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Epinephelus undulosus

February 15, 2024

Epinephelus undulosus, the wavy-lined grouper, brown-lined reefcod, mid-water rockcod, mid-water grouper, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae, which also includes the anthias and sea basses. It has a wide Indo-Pacific distribution. They are produced through aquaculture and commercially fished.

Wavy-lined grouper
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Tribe: Epinephelini
Genus: Epinephelus
Species:
E. undulosus
Binomial name
Epinephelus undulosus
(Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Synonyms[2]
  • Bodianus undulosus Quoy and Gaimard, 1824
  • Cephalopholis undulosus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824)
  • Serranus amboinensis Bleeker, 1852
  • Serranus lineatus Valenciennes, 1828

Description edit

Epinephelus undulosus has a standard length which is 2.7 to 3.1 times its depth. It has a convex region between the eyes. The preopecle is angular with an incision just above its angle and there are enlarged serrations at the angle while the gill cover has a straight or slightly concave upper margin.[3] There are 11 spines and 17-19 soft rays in the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 8 rays in the anal fin.[2] The membranes between the dorsal fin spines are not notched. The caudal fin is truncate or emarginate. The ovell colour of the head, body, and fins purplish grey to brownish grey, marked with brown to golden-brown spots on the head and wavy horizontal brown or golden brown lines on the upper body, although these may be indistinct on larger fish. The margin of the spiny part of the dorsal fin has a thin line of blackish colouration.[3] This species attains a total length of 120 centimetres (47 in), although they are more commonly around 45 centimetres (18 in), and a maximum weight of 6.4 kilograms (14 lb).[2]

Distribution edit

Epinephelus undulosus is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the coasts of Somalia and Kenya, the Gulf of Aden and Socotra east to southern India and Sri Lanka and on to the Pacific Ocean where it extends to the Solomon Islands in the east and Taiwan ion the north.[1] This species has not been recorded from the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf or Australia.[3]

Habitat and ecology edit

Epinephelus undulosus is found on open muddy seabeds, where it hides in holes in the mud or within solid structures, shipwrecks or debris. It is also found in banks. The adults live at depths from around 25 to 90 metres (82 to 295 ft) while juveniles may be found in water as shallow as 5 metres (16 ft) on coral reefs.[1] It is a generalist predator preying on a variety of benthic fishes and crustaceans it will also take macrozooplankton, such as pelagic tunicates of the genera Thalia and Pyrosoma, if available.[3]

Taxonomy edit

Epinephelus undulosus was first formally described as Bodianus undulosus in 1824 by the French naval surgeons and naturalists Jean René Constant Quoy (1790-1869) and Joseph Paul Gaimard (1793-1858) with the type locality given as Waigeo in West Papua.[4]

Utilisation edit

Epinephelus undulosus is fished for by fisheries off Kenya, Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu.[3]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c Russell, B. (2018). "Epinephelus undulosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T132739A100562653. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T132739A100562653.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2019). "Epiphenelus undulosus" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
  3. ^ a b c d e Heemstra, P.C. & J.E. Randall (1993). FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date (PDF). FAO Fish. Synopsis. Vol. 125. FAO, Rome. pp. 250–251. ISBN 92-5-103125-8.
  4. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Bodianus undulosus". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 18 July 2020.

External links edit

  • Itis.org
  • WoRMS
  • Animaldiversity Web
  • Photos of Epinephelus undulosus on Sealife Collection

February 15, 2024
epinephelus, undulosus, wavy, lined, grouper, brown, lined, reefcod, water, rockcod, water, grouper, species, marine, finned, fish, grouper, from, subfamily, epinephelinae, which, part, family, serranidae, which, also, includes, anthias, basses, wide, indo, pa. Epinephelus undulosus the wavy lined grouper brown lined reefcod mid water rockcod mid water grouper is a species of marine ray finned fish a grouper from the subfamily Epinephelinae which is part of the family Serranidae which also includes the anthias and sea basses It has a wide Indo Pacific distribution They are produced through aquaculture and commercially fished Wavy lined grouperConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder PerciformesFamily SerranidaeSubfamily EpinephelinaeTribe EpinepheliniGenus EpinephelusSpecies E undulosusBinomial nameEpinephelus undulosus Quoy amp Gaimard 1824 Synonyms 2 Bodianus undulosus Quoy and Gaimard 1824 Cephalopholis undulosus Quoy and Gaimard 1824 Serranus amboinensis Bleeker 1852 Serranus lineatus Valenciennes 1828 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Habitat and ecology 4 Taxonomy 5 Utilisation 6 References 7 External linksDescription editEpinephelus undulosus has a standard length which is 2 7 to 3 1 times its depth It has a convex region between the eyes The preopecle is angular with an incision just above its angle and there are enlarged serrations at the angle while the gill cover has a straight or slightly concave upper margin 3 There are 11 spines and 17 19 soft rays in the dorsal fin and 3 spines and 8 rays in the anal fin 2 The membranes between the dorsal fin spines are not notched The caudal fin is truncate or emarginate The ovell colour of the head body and fins purplish grey to brownish grey marked with brown to golden brown spots on the head and wavy horizontal brown or golden brown lines on the upper body although these may be indistinct on larger fish The margin of the spiny part of the dorsal fin has a thin line of blackish colouration 3 This species attains a total length of 120 centimetres 47 in although they are more commonly around 45 centimetres 18 in and a maximum weight of 6 4 kilograms 14 lb 2 Distribution editEpinephelus undulosus is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the coasts of Somalia and Kenya the Gulf of Aden and Socotra east to southern India and Sri Lanka and on to the Pacific Ocean where it extends to the Solomon Islands in the east and Taiwan ion the north 1 This species has not been recorded from the Red Sea the Persian Gulf or Australia 3 Habitat and ecology editEpinephelus undulosus is found on open muddy seabeds where it hides in holes in the mud or within solid structures shipwrecks or debris It is also found in banks The adults live at depths from around 25 to 90 metres 82 to 295 ft while juveniles may be found in water as shallow as 5 metres 16 ft on coral reefs 1 It is a generalist predator preying on a variety of benthic fishes and crustaceans it will also take macrozooplankton such as pelagic tunicates of the genera Thalia and Pyrosoma if available 3 Taxonomy editEpinephelus undulosus was first formally described as Bodianus undulosus in 1824 by the French naval surgeons and naturalists Jean Rene Constant Quoy 1790 1869 and Joseph Paul Gaimard 1793 1858 with the type locality given as Waigeo in West Papua 4 Utilisation editEpinephelus undulosus is fished for by fisheries off Kenya Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu 3 References edit a b c Russell B 2018 Epinephelus undulosus IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T132739A100562653 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 2 RLTS T132739A100562653 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b c Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2019 Epiphenelus undulosus in FishBase December 2019 version a b c d e Heemstra P C amp J E Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue Vol 16 Groupers of the world family Serranidae subfamily Epinephelinae An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper rockcod hind coral grouper and lyretail species known to date PDF FAO Fish Synopsis Vol 125 FAO Rome pp 250 251 ISBN 92 5 103125 8 Eschmeyer William N Fricke Ron amp van der Laan Richard eds Bodianus undulosus Catalog of Fishes California Academy of Sciences Retrieved 18 July 2020 External links editItis org WoRMS Animaldiversity Web Photos of Epinephelus undulosus on Sealife Collection Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Epinephelus undulosus amp oldid 1056023234, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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