The Fosna/Hensbacka (c. 8300 BCE – 7300 BCE, or 12000 cal BP – 10500 cal BP), were two very similar Late Palaeolithic/early Mesolithiccultures in Scandinavia, and are often subsumed under the name Fosna–Hensbacka culture. This complex includes the Komsa culture that, notwithstanding different types of tools, is also considered to be a part of the Fosna culture group.[1] The main difference is that the Fosna/Komsa culture was distributed along the coast of Northern Norway, whereas the Hensbacka culture had a more eastern distribution along the coast of western Sweden; primarily in central Bohuslän to the north of Gothenburg. The Hensbacka culture evolved into the later Sandarna culture which is found along the coast of western Sweden.[2]
Recent investigations indicate that this particular area, i.e. central Bohuslän, may well have had the largest seasonal population in northern Europe during the Late Palaeolithic/early Mesolithic transition. This was due to environmental circumstances brought about by the relationship between the Vänern basin in the east, and topographical features in the North Sea basin to the west.[3][4]
The settlements were located close to the contemporary seashore but, due to constant land uplift after deglaciation, they are now 60–70 m above present-day sea level in western Norway, while Høgnipen is as high as 150 m above present-day sea level, the difference being due to the greater crustal rebound on the Baltic side of the Scandinavian peninsula. Site locations indicate that fishing and seal hunting were important for the economy and it is assumed that hide covered wooden framed boats were used in that the majority of Hensbacka sites (c. 75%) are located on islands in the outer archipelago. The Fosna/Hensbacka culture represent a pure hunter-gatherer culture. On settlements, archaeologists have only found stone tools and the remains of the production of the same. Characteristic tools include flake axes, lanceolates and tanged arrowheads.
^Dr. Vincent H. Malmström. Professor Emeritus of Geography. (PDF). Dartmouth College. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 4, 2012. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
^Chronological insights, cultural change, and resource exploitation on the west coast of Sweden during the Late Palaeolithic/early Mesolithic transition. Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Vol.28 No.1, 2009. Schmitt, L. et al.
^"Why they came"; the colonization of the coast of western Sweden and its environmental context at the end of the last glaciation. Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Vol.25 No.1, 2006. Schmitt, L. et al.
fosna, hensbacka, culture, fosna, hensbacka, 8300, 7300, 12000, 10500, were, very, similar, late, palaeolithic, early, mesolithic, cultures, scandinavia, often, subsumed, under, name, this, complex, includes, komsa, culture, that, notwithstanding, different, t. The Fosna Hensbacka c 8300 BCE 7300 BCE or 12000 cal BP 10500 cal BP were two very similar Late Palaeolithic early Mesolithic cultures in Scandinavia and are often subsumed under the name Fosna Hensbacka culture This complex includes the Komsa culture that notwithstanding different types of tools is also considered to be a part of the Fosna culture group 1 The main difference is that the Fosna Komsa culture was distributed along the coast of Northern Norway whereas the Hensbacka culture had a more eastern distribution along the coast of western Sweden primarily in central Bohuslan to the north of Gothenburg The Hensbacka culture evolved into the later Sandarna culture which is found along the coast of western Sweden 2 a flake axe Ostergotland Recent investigations indicate that this particular area i e central Bohuslan may well have had the largest seasonal population in northern Europe during the Late Palaeolithic early Mesolithic transition This was due to environmental circumstances brought about by the relationship between the Vanern basin in the east and topographical features in the North Sea basin to the west 3 4 Contents 1 Fosna Hensbacka culture group 2 See also 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksFosna Hensbacka culture group EditThe name Fosna takes its name from Fosna or Lille Fosen the former name of Kristiansund 5 6 and it is an umbrella term for the oldest settlements along the Norwegian coast from Hordaland to Nordland The oldest settlements in Bohuslan on the Swedish west coast the Hensbacka derive from the Ahrensburgian culture group from Northern Germany The oldest Fosna settlements in Eastern Norway are found at Hognipen in Ostfold New finds 2008 on Pauler in Larvik seem to be even older 7 A core axe from Skane The settlements were located close to the contemporary seashore but due to constant land uplift after deglaciation they are now 60 70 m above present day sea level in western Norway while Hognipen is as high as 150 m above present day sea level the difference being due to the greater crustal rebound on the Baltic side of the Scandinavian peninsula Site locations indicate that fishing and seal hunting were important for the economy and it is assumed that hide covered wooden framed boats were used in that the majority of Hensbacka sites c 75 are located on islands in the outer archipelago The Fosna Hensbacka culture represent a pure hunter gatherer culture On settlements archaeologists have only found stone tools and the remains of the production of the same Characteristic tools include flake axes lanceolates and tanged arrowheads See also EditKomsa History of NorwayReferences Edit Norway Britannica online Dr Vincent H Malmstrom Professor Emeritus of Geography Norway Before the Vikings PDF Dartmouth College Archived from the original PDF on February 4 2012 Retrieved August 15 2016 Chronological insights cultural change and resource exploitation on the west coast of Sweden during the Late Palaeolithic early Mesolithic transition Oxford Journal of Archaeology Vol 28 No 1 2009 Schmitt L et al Why they came the colonization of the coast of western Sweden and its environmental context at the end of the last glaciation Oxford Journal of Archaeology Vol 25 No 1 2006 Schmitt L et al Sorbo Knut S February 21 2018 Navnet Nordmorsplassen Tidens Krav Retrieved January 15 2020 Jordahl Asbjorn February 15 2018 Navnet Fosnakvartalet Tidens Krav Retrieved January 15 2020 Frans Arne Stylegar Fosnakomplekset Store norske leksikon Retrieved August 15 2016 Further reading EditFor Hensbacka see Oxford Journal of Archaeology Vol 18 No 4 1999 amp Vol 13 No 3 1994 External links EditThe Swedish National Historic Museum on the Hensbacka culture The Swedish National Historic Museum on the Fosna culture Images of Hensbacka tools permanent dead link Images of Hensbacka tools 2 permanent dead link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fosna Hensbacka culture amp oldid 1113435419, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
