The foxface rabbitfish (Siganus vulpinus), also known as the foxface, black-face rabbit fish, badger fish or the common foxface is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a rabbitfish belonging to the familySiganidae. It is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It can be found in the aquarium trade.
The foxface rabbitfish was first formally described as Amphacanthus vulpinus in 1845 by the German zoologists Hermann Schlegel & Salomon Müller with the type locality given as Ternate Island one of the Molucca Islands in Indonesia.[3] The blotched foxface (S. unimaculatus) differs from S. vulpinus in possessing a large black spot below the soft-rayed part of the dorsal fin. It is sympatric and not phylogenetically distinct, and though these two might be recently evolved species, they may be just colour morphs and should arguably to be united under the scientific name S. vulpinus. under the scientific name S. vulpinus.[4] The specific namevulpinus means "fox-like", Schlegel and Müller did not explain what this alluded to but it is thought to be the pointed snout.[5]
Descriptionedit
The foxface rabbitfish has a compressed body which has a depth which fits into its standard length 1.9 to 2.4 times. The dorsal profile of the head is steep to the rear of the eye and there is an indentation between the eyes and a tubular snout. The caudal fin is weakly forked. There is a procumbent spine in the nape to the front of the dorsal fin.[6] Like all rabbitfishes, the dorsal fin has 13 spines and 10 soft rays while the anal fin has 7 spines and 9 soft rays. The fin spines hold venom glands. This species attains a maximum total length of 25 cm (9.8 in), although 20 cm (7.9 in) is more typical.[2] The main colour on this rabbitfish is vivid yellow with white on the head and front part of the body, however foxfaces can camouflage when experiencing threat, quickly changing colour to a dark brown. There is a black band running backwards from the mouth through the eye to the start of the dorsal fin and there is a black area on the breast that runs upwards to just above the base of the pectoral-fin, tapering as it does so.[7]
Distribution and habitatedit
The foxface rabbitfish occurs in the far eastern Indian Ocean and in the western Pacific from Indonesia to the Marshall and Gilbert Islands north as far as Taiwan and south to New Caledonia and Australia.[1] In Australia it is found from Western Australia on the northern reefs and offshore reefs, at Ashmore Reef in the Timor Sea, and on the east coast in Queensland from the northern Great Barrier Reef to the Capricorn Islands.[7] It has been recorded as deep as 30 m (98 ft).[1] This species lives in lagoons and seaward reefs where there is a rich growth of corals.[7]
Biologyedit
During nighttime or when stressed the foxface rabbitfish changes to a duller mottled patternCaulerpa crassifolia is a popular food of the foxface rabbitfish.
The foxface rabbitfish is omnivorous, eating mostly algae and zooplankton.[8] They may be territorial, adults are normally found as either solitary individuals or in pairs and are associated with branching Acropora corals. Juveniles and subadults may sometimes form large schools, feeding on algae growing on the bases of Acropora corals.[2] This species produces venom in the spines of its fins.[7] In a study of the venom of a congener it was found that rabbitfish venom was similar to the venom of stonefishes.[9]
Utilisationedit
The foxface rabbitfish appears in the aquarium trade.[10] No statistics are kept for the catch and in some areas this species appears in mixed catches of reef fish, caught by spearfishing.[6]
Referencesedit
^ abcCarpenter, K.E.; Smith-Vaniz, W.F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Siganus vulpinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T69738933A115471944. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T69738933A69742649.en. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
^ abcFroese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "Siganus vulpinus" in FishBase. June 2021 version.
^Kaoru Kuriiwaa; Naoto Hanzawab; Tetsuo Yoshinoc; Seishi Kimurad & Mutsumi Nishida (2007). "Phylogenetic relationships and natural hybridization in rabbitfishes (Teleostei: Siganidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 45 (1): 69–80. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.04.018.
^Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (12 January 2021). "Order Acanthuriformes (part 2): Families Ephippidae, Leiognathidae, Scatophagidae, Antigoniidae, Siganidae, Caproidae, Luvaridae, Zanclidae and Acanthuridae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
^ abD.J. Woodland (2001). "Siganidae". In Carpenter, K.E. and Niem, V.H. (eds.). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes and marine mammal(PDF). FAO Rome. p. 3647. ISBN92-5-104587-9.
^ abcdDianne J. Bray. "Siganus vulpinus". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
^Lougher, Tristan (2006). What Fish?: A Buyer's Guide to Marine Fish. Interpet Publishing. p. 118. ISBN0-7641-3256-3. Wild specimens feed primarily on algae and zooplankton.
^Kiriake A; Ishizaki S; Nagashima Y; Shiomi K (2017). "Occurrence of a stonefish toxin-like toxin in the venom of the rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens". Toxicon. 140: 139–146. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.10.015. PMID 29055787.
^"Foxface lo". Liveaquaria. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Siganus vulpinus.
FishBase (2008): Siganus vulpinus - Foxface. Version of 2008-JAN-14. Retrieved 2008-AUG-31.
Kuriiwa, Kaoru; Hanzawa, Naoto; Yoshino, Tetsuo; Kimura, Seishi & Nishida, Mutsumi (2007): Phylogenetic relationships and natural hybridization in rabbitfishes (Teleostei: Siganidae) inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.45(1): 69–80. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.04.018 (HTML abstract)
External linksedit
Photos of Foxface rabbitfish on Sealife Collection
May 02, 2024
foxface, rabbitfish, foxface, rabbitfish, siganus, vulpinus, also, known, foxface, black, face, rabbit, fish, badger, fish, common, foxface, species, marine, finned, fish, rabbitfish, belonging, family, siganidae, found, indian, pacific, oceans, found, aquariu. The foxface rabbitfish Siganus vulpinus also known as the foxface black face rabbit fish badger fish or the common foxface is a species of marine ray finned fish a rabbitfish belonging to the family Siganidae It is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans It can be found in the aquarium trade Foxface rabbitfish Adult day colour Conservation status Least Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Order Perciformes Family Siganidae Genus Siganus Species S vulpinus Binomial name Siganus vulpinus Schlegel amp S Muller 1845 Synonyms 2 Amphacanthus vulpinus Schlegel amp Muller 1845 Lo vulpinus Schlegel amp Muller 1845 Teuthis vulpina Schlegel amp Muller 1845 Teuthis vulpinus Schlegel amp Muller 1845 Teuthis tubulosa Gronow 1854 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Biology 5 Utilisation 6 References 7 External linksTaxonomy editThe foxface rabbitfish was first formally described as Amphacanthus vulpinus in 1845 by the German zoologists Hermann Schlegel amp Salomon Muller with the type locality given as Ternate Island one of the Molucca Islands in Indonesia 3 The blotched foxface S unimaculatus differs from S vulpinus in possessing a large black spot below the soft rayed part of the dorsal fin It is sympatric and not phylogenetically distinct and though these two might be recently evolved species they may be just colour morphs and should arguably to be united under the scientific name S vulpinus under the scientific name S vulpinus 4 The specific name vulpinus means fox like Schlegel and Muller did not explain what this alluded to but it is thought to be the pointed snout 5 Description editThe foxface rabbitfish has a compressed body which has a depth which fits into its standard length 1 9 to 2 4 times The dorsal profile of the head is steep to the rear of the eye and there is an indentation between the eyes and a tubular snout The caudal fin is weakly forked There is a procumbent spine in the nape to the front of the dorsal fin 6 Like all rabbitfishes the dorsal fin has 13 spines and 10 soft rays while the anal fin has 7 spines and 9 soft rays The fin spines hold venom glands This species attains a maximum total length of 25 cm 9 8 in although 20 cm 7 9 in is more typical 2 The main colour on this rabbitfish is vivid yellow with white on the head and front part of the body however foxfaces can camouflage when experiencing threat quickly changing colour to a dark brown There is a black band running backwards from the mouth through the eye to the start of the dorsal fin and there is a black area on the breast that runs upwards to just above the base of the pectoral fin tapering as it does so 7 Distribution and habitat editThe foxface rabbitfish occurs in the far eastern Indian Ocean and in the western Pacific from Indonesia to the Marshall and Gilbert Islands north as far as Taiwan and south to New Caledonia and Australia 1 In Australia it is found from Western Australia on the northern reefs and offshore reefs at Ashmore Reef in the Timor Sea and on the east coast in Queensland from the northern Great Barrier Reef to the Capricorn Islands 7 It has been recorded as deep as 30 m 98 ft 1 This species lives in lagoons and seaward reefs where there is a rich growth of corals 7 Biology edit nbsp During nighttime or when stressed the foxface rabbitfish changes to a duller mottled pattern nbsp Caulerpa crassifolia is a popular food of the foxface rabbitfish nbsp The foxface rabbitfish is omnivorous eating mostly algae and zooplankton 8 They may be territorial adults are normally found as either solitary individuals or in pairs and are associated with branching Acropora corals Juveniles and subadults may sometimes form large schools feeding on algae growing on the bases of Acropora corals 2 This species produces venom in the spines of its fins 7 In a study of the venom of a congener it was found that rabbitfish venom was similar to the venom of stonefishes 9 Utilisation editThe foxface rabbitfish appears in the aquarium trade 10 No statistics are kept for the catch and in some areas this species appears in mixed catches of reef fish caught by spearfishing 6 References edit a b c Carpenter K E Smith Vaniz W F 2017 errata version of 2016 assessment Siganus vulpinus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T69738933A115471944 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T69738933A69742649 en Retrieved 24 July 2020 a b c Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2021 Siganus vulpinus in FishBase June 2021 version Eschmeyer William N Fricke Ron amp van der Laan Richard eds Species in the genus Siganus Catalog of Fishes California Academy of Sciences Retrieved 7 September 2021 Kaoru Kuriiwaa Naoto Hanzawab Tetsuo Yoshinoc Seishi Kimurad amp Mutsumi Nishida 2007 Phylogenetic relationships and natural hybridization in rabbitfishes Teleostei Siganidae inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45 1 69 80 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2007 04 018 Christopher Scharpf amp Kenneth J Lazara eds 12 January 2021 Order Acanthuriformes part 2 Families Ephippidae Leiognathidae Scatophagidae Antigoniidae Siganidae Caproidae Luvaridae Zanclidae and Acanthuridae The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J Lazara Retrieved 7 September 2021 a b D J Woodland 2001 Siganidae In Carpenter K E and Niem V H eds FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific Volume 6 Bony fishes part 4 Labridae to Latimeriidae estuarine crocodiles sea turtles sea snakes and marine mammal PDF FAO Rome p 3647 ISBN 92 5 104587 9 a b c d Dianne J Bray Siganus vulpinus Fishes of Australia Museums Victoria Retrieved 7 September 2021 Lougher Tristan 2006 What Fish A Buyer s Guide to Marine Fish Interpet Publishing p 118 ISBN 0 7641 3256 3 Wild specimens feed primarily on algae and zooplankton Kiriake A Ishizaki S Nagashima Y Shiomi K 2017 Occurrence of a stonefish toxin like toxin in the venom of the rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens Toxicon 140 139 146 doi 10 1016 j toxicon 2017 10 015 PMID 29055787 Foxface lo Liveaquaria Retrieved 7 September 2021 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Siganus vulpinus FishBase 2008 Siganus vulpinus Foxface Version of 2008 JAN 14 Retrieved 2008 AUG 31 Kuriiwa Kaoru Hanzawa Naoto Yoshino Tetsuo Kimura Seishi amp Nishida Mutsumi 2007 Phylogenetic relationships and natural hybridization in rabbitfishes Teleostei Siganidae inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA analyses Mol Phylogenet Evol 45 1 69 80 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2007 04 018 HTML abstract External links editPhotos of Foxface rabbitfish on Sealife Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Foxface rabbitfish amp oldid 1219750232, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
