Tubin was born in Torila, Tartu County, Governorate of Livonia, then part of the Russian Empire. Both his parents were music lovers, and his father played trombone in the village band. His first taste of music came at school where he learned the flute. Later, his father swapped a cow for a piano, and the young Eduard soon became known in the village for his playing. Eduard also played flute in the village orchestra.
Tubin entered the Tartu Teacher's College in the newly independent Estonia in 1920. It was here he began to take an interest in composition. In 1924 he was admitted to the Tartu Higher Music School starting his studies under the guidance of the famous Estonian composer Heino Eller. He married a fellow student, Linda Pirn, in 1930 and their son Rein was born in 1932. Tubin took up work conducting in the Vanemuine theatre. During this time he also conducted one of the best-known male choirs and made several trips abroad. In 1938 he met Zoltán Kodály in Hungary, who encouraged his interest in folk songs. In 1941 he married the ballet dancer Elfriede Saarik. Their son Eino was born in 1942.
Following the Soviet re-occupation of Estonia in 1944, Tubin fled to Stockholm with his wife Erika and sons Rein and Eino. He remained in Sweden and became a Swedish citizen in 1961, although he did visit Estonia on occasions. He was offered work at the historical Drottningholm Palace Theatre restoring old operas. This left him time to devote himself to his own composition. Here he wrote most of his greatest works, including two operas, symphonies 5–10, a second concerto for violin, one concerto for double-bass and one for balalaika, a piano concertino, much piano and violin music, choir and solo songs etc. Towards the end of his life, Tubin slowly began to gain recognition, particularly after the conductor Neeme Järvi, also an Estonian, escaped to the United States in 1980. In the last year of his life his Tenth Symphony was performed on 5 concerts by the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Tubin received several Swedish music awards and was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. After a long illness he died on 17 November 1982 in Stockholm.
StyleEdit
Tubin often used Estonian folk music in his works, for instance in the Sinfonietta on Estonian motifs. His ballet Kratt is entirely based on folk tunes. In 1938 Tubin had visited the Estonian island of Hiiumaa to collect folk songs. Tubin was also a very good orchestrator, and this can be heard particularly in the Third and Fourth symphonies.
A change took place in Tubin's style at the end of the 1940s; the music became harmonically more astringent. The finale of the seventh symphony makes much use of a theme with all twelve notes, though it is tonal. The shift to a less nationalistic and more international style came after Tubin had fled Estonia to Sweden.
Tubin is perhaps not better known because of his displacement. Although Estonia claims him as one of their greatest composers, most of his composing was done in Sweden, which never gave him the attention he was due. Tubin is gaining recognition, however, particularly for his later symphonies and the Second Piano Sonata, which are recognised as masterpieces. Most of his works have been recorded (there are two complete recorded sets of his symphonies, conducted by Neeme Järvi and Arvo Volmer). In June 2005 the city of Tallinn observed the centennial of his birth with a festival where all of his symphonies and much of his piano and chamber music was performed. A statue of Tubin was erected in Tartu.
A Tubin Museum was opened at the Alatskivi Castle near to his birthplace in 2011. This has an exhibition about the composer and other members of the "Tartu school" of musicians who studied under Heino Eller including Alfred Karindi, Eduard Oja, Olav Roots and Karl Leichter.[1] The International Eduard Tubin Society was founded in Estonia in 2000. Its most important task is to produce an academically correct edition of his collected works, a work which is well in progress.
Selected worksEdit
Orchestra
Symphony No. 1 in C minor (1931–1934)
Symphony No. 2 in B minor "Legendary" (1937)
Symphony No. 3 in D minor "Heroic" (1940–1942, revised 1968)
Symphony No. 4 in A "Lyrical" (1943, revised 1978)
Symphony No. 5 in B minor (1946)
Symphony No. 6 (1953–1954, revised 1956) (first version premiered September 1955 by Tor Mann[2])
Symphony No. 7 (1955–1958)
Symphony No. 8 (1965–1966)
Symphony No. 9 "Sinfonia semplice" (1969)
Symphony No. 10 (1973)
Symphony No. 11 (incomplete)
Suite on Estonian Themes (1929–30)
Toccata (1937)
Prelude Solennel (1940)
Sinfonietta on Estonian Motifs (1940)
Music for Strings (1962–1963)
Concertante
Violin Concerto No. 1 in D major (1941–1942)
Concertino for Piano and Orchestra (1944–1945)
Violin Concerto No. 2 in G minor (1945)
Double Bass Concerto (1948)
Cello Concerto (unfinished - piano score, 1954–1955)
Balalaika Concerto (1963–1964)
Opera, ballet and choral works
Kratt, ballet in 4 acts (1938–1940, 2nd version 1940–1941, 3rd version 1959–1960); libretto Erika Saarik
Inauguration Cantata for baritone, reciter, chorus and orchestra (1958)
^. Alatskivi Loss. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
^Lindahl, Erika Libeck (2009). "P2 broadcast of Tor Mann/Radioorkestern, Stockholm Premiere of Symphony 6, September 30 1955". P2 Sweden Klassisk förmiddag. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
^ ab"Tubin Society Worklist". Retrieved 12 March 2009.
External linksEdit
The Eduard Tubin Society
Eduard Tubin in MusicBrainz database
October 18, 2023
eduard, tubin, june, june, 1905, november, 1982, estonian, composer, conductor, choreographer, 1958born, 1905, june, 1905torila, tartu, county, governorate, livonia, died17, november, 1982, 1982, aged, stockholm, swedenoccupation, composer, conductoryears, act. Eduard Tubin 18 June O S 5 June 1905 17 November 1982 was an Estonian composer conductor and choreographer Eduard Tubin1958Born 1905 06 18 18 June 1905Torila Tartu County Governorate of Livonia Died17 November 1982 1982 11 17 aged 77 Stockholm SwedenOccupation s Composer conductorYears active1932 1982SpousesLinda Pirn Elfriede Saarik Contents 1 Life 2 Style 3 Selected works 4 References 5 External linksLife EditTubin was born in Torila Tartu County Governorate of Livonia then part of the Russian Empire Both his parents were music lovers and his father played trombone in the village band His first taste of music came at school where he learned the flute Later his father swapped a cow for a piano and the young Eduard soon became known in the village for his playing Eduard also played flute in the village orchestra Tubin entered the Tartu Teacher s College in the newly independent Estonia in 1920 It was here he began to take an interest in composition In 1924 he was admitted to the Tartu Higher Music School starting his studies under the guidance of the famous Estonian composer Heino Eller He married a fellow student Linda Pirn in 1930 and their son Rein was born in 1932 Tubin took up work conducting in the Vanemuine theatre During this time he also conducted one of the best known male choirs and made several trips abroad In 1938 he met Zoltan Kodaly in Hungary who encouraged his interest in folk songs In 1941 he married the ballet dancer Elfriede Saarik Their son Eino was born in 1942 nbsp Eduard Tubin far left with other Estonian composers of the Tartu school of composition left to right Olav Roots Heino Eller Karl Leichter and Alfred Karindi circa 1930 Following the Soviet re occupation of Estonia in 1944 Tubin fled to Stockholm with his wife Erika and sons Rein and Eino He remained in Sweden and became a Swedish citizen in 1961 although he did visit Estonia on occasions He was offered work at the historical Drottningholm Palace Theatre restoring old operas This left him time to devote himself to his own composition Here he wrote most of his greatest works including two operas symphonies 5 10 a second concerto for violin one concerto for double bass and one for balalaika a piano concertino much piano and violin music choir and solo songs etc Towards the end of his life Tubin slowly began to gain recognition particularly after the conductor Neeme Jarvi also an Estonian escaped to the United States in 1980 In the last year of his life his Tenth Symphony was performed on 5 concerts by the Boston Symphony Orchestra Tubin received several Swedish music awards and was elected member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music After a long illness he died on 17 November 1982 in Stockholm Style EditTubin often used Estonian folk music in his works for instance in the Sinfonietta on Estonian motifs His ballet Kratt is entirely based on folk tunes In 1938 Tubin had visited the Estonian island of Hiiumaa to collect folk songs Tubin was also a very good orchestrator and this can be heard particularly in the Third and Fourth symphonies A change took place in Tubin s style at the end of the 1940s the music became harmonically more astringent The finale of the seventh symphony makes much use of a theme with all twelve notes though it is tonal The shift to a less nationalistic and more international style came after Tubin had fled Estonia to Sweden nbsp Conductor Olav Roots Eduard Tubin and double bassist Ludvig Juht in Stockholm Concert Hall in 1947 Tubin is perhaps not better known because of his displacement Although Estonia claims him as one of their greatest composers most of his composing was done in Sweden which never gave him the attention he was due Tubin is gaining recognition however particularly for his later symphonies and the Second Piano Sonata which are recognised as masterpieces Most of his works have been recorded there are two complete recorded sets of his symphonies conducted by Neeme Jarvi and Arvo Volmer In June 2005 the city of Tallinn observed the centennial of his birth with a festival where all of his symphonies and much of his piano and chamber music was performed A statue of Tubin was erected in Tartu A Tubin Museum was opened at the Alatskivi Castle near to his birthplace in 2011 This has an exhibition about the composer and other members of the Tartu school of musicians who studied under Heino Eller including Alfred Karindi Eduard Oja Olav Roots and Karl Leichter 1 The International Eduard Tubin Society was founded in Estonia in 2000 Its most important task is to produce an academically correct edition of his collected works a work which is well in progress Selected works EditOrchestraSymphony No 1 in C minor 1931 1934 Symphony No 2 in B minor Legendary 1937 Symphony No 3 in D minor Heroic 1940 1942 revised 1968 Symphony No 4 in A Lyrical 1943 revised 1978 Symphony No 5 in B minor 1946 Symphony No 6 1953 1954 revised 1956 first version premiered September 1955 by Tor Mann 2 Symphony No 7 1955 1958 Symphony No 8 1965 1966 Symphony No 9 Sinfonia semplice 1969 Symphony No 10 1973 Symphony No 11 incomplete Suite on Estonian Themes 1929 30 Toccata 1937 Prelude Solennel 1940 Sinfonietta on Estonian Motifs 1940 Music for Strings 1962 1963 ConcertanteViolin Concerto No 1 in D major 1941 1942 Concertino for Piano and Orchestra 1944 1945 Violin Concerto No 2 in G minor 1945 Double Bass Concerto 1948 Cello Concerto unfinished piano score 1954 1955 Balalaika Concerto 1963 1964 Opera ballet and choral worksKratt ballet in 4 acts 1938 1940 2nd version 1940 1941 3rd version 1959 1960 libretto Erika Saarik Inauguration Cantata for baritone reciter chorus and orchestra 1958 Barbara von Tisenhusen opera in 3 acts 1967 1968 libretto Jaan Kross after a short story by Aino Kallas The Parson of Reigi Reigi opetaja opera 1970 1971 libretto Aino Kallas completed by Jaan Kross Requiem for Fallen Soldiers 1950 rev 1979 text by Henrik Visnapuu and Marie UnderChamber musicPiano Sonata No 1 1928 Piano Sonata No 2 Northern Lights 1950 Violin Sonata No 1 1934 1936 revised 1968 1969 Capriccio No 1 for Violin and Piano 1937 revised 1971 Pastorale for Viola and Organ 1956 Viola Sonata 1964 1965 Alto Saxophone Sonata 1951 Piano Quartet in C minor ETW 59 1929 30 3 String Quartet ETW 64 1979 3 References Edit Eduard Tubin a honorary guest of Alatskivi castle Alatskivi Loss Archived from the original on 29 October 2013 Retrieved 11 November 2013 Lindahl Erika Libeck 2009 P2 broadcast of Tor Mann Radioorkestern Stockholm Premiere of Symphony 6 September 30 1955 P2 Sweden Klassisk formiddag Retrieved 12 March 2009 a b Tubin Society Worklist Retrieved 12 March 2009 External links EditThe Eduard Tubin Society Eduard Tubin in MusicBrainz database Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eduard Tubin amp oldid 1159694025, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
