fbpx
Wikipedia

Frank H. Netter

August 25, 2023

Frank Henry Netter (25 April 1906 – 17 September 1991) was an American surgeon and medical illustrator. The first edition of his Atlas of Human Anatomy — his "personal Sistine Chapel"[1] — was published in 1989; he was a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine where he was first published in 1957.[2]

Frank H. Netter
Born25 April 1906
New York City, US
Died17 September 1991(1991-09-17) (aged 85)
EducationNew York University School of Medicine
Known forNetter's Atlas of Human Anatomy
Medical career
Profession
Sub-specialtiesMedical illustrator
Signature

Biography Edit

Early life, training, and medical career Edit

Frank Henry Netter was born in Manhattan at 53rd Street and Seventh Avenue, and grew up wanting to be an artist. In high school, he obtained a scholarship to study at the National Academy of Design, doing so at night while continuing high school. After further studying at the Art Students League of New York and with private teachers, he began a commercial art career, quickly achieving success and doing work for the Saturday Evening Post and The New York Times. However, his family disapproved of a career as an artist and he agreed to study medicine. After getting a degree at the City College of New York, he completed medical school at New York University and a surgical internship at Bellevue Hospital and attempted to begin practicing medicine.[1] However, as Netter put it: "This was in 1933—the depths of the Depression—and there was no such thing as medical practice. If a patient ever wandered into your office by mistake, he didn't pay."[3]

Early medical art career Edit

Having continued doing freelance art during his medical training, including some work for his professors, he fell back on medical art to supplement his income. In particular, pharmaceutical companies began seeking Netter for illustrations to help sell new products, such as Novocain. Soon after a misunderstanding wherein Netter asked for $1,500 for a series of 5 pictures and an advertising manager agreed to and paid $1,500 each - $7,500 for the series - Netter gave up the practice of medicine.

Career with CIBA Edit

In 1936, the CIBA Pharmaceutical Company commissioned a small work from him, a fold-up illustration of a heart to promote the sale of digitalis. This proved hugely popular with physicians, and a reprint without the advertising copy was even more popular.

Quickly following on the success of the fold-up heart, fold-up versions of other organs were produced. Netter then proposed that a series of pathology illustrations be produced. These illustrations were distributed to physicians as cards in a folder, with advertising for CIBA products on the inside of the folder, and were also popular with physicians. CIBA then collected these illustrations in book form, producing the CIBA Collection of Medical Illustrations, which ultimately comprised 8 volumes (13 books).

Beginning in 1948, CIBA also re-used illustrations by Netter in another series of materials to be given to physicians, the Clinical Symposia series. These were small magazine-like brochures that typically featured an extensive article on a medical condition, commonly with about a dozen of Netter's illustrations. This series was produced until 1999.[4] In 1989, Netter's Atlas of Human Anatomy was published, assembled from his previous paintings and correlated by updated diagrams.

CIBA's Medical Education Department (East Orange, NJ) filtered the paintings for printing, in an effort that The Big Green Books "might appear more 'even' over time."[This quote needs a citation] This sometimes resulted in a considerable reduction of color variation from the originals. Digital re-scans of the originals continue to be published by the current copyright owner to the collection, Elsevier Medical Publishing. Selected original paintings have been exhibited internationally.

Netter's career was described in a commemorative video by Ciba-Geigy in 1988.

Skepticism Edit

Netter was skeptical of the claims of alternative medicine and fad diets. He wrote Fad Diets Can Be Deadly (1975) which debunked the misleading claims of fad diets.[5]

Legacy Edit

In all, Netter produced nearly 4,000 illustrations, which have been included in countless publications.[6] In perspective, that number represents an image researched, sketched, and completely painted for every three business days for over 50 years.

The vast bulk of Netter's illustrations were produced for and owned by CIBA Pharmaceutical Company and its successor, CIBA-Geigy, which has since merged with Sandoz Laboratories to become Novartis. In June 2000, Novartis sold its interest in Netter's works to MediMedia USA's subsidiary Icon Learning Systems, which in turn has sold the portfolio to Elsevier, which continues to make his work available in various formats. His Atlas of Human Anatomy and other atlases have become a staple of medical education.

Dr. Netter's contribution to the study of human anatomy is epochal. He has advanced our understanding of anatomy more than any other medical illustrator since the 16th century, when Vesalius introduced drawings based on cadaveric dissections.[7]

— Dr. Michael DeBakey

The Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University in North Haven, Connecticut opened its doors in 2013.

Awards and honors Edit

Selected publications Edit

  • Fad Diets Can Be Deadly: The Safe, Sure Way to Weight Loss and Good Nutrition (1975)
  • Clinical Symposia: Surgical Anatomy of the Hand (1988)
  • The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations (1994) [with Richard Parker]
  • Interactive Atlas of Clinical Anatomy: The Clear, Easy Way to Put Anatomy Into Practice (1997)
  • The Ciba Collection of Medical Illustrations (1983)
  • Atlas of Human Anatomy (1989, 2010)

References Edit

  1. ^ a b Netter, Francine Mary; Friedlaender, Gary E. (2014). Frank H. Netter MD and a Brief History of Medical Illustration. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 472 (3): 812-819.
  2. ^ "Special Collections Malloch Room Newsletter 2" (PDF), New York Academy of Medicine, retrieved 2014-03-01[permanent dead link]
  3. ^ Medical Times. Romaine Pierson Pub, 1981.
  4. ^ "» Staff Finds: Netter's Clinical Symposia Illustrations and Other Publications and Pamphlets". Retrieved 2020-05-01.
  5. ^ Flinn, Lewis B. (1977). Review: Fad Diets Can Be Deadly by Frank Netter. Delaware Medical Journal 49 (2): 117.
  6. ^ Hansen, J. T. (2006). Frank H. Netter, M.D. (1906-1991): The Artist and His Legacy. Clinical Anatomy 19 (6): 481-486.
  7. ^ . Fort Lauderdale, FL: The Graphic Witness. Archived from the original on 26 October 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2014.

Bibliography Edit

  • Frank H. Netter (January 1981), "Frank Netter: The Man, The Artist, The Surgeon", Medical Times (condensed reprint from The Saturday Evening Post, 1976)
  • The Five Senses, CIBA-Geigy Corporation, 1992, ASIN B00A17MKVE (memorial portfolio and essays)
  • Netter, Francine Mary (his daughter) (2013). Medicine's Michelangelo: The Life & Art of Frank H. Netter, MD. Quinnipiac University Press. ISBN 978-0989137607.

External links Edit

  • , Netter Digital Images, Elsevier, archived from the original on 2012-10-23, retrieved 2013-01-12 - Short biographical article by the current publisher and copyright-owner
  • "Netter", US Elsevier Health Bookshop, retrieved 2013-01-12 - Via NYAM
  • Netter Images, retrieved 2013-01-12 - The official Facebook page of the Netter Team at Reed Elsevier
  • Working with Netter. - A brief account of medical illustrator, Craig Luce, working with Dr. Netter on Vol8, Part III (Injuries) of the Ciba Collection, 1989-91

August 25, 2023
frank, netter, frank, henry, netter, april, 1906, september, 1991, american, surgeon, medical, illustrator, first, edition, atlas, human, anatomy, personal, sistine, chapel, published, 1989, fellow, york, academy, medicine, where, first, published, 1957, born2. Frank Henry Netter 25 April 1906 17 September 1991 was an American surgeon and medical illustrator The first edition of his Atlas of Human Anatomy his personal Sistine Chapel 1 was published in 1989 he was a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine where he was first published in 1957 2 Frank H NetterBorn25 April 1906New York City USDied17 September 1991 1991 09 17 aged 85 EducationNew York University School of MedicineKnown forNetter s Atlas of Human AnatomyMedical careerProfessionPhysiciansurgeonSub specialtiesMedical illustratorSignature Contents 1 Biography 1 1 Early life training and medical career 1 2 Early medical art career 1 3 Career with CIBA 2 Skepticism 3 Legacy 4 Awards and honors 5 Selected publications 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksBiography EditEarly life training and medical career Edit Frank Henry Netter was born in Manhattan at 53rd Street and Seventh Avenue and grew up wanting to be an artist In high school he obtained a scholarship to study at the National Academy of Design doing so at night while continuing high school After further studying at the Art Students League of New York and with private teachers he began a commercial art career quickly achieving success and doing work for the Saturday Evening Post and The New York Times However his family disapproved of a career as an artist and he agreed to study medicine After getting a degree at the City College of New York he completed medical school at New York University and a surgical internship at Bellevue Hospital and attempted to begin practicing medicine 1 However as Netter put it This was in 1933 the depths of the Depression and there was no such thing as medical practice If a patient ever wandered into your office by mistake he didn t pay 3 Early medical art career Edit Having continued doing freelance art during his medical training including some work for his professors he fell back on medical art to supplement his income In particular pharmaceutical companies began seeking Netter for illustrations to help sell new products such as Novocain Soon after a misunderstanding wherein Netter asked for 1 500 for a series of 5 pictures and an advertising manager agreed to and paid 1 500 each 7 500 for the series Netter gave up the practice of medicine Career with CIBA Edit In 1936 the CIBA Pharmaceutical Company commissioned a small work from him a fold up illustration of a heart to promote the sale of digitalis This proved hugely popular with physicians and a reprint without the advertising copy was even more popular Quickly following on the success of the fold up heart fold up versions of other organs were produced Netter then proposed that a series of pathology illustrations be produced These illustrations were distributed to physicians as cards in a folder with advertising for CIBA products on the inside of the folder and were also popular with physicians CIBA then collected these illustrations in book form producing the CIBA Collection of Medical Illustrations which ultimately comprised 8 volumes 13 books Beginning in 1948 CIBA also re used illustrations by Netter in another series of materials to be given to physicians the Clinical Symposia series These were small magazine like brochures that typically featured an extensive article on a medical condition commonly with about a dozen of Netter s illustrations This series was produced until 1999 4 In 1989 Netter s Atlas of Human Anatomy was published assembled from his previous paintings and correlated by updated diagrams CIBA s Medical Education Department East Orange NJ filtered the paintings for printing in an effort that The Big Green Books might appear more even over time This quote needs a citation This sometimes resulted in a considerable reduction of color variation from the originals Digital re scans of the originals continue to be published by the current copyright owner to the collection Elsevier Medical Publishing Selected original paintings have been exhibited internationally Netter s career was described in a commemorative video by Ciba Geigy in 1988 Skepticism EditNetter was skeptical of the claims of alternative medicine and fad diets He wrote Fad Diets Can Be Deadly 1975 which debunked the misleading claims of fad diets 5 Legacy EditIn all Netter produced nearly 4 000 illustrations which have been included in countless publications 6 In perspective that number represents an image researched sketched and completely painted for every three business days for over 50 years The vast bulk of Netter s illustrations were produced for and owned by CIBA Pharmaceutical Company and its successor CIBA Geigy which has since merged with Sandoz Laboratories to become Novartis In June 2000 Novartis sold its interest in Netter s works to MediMedia USA s subsidiary Icon Learning Systems which in turn has sold the portfolio to Elsevier which continues to make his work available in various formats His Atlas of Human Anatomy and other atlases have become a staple of medical education Dr Netter s contribution to the study of human anatomy is epochal He has advanced our understanding of anatomy more than any other medical illustrator since the 16th century when Vesalius introduced drawings based on cadaveric dissections 7 Dr Michael DeBakey The Frank H Netter M D School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University in North Haven Connecticut opened its doors in 2013 Awards and honors Edit1966 Townsend Harris Medal City College of New York 1969 The Harold Swanberg Distinguished Service Award American Medical Writers Association 1973 Distinguished Service Award National Kidney Foundation 1979 Resolution of Commendation Florida State Legislature 1981 Distinguished Service Award American College of Cardiology 1981 Honorary Degree Doctor of Science New Jersey College of Medicine and Dentistry 1985 Honorary Degree Doctor of Science Georgetown University 1986 Life Achievement Award Society of Illustrators 1986 The Solomon A Berson Medical Alumni Achievement Award New York University School of Medicine 1986 Honorary Degree Doctor of Science Universite de Sherbrooke Canada 1986 Lifetime Achievement Award Association of Medical Illustrators 1986 Dedication of the Netter Library CIBA Geigy Corporation 1987 Honorary Member Radiological Society of North America 1988 Honorary Award for Contribution to Knowledge of Musculoskeletal System American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons 1988 Honorary Fellowship Medical Artists Association of Great Britain 1990 Award of Special Recognition Association of Medical Illustrators 1990 Honorary Member Award American Association of Clinical AnatomistsSelected publications EditFad Diets Can Be Deadly The Safe Sure Way to Weight Loss and Good Nutrition 1975 Clinical Symposia Surgical Anatomy of the Hand 1988 The Netter Collection of Medical Illustrations 1994 with Richard Parker Interactive Atlas of Clinical Anatomy The Clear Easy Way to Put Anatomy Into Practice 1997 The Ciba Collection of Medical Illustrations 1983 Atlas of Human Anatomy 1989 2010 References Edit a b Netter Francine Mary Friedlaender Gary E 2014 Frank H Netter MD and a Brief History of Medical Illustration Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 472 3 812 819 Special Collections Malloch Room Newsletter 2 PDF New York Academy of Medicine retrieved 2014 03 01 permanent dead link Medical Times Romaine Pierson Pub 1981 Staff Finds Netter s Clinical Symposia Illustrations and Other Publications and Pamphlets Retrieved 2020 05 01 Flinn Lewis B 1977 Review Fad Diets Can Be Deadly by Frank Netter Delaware Medical Journal 49 2 117 Hansen J T 2006 Frank H Netter M D 1906 1991 The Artist and His Legacy Clinical Anatomy 19 6 481 486 Netter Medical Trial Exhibits The Netter Story Fort Lauderdale FL The Graphic Witness Archived from the original on 26 October 2013 Retrieved 25 April 2014 Bibliography EditFrank H Netter January 1981 Frank Netter The Man The Artist The Surgeon Medical Times condensed reprint from The Saturday Evening Post 1976 The Five Senses CIBA Geigy Corporation 1992 ASIN B00A17MKVE memorial portfolio and essays Netter Francine Mary his daughter 2013 Medicine s Michelangelo The Life amp Art of Frank H Netter MD Quinnipiac University Press ISBN 978 0989137607 External links Edit Frank H Netter MD Netter Digital Images Elsevier archived from the original on 2012 10 23 retrieved 2013 01 12 Short biographical article by the current publisher and copyright owner Netter US Elsevier Health Bookshop retrieved 2013 01 12 Via NYAM Netter Images retrieved 2013 01 12 The official Facebook page of the Netter Team at Reed Elsevier Working with Netter A brief account of medical illustrator Craig Luce working with Dr Netter on Vol8 Part III Injuries of the Ciba Collection 1989 91 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frank H Netter amp oldid 1167671394, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.