In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Álvarez de Toledo and the second or maternal family name is Enríquez de Guzmán.
Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán, 4th Duke of Alba, Grandee of Spain, (in full, Spanish: Don Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán, cuarto Duque de Alba de Tormes, Duque de Huéscar, Marqués de Coria, Señor del estado de Valdecorneja, Comendador Mayor de la Orden de Calatrava), (21 November 1537 – 11 December 1583), was a commander in the Spanish army during the Eighty Years' War.
Don Fadrique was commander of the Spanish troops during the most bloody phase of the war in the Netherlands. He was in charge of the Spanish troops that slaughtered the populations of Mechelen, Zutphen and Naarden, as well as during the costly Siege of Haarlem. In Mechelen, his troops were allowed to pillage, loot and destroy for three days. These and other pillages were later known in Europe as the Spanish Fury.
His army failed in the siege of Alkmaar, and he had to retreat. His father the Duke did not approve, he was afraid of his son's reputation that was already not good with Philip II of Spain, their King.
After two short marriages, in 1555 to Guiomar de Aragón (died 1557), daughter of Alfonso de Aragón, Duque de Segorbe and in 1562 to María Josefa Pimentel y Girón (died 1566), daughter of Antonio Alonso Pimentel y Herrera de Velasco, III duque de Benavente, Fadrique had in 1566 promised to marry Magdalena de Guzman, lady of Queen Anne of Austria, but resiled from it, costing him arrest and imprisonment in the Castle of La Mota, Medina del Campo, Valladolid. The following year he was released so he could go abroad to fight. In 1578 Philip II ordered the case reopened against Fadrique, during which it was discovered that in order to prevent the marriage with Magdalena de Guzman, Fadrique had secretly married by proxy to María de Toledo, daughter of García Álvarez de Toledo and Osorio, IV Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo, with the permission of his father the Duke of Alba, in contravention of the provisions of the King. Fadrique was again confined in the Castillo de la Mota and his father was banished from the court.
Fadrique had no surviving children from his marriage with María de Toledo, and was succeeded by his nephew Antonio Álvarez de Toledo.
Don Fadrique's health had deteriorated after 1573. He was Duke between 11 December 1582 and 11 December 1583.
Media related to Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba at Wikimedia Commons
October 21, 2023
fadrique, Álvarez, toledo, duke, alba, this, article, does, cite, sources, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, december, 2. This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo 4th Duke of Alba news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Alvarez de Toledo and the second or maternal family name is Enriquez de Guzman Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo y Enriquez de Guzman 4th Duke of Alba Grandee of Spain in full Spanish Don Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo y Enriquez de Guzman cuarto Duque de Alba de Tormes Duque de Huescar Marques de Coria Senor del estado de Valdecorneja Comendador Mayor de la Orden de Calatrava 21 November 1537 11 December 1583 was a commander in the Spanish army during the Eighty Years War The Most ExcellentFadrique Alvarez de Toledo4th Duke of Alba GEBornFadrique Alvarez de Toledo y Enriquez de Guzman 1537 11 21 21 November 1537Died11 December 1583 1583 12 11 aged 46 Alba de Tormes SpainDon Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo IV Duke of Alba Biography EditHe was the first legitimate son of Fernando Alvarez de Toledo 3rd Duke of Alba and he became the fourth Duke after his father s death His titles included Duke of Huescar Marquis of Coria es and Comendador Mayor in the Order of Calatrava Don Fadrique was commander of the Spanish troops during the most bloody phase of the war in the Netherlands He was in charge of the Spanish troops that slaughtered the populations of Mechelen Zutphen and Naarden as well as during the costly Siege of Haarlem In Mechelen his troops were allowed to pillage loot and destroy for three days These and other pillages were later known in Europe as the Spanish Fury His army failed in the siege of Alkmaar and he had to retreat His father the Duke did not approve he was afraid of his son s reputation that was already not good with Philip II of Spain their King After two short marriages in 1555 to Guiomar de Aragon died 1557 daughter of Alfonso de Aragon Duque de Segorbe and in 1562 to Maria Josefa Pimentel y Giron died 1566 daughter of Antonio Alonso Pimentel y Herrera de Velasco III duque de Benavente Fadrique had in 1566 promised to marry Magdalena de Guzman lady of Queen Anne of Austria but resiled from it costing him arrest and imprisonment in the Castle of La Mota Medina del Campo Valladolid The following year he was released so he could go abroad to fight In 1578 Philip II ordered the case reopened against Fadrique during which it was discovered that in order to prevent the marriage with Magdalena de Guzman Fadrique had secretly married by proxy to Maria de Toledo daughter of Garcia Alvarez de Toledo and Osorio IV Marquis of Villafranca del Bierzo with the permission of his father the Duke of Alba in contravention of the provisions of the King Fadrique was again confined in the Castillo de la Mota and his father was banished from the court Fadrique had no surviving children from his marriage with Maria de Toledo and was succeeded by his nephew Antonio Alvarez de Toledo Don Fadrique s health had deteriorated after 1573 He was Duke between 11 December 1582 and 11 December 1583 Ancestry Edit8 Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo2nd Duke of Alba4 Garcia de Toledo9 Isabel de Zuniga y Pimentel2 Fernando Alvarez de Toledo3rd Duke of Alba10 Rodrigo Alonso PimentelDuke of Benavente5 Beatriz Pimentel11 Maria PachecoLady of Villacidaler1 Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo12 Enrique Enriquez6 Diego Enriquez de Guzman3rd Count of Alba de Liste13 Teresa EnriquezLady of Villada3 Maria Enriquez de Toledo14 Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo2nd Duke of Alba7 Leonor Alvarez de Toledo15 Isabel de Zuniga y Pimentel Spanish nobilityPreceded byFernandoAlvarez de Toledo Duke of Alba1582 1583 Succeeded byAntonioAlvarez de ToledoNew title Duke of Huescar1563 1583External links Edit nbsp Media related to Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo 4th Duke of Alba at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fadrique Alvarez de Toledo 4th Duke of Alba amp oldid 1158217397, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
