhus, appearing in shining armour 'like a snake which has sloughed its skin, reaching upwards with an effort towards the sun'; the motto was chosen by the Professor of Latin at the time (Augustus Wilkins) and the coat of arms was applied for – suggesting both the idea of the institution striving towards excellence, and the city (with its particularly high annual rainfall) 'reaching upwards with difficulty towards the sun'.[citation needed]

The emblem of the university in use for a number of years (last used September 2004) was based on the archway into the quadrangle from Oxford Road, where there are two coats of arms, of the Victoria University and the Victoria University of Manchester, flanking the gates.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Both buildings still exist: the Quay Street house has been adapted to many purposes, recently as offices for solicitors. The college building by Waterhouse is described in the article on the University of Manchester.
  2. ^ There were also shops at ground level and first floor level and in the early years there was a branch public library.

References

  1. ^ 12 March 1851 is the opening date of Owens College; the Victoria University received a royal charter 20 April 1880; a royal charter of 15 July 1903 created the Victoria University of Manchester (and abolished the pre-existing University); University and College were merged by Act of Parliament 24 June 1904. Charlton, H. B. (1951), Portrait of a University. Manchester UP, p. 138.
  2. ^ "History of the Victoria University of Manchester". University of Manchester. from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  3. ^ Harte, Negley (1986) The University of London 1836–1986, p.106
  4. ^ Victoria University of Manchester; Calendar 1933-1934; Internet Archive
  5. ^ Charlton, H. B. (1951) Portrait of a University. Manchester: U. P.; pp. 94–95, 169.
  6. ^ Manchester Education Precinct: final report / Hugh Wilson & Lewis Womersley. 1966
  7. ^ Pullan, Brian & Abendstern, Michele (2004) A History of the University of Manchester, 1973–90. Manchester University Press ISBN 0-7190-6242-X
  8. ^ Hartwell, C., et al. (2004) Lancashire: Manchester and the South-east. New Haven: Yales University Press; p. 429
  9. ^ H. Wilson & J. L. Womersley (1975). Manchester Education Precinct: Summary of 'A Review of the Plan 1974'. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  10. ^ "Oxford Road bridge meets its demise: Photos as Manchester University's 'iconic' bridge is torn down". Manchester Evening News. 15 August 2015. from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  11. ^ Research Assessment Exercise; University of Manchester (The) 22 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ "Vice-Chancellor's Archive". ELGAR: Electronic Gateway to Archives at Rylands. John Rylands Library. from the original on 16 June 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
  13. ^ . AHUA Annual Conference 2009. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2010.
  14. ^ Messinger, Gary S. Manchester in the Victorian Age: the half-known city Manchester University Press 1985 p.142 ISBN 0719018439
  15. ^ Virgil Aeneid 2.475 <http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/vergil/aen2.shtml 2 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine>
  16. ^ Thompson, Joseph (1886) The Owens College—its foundation and growth. Manchester: J. E. Cornish

Further reading

This is a list of books about the Victoria University of Manchester and its predecessor Owens College.

  • Charlton, H. B. (1951) Portrait of a University, 1851–1951: to commemorate the centenary of Manchester University. Manchester: Manchester University Press
  • Fiddes, Edward (1937) Chapters in the History of Owens College and of Manchester University, 1851–1914. Manchester: Manchester University Press (Fiddes was registrar of the university 1904-20 and Ward Professor of History 1926–31)
  • Hartog, P. J. (1900), editor The Owens College, Manchester: a brief history of the college and description of its various departments. Manchester: J. E. Cornish
  • Pullan, Brian, with Michele Abendstern (2000) A History of the University of Manchester, 1951–73. Manchester: Manchester University Press ISBN 0-7190-5670-5 Selected pages
  • Pullan, Brian; with Abendstern, Michele (2004) A History of the University of Manchester, 1973-90. Manchester: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-6242-1
  • Thompson, Joseph (1886) The Owens College its foundation and growth: and its connection with the Victoria University, Manchester. Manchester: J. E. Cornish
  • Tout, T. F. & Tait, James (eds.) (1902) Historical Essays by the Members of Owens College, Manchester: published in commemoration of its Jubilee, 1851-1901. London: Longmans, Green 1902
  • Whitworth Art Gallery Treasures of the University of Manchester: an exhibition to celebrate the granting of the royal charter to the Victoria University in 1880; Whitworth Art Gallery, 26 April -- 28 June 1980

External links

 
Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article "Owens College".

March 09, 2023
victoria, university, manchester, usually, referred, simply, university, manchester, university, manchester, england, founded, 1851, owens, college, 1880, college, joined, federal, victoria, university, after, demerger, victoria, university, gained, independen. The Victoria University of Manchester usually referred to as simply the University of Manchester was a university in Manchester England It was founded in 1851 as Owens College In 1880 the college joined the federal Victoria University After the demerger of the Victoria University it gained an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester 2 Victoria University of ManchesterArms of the Victoria University of Manchester adopted 1871Former namesOwens CollegeMottoLatin Arduus ad solemMotto in EnglishStriving towards the sunTypePublicActive12 March 1851 1 1 October 2004LocationManchester England UK53 28 03 N 2 13 57 W 53 4675 N 2 2325 W 53 4675 2 2325 Coordinates 53 28 03 N 2 13 57 W 53 4675 N 2 2325 W 53 4675 2 2325ColoursScarf Blue green white On 1 October 2004 the Victoria University of Manchester merged with the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology UMIST to form a new larger entity named the University of Manchester Contents 1 History 1 1 1851 1951 1 2 1951 2004 2 Officers 3 Notable people 4 Motto and arms 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksHistory Edit1851 1951 Edit Cobden s House Quay Street Owens College was founded in 1851 named after John Owens a textile merchant who left a bequest of 96 942 for the purpose Its first accommodation was at Cobden House on Quay Street Manchester in a house which had been the residence of Richard Cobden In 1859 Owens College was approved as a provincial examination centre for matriculation candidates of the University of London 3 As the college progressed the premises became inadequate so a move to Chorlton on Medlock was planned in 1871 Alfred Waterhouse was the architect of the new college building west of Oxford Road which was opened in 1873 a Owens College became the first affiliate college of the federal Victoria University in 1880 In 1884 University College Liverpool also joined the Victoria University followed in 1887 by the Yorkshire College in Leeds In 1903 University College Liverpool left the Victoria University to become the independent University of Liverpool Leeds followed in 1904 to become the University of Leeds The new Victoria University of Manchester was established by royal charter on 15 July 1903 the university and Owens College were merged by Act of Parliament on 24 June 1904 The Manchester University Press was founded by James Tait in 1904 as the Publications Committee of the University initially to publish academic research being undertaken at the Victoria University of Manchester The office was accommodated in a house in Lime Grove 4 Distribution was then in the hands of Sherratt amp Hughes of Manchester from 1913 the distributors were Longmans Green amp Co though this arrangement came to an end in the 1930s The MUP offices moved several times to make way for other developments within the university Since 1951 these have been Grove House Oxford Road 5 then the former University Dental Hospital of Manchester illustrated and until the present time the Manchester Medical School in Coupland Street 1951 2004 Edit In the mid 1960s the university and the city corporation commissioned Hugh Wilson and Lewis Womersley to produce a new plan for the campus The final report was issued in 1966 it recommended removing traffic from Oxford Road to the adjacent main routes east and west and building of the Precinct Centre subsequently constructed in 1970 1972 6 The Precinct Centre building included the oldest part of the Manchester Business School Devonshire House and Crawford House and St Peter s House the University Chaplaincy It stood on Booth Street East and Booth Street West and Oxford Road ran through it at ground level The architects were Wilson amp Womersley in association with the university s planning officer H Thomas for St Peter s House the architects were Cruickshank amp Seward 7 8 b The Precinct Centre was the largest public building completed in the campus redevelopment containing office and shopping space a pub library and post office amongst other town centre facilities designed to separate pedestrians from traffic 9 The Precinct Centre was demolished in August 2015 as part of Manchester University s 50m redevelopment of Manchester Business School 10 On 5 March 2003 it was announced that the university was to merge with UMIST on 1 October 2004 to form the largest conventional university in the UK the University of Manchester following which the Victoria University of Manchester and UMIST would cease to exist The new university was inaugurated on 1 October 2004 The university had more than 18 000 full time students including 2500 international students from more than 120 countries by the time it merged with UMIST It was regarded as one of the top universities in the country frequently achieving top ratings for research 11 Officers EditSee also Category Vice Chancellors of the Victoria University of ManchesterThe chief officers of the university were the vice chancellor 12 the registrar the bursar and the librarian In later years many administrative changes were made that increased the independence of the Director of Estates and Services the Director of the Manchester Computing Centre and eventually combined the offices of registrar and bursar as that of registrar and secretary the last holder of this post was Eddie Newcomb 1995 2004 13 Notable people Edit Members of the Victoria Manchester University physical and electro technical laboratories staff 1910 including Ernest Marsden back second from right William Wilson middle row third from left Hans Geiger middle row second from right Herbert Stansfield seated second from left Professors Arthur Schuster and Ernest Rutherford seated centre Main article List of University of Manchester people In the early decades of Owens College a few outstanding faculty members set high standards for the new institution These included statistician Stanley Jevons jurist James Bryce William Eyre Walker Art Master and particularly Henry Enfield Roscoe Professor of Chemistry and Principal of the college 14 It also educated the young J J Thomson before he went to Trinity College CambridgeSince the later 1800s many notable people have worked and studied at the Victoria University of Manchester as for example Benedict Cumberbatch Motto and arms EditThe motto of the university was Arduus ad solem meaning striving towards the sun It is a metaphor for aspiring to enlightenment It is quoted from Virgil s Aeneid Book II 15 and the archives do not record the reasons for its choice 16 The original verse refers to a serpent and the sun both of which featured in the university coat of arms The serpent is traditionally associated with wisdom The arms were granted in October 1871 to Owens College while the Victoria University had arms of its own which fell into abeyance from 1904 upon the merger of the college with the University According to Norman Marlow A N Marlow Senior Lecturer in Latin Department of Classics at the university in the 1960s the motto Arduus ad solem taken from Aeneid II was a play on words relating to Manchester s geographical situation The Virgilian context referred to Pyrrhus appearing in shining armour like a snake which has sloughed its skin reaching upwards with an effort towards the sun the motto was chosen by the Professor of Latin at the time Augustus Wilkins and the coat of arms was applied for suggesting both the idea of the institution striving towards excellence and the city with its particularly high annual rainfall reaching upwards with difficulty towards the sun citation needed The emblem of the university in use for a number of years last used September 2004 was based on the archway into the quadrangle from Oxford Road where there are two coats of arms of the Victoria University and the Victoria University of Manchester flanking the gates See also Edit Greater Manchester portalVictoria University The University of Manchester List of modern universities in Europe 1801 1945 Listed buildings in Manchester M13Notes Edit Both buildings still exist the Quay Street house has been adapted to many purposes recently as offices for solicitors The college building by Waterhouse is described in the article on the University of Manchester There were also shops at ground level and first floor level and in the early years there was a branch public library References Edit 12 March 1851 is the opening date of Owens College the Victoria University received a royal charter 20 April 1880 a royal charter of 15 July 1903 created the Victoria University of Manchester and abolished the pre existing University University and College were merged by Act of Parliament 24 June 1904 Charlton H B 1951 Portrait of a University Manchester UP p 138 History of the Victoria University of Manchester University of Manchester Archived from the original on 28 April 2019 Retrieved 23 February 2015 Harte Negley 1986 The University of London 1836 1986 p 106 Victoria University of Manchester Calendar 1933 1934 Internet Archive Charlton H B 1951 Portrait of a University Manchester U P pp 94 95 169 Manchester Education Precinct final report Hugh Wilson amp Lewis Womersley 1966 Pullan Brian amp Abendstern Michele 2004 A History of the University of Manchester 1973 90 Manchester University Press ISBN 0 7190 6242 X Hartwell C et al 2004 Lancashire Manchester and the South east New Haven Yales University Press p 429 H Wilson amp J L Womersley 1975 Manchester Education Precinct Summary of A Review of the Plan 1974 Manchester Manchester University Press Oxford Road bridge meets its demise Photos as Manchester University s iconic bridge is torn down Manchester Evening News 15 August 2015 Archived from the original on 9 October 2016 Retrieved 20 September 2016 Research Assessment Exercise University of Manchester The Archived 22 December 2005 at the Wayback Machine Vice Chancellor s Archive ELGAR Electronic Gateway to Archives at Rylands John Rylands Library Archived from the original on 16 June 2022 Retrieved 18 November 2016 Eddie Newcomb AHUA Annual Conference 2009 Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Retrieved 2 October 2010 Messinger Gary S Manchester in the Victorian Age the half known city Manchester University Press 1985 p 142 ISBN 0719018439 Virgil Aeneid 2 475 lt http www thelatinlibrary com vergil aen2 shtml Archived 2 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine gt Thompson Joseph 1886 The Owens College its foundation and growth Manchester J E CornishFurther reading EditThis is a list of books about the Victoria University of Manchester and its predecessor Owens College Charlton H B 1951 Portrait of a University 1851 1951 to commemorate the centenary of Manchester University Manchester Manchester University Press Fiddes Edward 1937 Chapters in the History of Owens College and of Manchester University 1851 1914 Manchester Manchester University Press Fiddes was registrar of the university 1904 20 and Ward Professor of History 1926 31 Hartog P J 1900 editor The Owens College Manchester a brief history of the college and description of its various departments Manchester J E Cornish Pullan Brian with Michele Abendstern 2000 A History of the University of Manchester 1951 73 Manchester Manchester University Press ISBN 0 7190 5670 5 Selected pages Pullan Brian with Abendstern Michele 2004 A History of the University of Manchester 1973 90 Manchester Manchester University Press ISBN 978 0 7190 6242 1 Thompson Joseph 1886 The Owens College its foundation and growth and its connection with the Victoria University Manchester Manchester J E Cornish Tout T F amp Tait James eds 1902 Historical Essays by the Members of Owens College Manchester published in commemoration of its Jubilee 1851 1901 London Longmans Green 1902 Whitworth Art Gallery Treasures of the University of Manchester an exhibition to celebrate the granting of the royal charter to the Victoria University in 1880 Whitworth Art Gallery 26 April 28 June 1980External links Edit Wikisource has the text of the 1905 New International Encyclopedia article Owens College 1874 Owens College Manchester Lancashire The University of Manchester Old website of The Victoria University of Manchester closed Sep 2004 University of Manchester Archives held by the University of Manchester Library Lists of students at Owens College Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Victoria University of Manchester amp oldid 1125502297, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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