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Eudonia

December 15, 2023

Eudonia is a large and widespread genus in the grass moth family (Crambidae), subfamily Scopariinae. There is no common name for the roughly 250 species placed here; new species are still being described regularly. Although the genus was proposed early in the 19th century, many of these moths were for a long time retained in Scoparia, the type genus of the subfamily and a close relative of Eudonia. A few small genera have been proposed for separation from Eudonia, but given the size of this group this is not particularly convincing;[according to whom?] thus, all are retained here pending a comprehensive phylogenetic review.

Eudonia
Eudonia angustea imago
Oza dos Ríos, Galicia, Spain
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Crambidae
Subfamily: Scopariinae
Genus: Eudonia
Billberg, 1820
Type species
Phalaena mercurella
Diversity
About 250 species
Synonyms

Boiea Zetterstedt, 1839
Borea (lapsus)
Dipleurina Chapman, 1912
Dipluerina (lapsus)
Epileucia (nomen nudum)
Malageudonia Leraut, 1989
Vietteina Leraut, 1989
Witlesia Chapman, 1912
Wittlesia (lapsus)

Description and ecology edit

They are usually greyish-brownish and rather inconspicuous moths, though some are more boldly patterned in blackish, pale and even yellow hues. Like their close relatives, they lack the loop formed by forewing veins 1a/1b, and their labial palps are elongated and project straightly, appearing like a pointed "beak". The genitals have a characteristically simple shape in this genus; while they cannot usually be depended upon to differ significantly between species, they allow to distinguish this genus from similar moths. In the males, the clasper's harpe has few if any unusual features, the aedeagus is usually a rather nondescript rod, and the vesica bears a characteristic small disc with a grainy surface. In females, the ductus bursae is kinked at the junction of the forward (membranous) and hind (sclerotized) parts, with a particularly heavy sclerotized triangle bearing small teeth half-hidden in the kink.[1]

They are common across the world's continents except in deserts, on high mountains, and in glaciated areas. They are apparently able to disperse well over water, as evidenced by the Polynesian radiations which occur mainly from Hawaiian Islands to the Austral Islands as well as on New Zealand; several of these island endemics might nowadays be rare or extinct due to the disappearance of their food plants, but overall the genus is not yet very well studied. As far as is known, the caterpillar larvae of most Eudonia feed on mosses, namely of subclasses Bryidae and Dicranidae; some also eat lichen. In a few cases, other food plants have been recorded or suspected, such as Colobanthus pearlworts or woody asterids of genus Olearia (daisy-bushes).[2]

Species edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ Clarke (1986)
  2. ^ Clarke (1986), and see references in Savela

References edit

  • Clarke, John Frederick Gates (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416: 1-485. PDF fulltext 2012-03-27 at the Wayback Machine (214 MB!)
  • Savela, Markku (2010) Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms – Diaphania indica. Version of April 6, 2010. Retrieved October 14, 2011.
  • Leraut, P., 1984: Contribution à l'étude des Scopariinae. 4. Révision des types décrits de la région paléarctique occidentale, description de dix nouveaux taxa et ébauche d'une liste des espèces de cette région. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie Alexanor: 157-192.
  • Leraut, P., 1985: Contribution à l'étude des Scopariinae. 5. Quatre nouveaux taxa d'Afghanistan. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie N.S. 2 (3): 325-329.
  • Leraut, P., 1986: Contribution à l'étude des Scopariinae. 6. Dix nouveaux taxa, dont trois genres, de Chine et du nord de l'Inde. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie N.S. 3 (1): 123-131.
  • Li, W.-c., 2012: One new species of the genus Eudonia Billberg (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Scopariinae) from China. Entomotaxonomia 34 (2): 267-269.
  • Li, W.-C. ; H.-H. Li & M. Nuss, 2012: Taxonomic revision of the genus Eudonia Billberg, 1820 from China (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Scopariinae). Zootaxa 3273: 1-27.
  • Nuss, M., 1998: The Scopariinae and Heliothelinae stat. rev. (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) of the Oriental Region-a revisional synopsis with descriptions of new species from the Philippines and Sumatra. Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo Supplement 17: 475-528.
  • Sasaki, A., 1998: Notes on the Scopariinae from Taiwan, with descriptions of nine new species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Tinea 15 (3): 191-201.

External links edit

 
Wikispecies has information related to Eudonia.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eudonia.
  • "GlobIZ search". Global Information System on Pyraloidea.

December 15, 2023
eudonia, large, widespread, genus, grass, moth, family, crambidae, subfamily, scopariinae, there, common, name, roughly, species, placed, here, species, still, being, described, regularly, although, genus, proposed, early, 19th, century, many, these, moths, we. Eudonia is a large and widespread genus in the grass moth family Crambidae subfamily Scopariinae There is no common name for the roughly 250 species placed here new species are still being described regularly Although the genus was proposed early in the 19th century many of these moths were for a long time retained in Scoparia the type genus of the subfamily and a close relative of Eudonia A few small genera have been proposed for separation from Eudonia but given the size of this group this is not particularly convincing according to whom thus all are retained here pending a comprehensive phylogenetic review EudoniaEudonia angustea imagoOza dos Rios Galicia SpainScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder LepidopteraFamily CrambidaeSubfamily ScopariinaeGenus EudoniaBillberg 1820Type speciesPhalaena mercurellaLinnaeus 1758DiversityAbout 250 speciesSynonymsBoiea Zetterstedt 1839Borea lapsus Dipleurina Chapman 1912Dipluerina lapsus Epileucia nomen nudum Malageudonia Leraut 1989Vietteina Leraut 1989Witlesia Chapman 1912Wittlesia lapsus Contents 1 Description and ecology 2 Species 3 Footnotes 4 References 5 External linksDescription and ecology editThey are usually greyish brownish and rather inconspicuous moths though some are more boldly patterned in blackish pale and even yellow hues Like their close relatives they lack the loop formed by forewing veins 1a 1b and their labial palps are elongated and project straightly appearing like a pointed beak The genitals have a characteristically simple shape in this genus while they cannot usually be depended upon to differ significantly between species they allow to distinguish this genus from similar moths In the males the clasper s harpe has few if any unusual features the aedeagus is usually a rather nondescript rod and the vesica bears a characteristic small disc with a grainy surface In females the ductus bursae is kinked at the junction of the forward membranous and hind sclerotized parts with a particularly heavy sclerotized triangle bearing small teeth half hidden in the kink 1 They are common across the world s continents except in deserts on high mountains and in glaciated areas They are apparently able to disperse well over water as evidenced by the Polynesian radiations which occur mainly from Hawaiian Islands to the Austral Islands as well as on New Zealand several of these island endemics might nowadays be rare or extinct due to the disappearance of their food plants but overall the genus is not yet very well studied As far as is known the caterpillar larvae of most Eudonia feed on mosses namely of subclasses Bryidae and Dicranidae some also eat lichen In a few cases other food plants have been recorded or suspected such as Colobanthus pearlworts or woody asterids of genus Olearia daisy bushes 2 Species editEudonia abrupta W Li 2012 Eudonia achlya J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia actias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia aeolias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia aequalis Kyrki amp Svensson in Palm 1986 Eudonia albafascicula Salmon amp Bradley 1956 Eudonia albertalis Dyar 1929 Eudonia albilinea Sasaki 1998 Eudonia alopecias Meyrick 1901 Eudonia alpina J Curtis 1850 including E lugubralis Eudonia alticola Leraut 1989 Eudonia amphicypella Meyrick 1899 Eudonia angustea J Curtis 1827 Eudonia anthracias Meyrick 1885 Eudonia antimacha Meyrick 1899 Eudonia aphrodes Meyrick 1884 Eudonia apicifusca Sasaki 1999 Eudonia aplysia J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia ara J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia asaleuta Meyrick 1907 Eudonia aspidota Meyrick 1884 Eudonia asterisca Meyrick 1885 Eudonia atmogramma Meyrick 1915 Eudonia australialis Guenee 1854 Eudonia axena Meyrick 1884 Eudonia balanopis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia bidentata Maes 2004 Eudonia bisinualis Hudson 1928 Eudonia bronzalis Barnes amp Benjamin 1922 Eudonia bucolica Meyrick 1899 Eudonia camerounensis Maes 1996 Eudonia cataxesta Meyrick 1884 Eudonia cavata Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia chalara Meyrick 1901 Eudonia characta Meyrick 1885 Eudonia chlamydota Meyrick 1885 Eudonia choristis Meyrick 1907 Eudonia chrysomicta Meyrick 1929 Eudonia chrysopetra Meyrick 1929 Eudonia citrocosma Meyrick 1929 Eudonia clavula J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia cleodoralis Walker 1859 Eudonia clerica Meyrick 1929 Eudonia clonodes Meyrick 1899 Eudonia colpota Meyrick 1888 Eudonia commortalis Dyar 1921 Eudonia crassiuscula Dyar 1929 Eudonia crataea Meyrick 1899 Eudonia critica Meyrick 1885 Eudonia cryerodes Meyrick 1899 Eudonia crypsinoa Meyrick 1885 Eudonia cymatias Meyrick 1885 Eudonia cyptastis Meyrick 1909 Eudonia dactyliopa Meyrick 1899 Eudonia decorella Stainton 1859 Eudonia deltophora Meyrick 1884 Eudonia delunella Stainton 1849 Eudonia demodes Meyrick 1888 Eudonia dinodes Meyrick 1885 Eudonia diphtheralis Walker 1866 Eudonia dochmia Meyrick 1905 Eudonia duospinata Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia dupla J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia echo Dyar 1929 Eudonia empeda Meyrick 1899 Eudonia entabeniensis Maes 2004 Eudonia epicremna Meyrick 1885 Eudonia epicryma Meyrick 1885 Eudonia epimystis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia erebochalca Meyrick 1899 Eudonia eremitis Meyrick 1885 Eudonia excursalis Dyar 1929 Eudonia exilis Knaggs 1867 Eudonia expallidalis Dyar 1906 Eudonia exterminata Meyrick 1929 Eudonia extincta Dyar 1921 Eudonia feredayi Knaggs 1867 Eudonia fogoalis Derra 2008 Eudonia formosa Butler 1881 Eudonia fotounii Maes 1996 Eudonia franciscalis Munroe 1972 Eudonia franclemonti Munroe 1972 Eudonia frigida Butler 1881 Eudonia furva Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia geminoflexuosa Nuss Karsholt amp Meyer 1998 Eudonia geraea Meyrick 1899 Eudonia gigantea Sasaki 1998 Eudonia gonodecta Meyrick 1904 Eudonia gracilineata Nuss 2000 Eudonia gressitti Munroe 1964 Eudonia griveaudi Leraut 1989 Eudonia gyrotoma Meyrick 1909 Eudonia halirrhoa Meyrick 1899 Eudonia hawaiiensis Butler 1881 Eudonia hemicycla Meyrick 1885 Eudonia hemiplaca Meyrick 1889 Eudonia heterosalis McDunnough 1961 Eudonia hexamera Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia homala Meyrick 1885 Eudonia ianthes Meyrick 1899 Eudonia idiogama Meyrick 1935 Eudonia inexoptata Dyar 1929 Eudonia inouei Sasaki 1998 Eudonia interlinealis Warren 1905 Eudonia ischnias Meyrick 1888 Eudonia isophaea Meyrick 1904 Eudonia ivelonensis Leraut 1989 Eudonia jucunda Butler 1881 Eudonia lacustrata Panzer 1804 Eudonia laetella Zeller 1846 Eudonia legnota Meyrick 1885 Eudonia leptalea Meyrick 1885 Eudonia leucogramma Meyrick 1884 Eudonia leucophthalma Dyar 1929 Eudonia liebmanni Petry 1904 Eudonia lijiangensis Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia lindbergalis Viette 1958 Eudonia linealis Walker 1866 Eudonia lineola J Curtis 1827 Eudonia locularis Meyrick 1912 Eudonia loxocentra Meyrick 1899 Eudonia luminatrix Meyrick 1909 Eudonia luteusalis Hampson 1907 Eudonia lycopodiae Swezey 1910 Eudonia madagascariensis Leraut 1989 Eudonia magna Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia magnibursa Inoue 1982 Eudonia malawiensis Nuss 2000 Eudonia malgassicella Marion 1956 Eudonia manganeutis Meyrick 1885 Eudonia marioni Leraut 1989 Eudonia marmarias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia mawsoni Womersley amp Tindale 1937 Eudonia medinella Snellen 1890 Eudonia melanaegis Meyrick 1885 Eudonia melanocephala Meyrick 1899 Eudonia melanographa Hampson 1907 Eudonia melichlora Meyrick 1899 Eudonia meliturga Meyrick 1905 Eudonia mercurella Linnaeus 1758 Eudonia meristis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia mesoleuca Meyrick 1888 Eudonia miantis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia microdontalis Hampson 1907 Eudonia microphthalma Meyrick 1885 Eudonia minima Leraut 1989 Eudonia minualis Walker 1866 Eudonia minusculalis Walker 1866 Eudonia montana Butler 1882 Eudonia munroei J F G Clarke 1986 Eudonia murana J Curtis 1827 Scotch gray wall grey Eudonia nakajimai Sasaki 2002 Eudonia nectarioides Swezey 1913 Eudonia notozeucta Meyrick 1938 Eudonia nyctombra Meyrick 1899 Eudonia octophora Meyrick 1884 Eudonia oculata Philpott 1927 Eudonia oenopis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia oertneri Nuss 2007 Eudonia officialis Meyrick 1929 Eudonia okuensis Maes 1996 Eudonia ombrodes Meyrick 1888 Eudonia opostactis Meyrick 1929 Eudonia oreas Meyrick 1885 Eudonia organaea Meyrick 1901 Eudonia orthioplecta Meyrick 1937 Eudonia orthoria Meyrick 1899 Eudonia owadai Sasaki 1998 Eudonia oxythyma Meyrick 1899 Eudonia pachyerga Meyrick 1927 Eudonia pachysema Meyrick 1888 Eudonia paghmanella Leraut 1985 Eudonia pallida J Curtis 1827 Eudonia paltomacha Meyrick 1884 Eudonia parachlora Meyrick 1899 Eudonia paraequalis Nel 2012 Eudonia parviangusta Nuss Karsholt amp Meyer 1998 Eudonia passalota Meyrick 1899 Eudonia pentaspila Meyrick 1899 Eudonia perierga Meyrick 1885 Eudonia perinetensis Leraut 1989 Eudonia periphanes Meyrick 1885 Eudonia peronetis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia persimilis Sasaki 1991 Eudonia petrophila Standfuss 1848 Eudonia phaeoleuca Zeller 1846 Eudonia philerga Meyrick 1884 Eudonia philetaera Meyrick 1885 Eudonia philorphna Meyrick 1929 Eudonia piroformis Amsel 1949 Eudonia platyscia Meyrick 1899 Eudonia pongalis C Felder R Felder amp Rogenhofer 1875 Eudonia probolaea Meyrick 1899 including E omichlopis Eudonia promiscua Wileman amp South 1919 Eudonia protorthra Meyrick 1885 Eudonia psammitis Meyrick 1885 Eudonia psednopa Meyrick 1929 Eudonia puellaris Sasaki 1991 Eudonia pygmina Leraut 1988 Eudonia quaestoria Meyrick 1929 Eudonia rakaiensis Knaggs 1867 Eudonia rectilinea Zeller 1874 Eudonia rectilineata Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia religiosa Meyrick 1904 Eudonia rhombias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia rotundalis Munroe 1972 Eudonia sabulosellus Walker 1863 Eudonia schwarzalis Dyar 1906 Eudonia scoriella T V Wollaston 1858 Eudonia senecaensis Huemer amp Leraut 1993 Eudonia shafferi Nuss Karsholt amp Meyer 1998 Eudonia siderina Meyrick 1899 Eudonia singulannulata Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia sogai Leraut 1989 Eudonia spaldingalis Barnes amp McDunnough 1912 Eudonia spectacularis Meyrick 1929 Eudonia speideli Leraut 1982 Eudonia spenceri Munroe 1972 Eudonia stenota T V Wollaston 1858 Eudonia steropaea Meyrick 1884 Eudonia strigalis Dyar 1906 Eudonia struthias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia subditella Walker 1866 Eudonia submarginalis Walker 1863 Eudonia sudetica Zeller 1839 Eudonia synapta Meyrick 1885 Eudonia taiwanalpina Sasaki 1998 Eudonia tetranesa Meyrick 1899 Eudonia thalamias Meyrick 1899 Eudonia thomealis Viette 1957 Eudonia threnodes Meyrick 1887 Eudonia thyellopis Meyrick 1899 Eudonia thyridias Meyrick 1905 Eudonia tibetalis Caradja in Caradja amp Meyrick 1937 Eudonia tivira J F G Clarke 1971 Eudonia torniplagalis Dyar 1904 Eudonia torodes Meyrick 1901 Eudonia triacma Meyrick 1899 Eudonia triclera Meyrick 1905 Eudonia trivirgatus C Felder R Felder amp Rogenhofer 1875 Eudonia truncicolella Stainton 1849 Eudonia tyraula Meyrick 1899 Eudonia tyrophanta Meyrick 1932 Eudonia umbrosa Sasaki 1998 Eudonia ustiramis Meyrick 1931 Eudonia vallesialis Duponchel 1832 Eudonia venosa Butler 1881 Eudonia viettei Leraut 1989 Eudonia vinasalis Dyar 1929 Eudonia vivida Munroe 1972 Eudonia wolongensis Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia xysmatias Meyrick 1907 Eudonia yaoundeiensis Maes 1996 Eudonia ycarda Dyar 1929 Eudonia zhongdianensis Li Li amp Nuss 2012 Eudonia zophochlaena Meyrick 1923 Eudonia zophochlora Meyrick 1899 Footnotes edit Clarke 1986 Clarke 1986 and see references in SavelaReferences editClarke John Frederick Gates 1986 Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 416 1 485 PDF fulltext Archived 2012 03 27 at the Wayback Machine 214 MB Savela Markku 2010 Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms Diaphania indica Version of April 6 2010 Retrieved October 14 2011 Leraut P 1984 Contribution a l etude des Scopariinae 4 Revision des types decrits de la region palearctique occidentale description de dix nouveaux taxa et ebauche d une liste des especes de cette region Lepidoptera Crambidae Nouvelle Revue d Entomologie Alexanor 157 192 Leraut P 1985 Contribution a l etude des Scopariinae 5 Quatre nouveaux taxa d Afghanistan Lepidoptera Crambidae Nouvelle Revue d Entomologie N S 2 3 325 329 Leraut P 1986 Contribution a l etude des Scopariinae 6 Dix nouveaux taxa dont trois genres de Chine et du nord de l Inde Lepidoptera Crambidae Nouvelle Revue d Entomologie N S 3 1 123 131 Li W c 2012 One new species of the genus Eudonia Billberg Lepidoptera Crambidae Scopariinae from China Entomotaxonomia 34 2 267 269 Li W C H H Li amp M Nuss 2012 Taxonomic revision of the genus Eudonia Billberg 1820 from China Lepidoptera Crambidae Scopariinae Zootaxa 3273 1 27 Nuss M 1998 The Scopariinae and Heliothelinae stat rev Lepidoptera Pyraloidea Crambidae of the Oriental Region a revisional synopsis with descriptions of new species from the Philippines and Sumatra Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo Supplement 17 475 528 Sasaki A 1998 Notes on the Scopariinae from Taiwan with descriptions of nine new species Lepidoptera Crambidae Tinea 15 3 191 201 External links edit nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Eudonia nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eudonia GlobIZ search Global Information System on Pyraloidea Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eudonia amp oldid 1188308406, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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