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Erciş

January 15, 2024

Erciş (pronounced [eɾˈdʒiʃ]; Kurdish: Erdiş;[2] Armenian: Ականց, romanized: Akants, historically Արճեշ, Arjesh) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 2,133 km2,[4] and its population is 171,000 (2022).[1] It is located at the northern end of Lake Van.

Erciş
Արճեշ • Erdiş
District and municipality
Erciş city center
Map showing Erciş District in Van Province
Erciş
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 39°01′52″N 43°21′35″E / 39.03111°N 43.35972°E / 39.03111; 43.35972
CountryTurkey
ProvinceVan
Area
2,133 km2 (824 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
171,000
 • Density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneTRT (UTC+3)
Postal code
65400
Area code0432
Websitewww.ercis.bel.tr

History of Artchesh edit

During Classical Antiquity, the town was known as Arsissa, and Archesh (Arčeš) in Armenian and Arjish in Arabic.[5] The Byzantines knew it as Arzes (Ἂρζες or Ἀρζές) and the 10th-century emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos wrote in his De administrando imperio (Chapter XLIV) that it was under the rule of the Kaysite emirate of Manzikert.

This small district served as the capital city of a number of ruling states. It was the main center of the province of Turuberan as part of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia. The city changed hands on several occasions between the Arabs and the Byzantines, in the early Middle Ages. From the mid 1020s onwards Archesh was governed by the Byzantines. In 1054, it was captured and sacked by the Seljuk Turks commanded by Tuğrul[6] after an eight-day siege. It was fortified in the early 14th century by the Ilkhanid vizier Ali Shah. Archesh became part of the Qara Qoyunlu state and later became a part of the Ottoman Empire.

From 18th century, because of the increase of level of Lake Van the old town (called Archesh) slowly disappeared. By the second half of the 19th century few traces of the buildings, churches and dwelling houses remained. After old Archesh/Erciş was flooded by water, the city was moved to north to a much higher place called Alada in 1841. There the new town was built called Akants (Նոր Արճեշ (Armenian pronunciation: [ɑɾtʃɛʃ], New Artchesh in Armenian and Erciş (Turkish pronunciation: [eɾdʒiʃ]) in Turkish).[7] While the new site inherited the old city's name and identity, as well as most of the population, some of the old site's residents moved out into the surrounding countryside instead and settled in villages such as Çelebibaği.[8] In 1890 64% of the population of the district was Armenian.

The Armenian population was wiped out during the Armenian genocide of 1915. That same year Russian forces captured the city during the Caucasus Campaign. They were replaced by makeshift Armenian forces after December 1917. These were eventually driven out by the Ottomans on April 1, 1918.

In July 1930 in Erçis occurred the Zilan Massacre in which the Turkish army massacred thousands of Kurds.[9]

The city was shaken by a major earthquake on 23 October 2011.[10]

Government edit

District Governor Nuri Mehmetbeyoğlu was appointed as a trustee for the Erçis municipality.[11]

Population edit

The total population of the district at the end of 2022 was 171,000.[1]

Geography edit

The district covers an area of 2,133 km² and is surrounded by Muradiye District to the east, Bitlis Province to the west, Ağrı Province on the north and by Lake Van on the south. There is a volcanic mountain and caldera called Mount Meydan in the district.

To the north of Erciş is a large, steep highland area known as the Ala Dağ (literally "mottled mountain"), which contains the tributaries of the Zilan Dere.[8] This is part of a general highland belt that separates the small plains north of Lake Van from the districts of Doğubayazıt and Diyadin further north.[8] The Mount Süphan and Mount Nemrut further west are also part of this highland belt, as is the Mount Tendürek immediately to the east.[8] The Ala Dağ's underlying rock is fairly soft and as a result the whole area is eroded into many sharp ridges.[8] However, many of these ridges are covered in grass.[8] There are villages in some of the valleys in the Ala Dağ, and there was historically a route cutting through some of these valleys to reach Diyadin further north.[8] Historical records also refer to an "Ala Dağ" as the site of an Ilkhanid palace and a grazing area for Mongol pastoralists, but this seems to be referring to a different place.[8]

It is one of the most developed cities in eastern Turkey and it is the place where the folk songs are still alive. Many kinds of fruits and vegetables are raised. Planting of poplar trees is widely seen in the city and surroundings.

Composition edit

There are 102 neighbourhoods in Erciş District:[12]

  • Adnan Menderes
  • Ağaçören
  • Ağırkaya
  • Akbaş
  • Akçayuva
  • Aksakal
  • Alkanat
  • Apdalmezrası
  • Aşağıakçagedik
  • Aşağıçökek
  • Aşağıgöze
  • Aşağıışıklı
  • Aşağıkozluca
  • Bayazıt
  • Bayramlı
  • Bozyaka
  • Bucakönü
  • Bulamaç
  • Çakırbey
  • Camikebir
  • Çatakdibi
  • Çataltepe
  • Çelebibağı
  • Çetintaş
  • Çimen
  • Çobandüzü
  • Çubuklu
  • Deliçay
  • Derekent
  • Derimevi
  • Dinlence
  • Doğancı
  • Doluca
  • Duracak
  • Düvenci
  • Ekiciler
  • Ergücü
  • Evbeyli
  • Gedikdibi
  • Gergili
  • Gökoğlan
  • Gölağzı
  • Görüşlü
  • Gözütok
  • Gültepe
  • Gümüşoluk
  • Hacıkaş
  • Hasanabdal
  • Haydarbey
  • Hocaali
  • İkizçalı
  • İşbaşı
  • Kadirasker
  • Karatavuk
  • Kardoğan
  • Karlıyayla
  • Kasımbağı
  • Kayaboyun
  • Kekiksırtı
  • Keklikova
  • Kırkdeğirmen
  • Kırkpınar
  • Kışla
  • Kızılören
  • Kocapınar
  • Koçköprü
  • Köycük
  • Latifiye
  • Mağara
  • Nişancı
  • Örene
  • Ortayayla
  • Oyalı
  • Payköy
  • Pınarlı
  • Sabanbüken
  • Sahil Kent
  • Salihiye
  • Salmanağa
  • Şehirpazar
  • Şerefli
  • Söğütlü
  • Taşevler
  • Taşkapı
  • Taşlıçay
  • Tekevler
  • Tekler
  • Topraklı
  • Ulupamir
  • Uncular
  • Vanyolu
  • Yalındam
  • Yankıtepe
  • Yeşilova
  • Yetişen
  • Yılanlı
  • Yoldere
  • Yöreli
  • Yukarıakçagedik
  • Yukarıçınarlı
  • Yukarıışıklı
  • Yünören

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  2. ^ Adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 57. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  3. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  4. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. ^ Baldwin, M.W., ed. (1969), A History of the Crusades, Volume I: The first hundred years, University of Wisconsin Press, p. 630
  6. ^ Sinclair, T. A. (1987). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume I. Pindar Press. p. 328. ISBN 0907132324.
  7. ^ Tadevos Hakobyan, ՊԱՏՄԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՔԱՂԱՔՆԵՐԸ - ԱՐՃԵՇ (The cities of Historical Armenia - Archesh), Yerevan, 1987.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h Sinclair, T.A. (1987). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume I. London: Pindar Press. pp. 271, 273, 279–81. ISBN 0-907132-32-4. Retrieved 20 May 2022.
  9. ^ Refugees, United Nations High Commissioner for. "Refworld | Freedom of the Press 2010 - Turkey". Refworld. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  10. ^ Güney, D. "Van earthquakes (23 October 2011 and 9 November 2011) and performance of masonry and adobe structures" (PDF). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  11. ^ "Trustees appointed to four HDP municipalities in Turkey's southeast - Turkey News". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved 2020-03-03.
  12. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Erciş.

January 15, 2024
erciş, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, october, 2023, learn. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ercis news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ercis pronounced eɾˈdʒiʃ Kurdish Erdis 2 Armenian Ականց romanized Akants historically Արճեշ Arjesh is a municipality and district of Van Province Turkey 3 Its area is 2 133 km2 4 and its population is 171 000 2022 1 It is located at the northern end of Lake Van Ercis Արճեշ ErdisDistrict and municipalityErcis city centerMap showing Ercis District in Van ProvinceErcisLocation in TurkeyCoordinates 39 01 52 N 43 21 35 E 39 03111 N 43 35972 E 39 03111 43 35972CountryTurkeyProvinceVanArea2 133 km2 824 sq mi Population 2022 1 171 000 Density80 km2 210 sq mi Time zoneTRT UTC 3 Postal code65400Area code0432Websitewww wbr ercis wbr bel wbr tr Contents 1 History of Artchesh 2 Government 3 Population 4 Geography 5 Composition 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksHistory of Artchesh editDuring Classical Antiquity the town was known as Arsissa and Archesh Arces in Armenian and Arjish in Arabic 5 The Byzantines knew it as Arzes Ἂrzes or Ἀrzes and the 10th century emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos wrote in his De administrando imperio Chapter XLIV that it was under the rule of the Kaysite emirate of Manzikert This small district served as the capital city of a number of ruling states It was the main center of the province of Turuberan as part of the ancient Kingdom of Armenia The city changed hands on several occasions between the Arabs and the Byzantines in the early Middle Ages From the mid 1020s onwards Archesh was governed by the Byzantines In 1054 it was captured and sacked by the Seljuk Turks commanded by Tugrul 6 after an eight day siege It was fortified in the early 14th century by the Ilkhanid vizier Ali Shah Archesh became part of the Qara Qoyunlu state and later became a part of the Ottoman Empire From 18th century because of the increase of level of Lake Van the old town called Archesh slowly disappeared By the second half of the 19th century few traces of the buildings churches and dwelling houses remained After old Archesh Ercis was flooded by water the city was moved to north to a much higher place called Alada in 1841 There the new town was built called Akants Նոր Արճեշ Armenian pronunciation ɑɾtʃɛʃ New Artchesh in Armenian and Ercis Turkish pronunciation eɾdʒiʃ in Turkish 7 While the new site inherited the old city s name and identity as well as most of the population some of the old site s residents moved out into the surrounding countryside instead and settled in villages such as Celebibagi 8 In 1890 64 of the population of the district was Armenian The Armenian population was wiped out during the Armenian genocide of 1915 That same year Russian forces captured the city during the Caucasus Campaign They were replaced by makeshift Armenian forces after December 1917 These were eventually driven out by the Ottomans on April 1 1918 In July 1930 in Ercis occurred the Zilan Massacre in which the Turkish army massacred thousands of Kurds 9 The city was shaken by a major earthquake on 23 October 2011 10 Government editDistrict Governor Nuri Mehmetbeyoglu was appointed as a trustee for the Ercis municipality 11 Population editThe total population of the district at the end of 2022 was 171 000 1 Geography editThe district covers an area of 2 133 km and is surrounded by Muradiye District to the east Bitlis Province to the west Agri Province on the north and by Lake Van on the south There is a volcanic mountain and caldera called Mount Meydan in the district To the north of Ercis is a large steep highland area known as the Ala Dag literally mottled mountain which contains the tributaries of the Zilan Dere 8 This is part of a general highland belt that separates the small plains north of Lake Van from the districts of Dogubayazit and Diyadin further north 8 The Mount Suphan and Mount Nemrut further west are also part of this highland belt as is the Mount Tendurek immediately to the east 8 The Ala Dag s underlying rock is fairly soft and as a result the whole area is eroded into many sharp ridges 8 However many of these ridges are covered in grass 8 There are villages in some of the valleys in the Ala Dag and there was historically a route cutting through some of these valleys to reach Diyadin further north 8 Historical records also refer to an Ala Dag as the site of an Ilkhanid palace and a grazing area for Mongol pastoralists but this seems to be referring to a different place 8 It is one of the most developed cities in eastern Turkey and it is the place where the folk songs are still alive Many kinds of fruits and vegetables are raised Planting of poplar trees is widely seen in the city and surroundings Composition editThere are 102 neighbourhoods in Ercis District 12 Adnan Menderes Agacoren Agirkaya Akbas Akcayuva Aksakal Alkanat Apdalmezrasi Asagiakcagedik Asagicokek Asagigoze Asagiisikli Asagikozluca Bayazit Bayramli Bozyaka Bucakonu Bulamac Cakirbey Camikebir Catakdibi Cataltepe Celebibagi Cetintas Cimen Cobanduzu Cubuklu Delicay Derekent Derimevi Dinlence Doganci Doluca Duracak Duvenci Ekiciler Ergucu Evbeyli Gedikdibi Gergili Gokoglan Golagzi Goruslu Gozutok Gultepe Gumusoluk Hacikas Hasanabdal Haydarbey Hocaali Ikizcali Isbasi Kadirasker Karatavuk Kardogan Karliyayla Kasimbagi Kayaboyun Kekiksirti Keklikova Kirkdegirmen Kirkpinar Kisla Kiziloren Kocapinar Kockopru Koycuk Latifiye Magara Nisanci Orene Ortayayla Oyali Paykoy Pinarli Sabanbuken Sahil Kent Salihiye Salmanaga Sehirpazar Serefli Sogutlu Tasevler Taskapi Taslicay Tekevler Tekler Toprakli Ulupamir Uncular Vanyolu Yalindam Yankitepe Yesilova Yetisen Yilanli Yoldere Yoreli Yukariakcagedik Yukaricinarli Yukariisikli YunorenSee also edit2011 Van earthquake Zilan massacreReferences edit a b c Address based population registration system ADNKS results dated 31 December 2022 Favorite Reports XLS TUIK Retrieved 19 September 2023 Adem Avcikiran 2009 Kurtce Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmanci PDF in Turkish and Kurdish p 57 Retrieved 17 December 2019 Buyuksehir Ilce Belediyesi Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory Retrieved 19 September 2023 Il ve Ilce Yuz olcumleri General Directorate of Mapping Retrieved 19 September 2023 Baldwin M W ed 1969 A History of the Crusades Volume I The first hundred years University of Wisconsin Press p 630 Sinclair T A 1987 Eastern Turkey An Architectural amp Archaeological Survey Volume I Pindar Press p 328 ISBN 0907132324 Tadevos Hakobyan ՊԱՏՄԱԿԱՆ ՀԱՅԱՍՏԱՆԻ ՔԱՂԱՔՆԵՐԸ ԱՐՃԵՇ The cities of Historical Armenia Archesh Yerevan 1987 a b c d e f g h Sinclair T A 1987 Eastern Turkey An Architectural amp Archaeological Survey Volume I London Pindar Press pp 271 273 279 81 ISBN 0 907132 32 4 Retrieved 20 May 2022 Refugees United Nations High Commissioner for Refworld Freedom of the Press 2010 Turkey Refworld Retrieved 2020 03 03 Guney D Van earthquakes 23 October 2011 and 9 November 2011 and performance of masonry and adobe structures PDF Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Retrieved 1 March 2020 Trustees appointed to four HDP municipalities in Turkey s southeast Turkey News Hurriyet Daily News Retrieved 2020 03 03 Mahalle Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory Retrieved 19 September 2023 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ercis Ercis municipality Ercis district Arjish or Akhlat A small town of Turkish Armenia New International Encyclopedia 1905 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ercis amp oldid 1193227100, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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