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Earl of East Anglia

January 01, 1970

The Earls of East Anglia were governors of East Anglia during the 11th century. The post was established by Cnut in 1017 and disappeared following Ralph Guader's participation in the failed Revolt of the Earls in 1075.

Ealdormen of East Anglia edit

Until 917 East Anglia was a kingdom, which from 870 was under Danish control. In that year the East Anglian Danes submitted to King Edward the Elder and East Anglia became part of the expanding Kingdom of England. It is not clear who was placed in charge there, but it is probable that the Ealdorman Æthelfrith of south east Mercia may have been granted authority over the newly restored area by Edward.[1] He died in c.927[2] and was succeeded by his son, Æthelstan Half-King, a very powerful aristocrat who ruled an extensive territory and witnessed numerous charters from 932, and whose family remained powerful in the area.[3]

Danish, English and Norman Earls edit

Following Cnut's conquest of England in 1016, in the following year he divided the kingdom into a few large administrative regions governed by earls, which followed the territorial outlines of the former kingdoms of Wessex, Mercia, Northumbria and East Anglia, roughly as they had existed in the mid-9th century. However, the exact outlines of these earldoms varied over the decades, while other, more transitory earldoms were created for particular individuals. The core of the earldom of East Anglia comprised Norfolk and Suffolk, while other shires such as Essex, Middlesex and Cambridgeshire were also included within it at various times. The first Earl of East Anglia was Thorkell the Tall, appointed in 1017. Thorkell and his family were outlawed by Canute in 1021, only to be pardoned again in 1023. His immediate successors are unknown.

The native English dynasty was restored with the accession of King Edward the Confessor in 1042. During his reign East Anglia, smaller than the other three original earldoms and not containing the power-base of any of the tiny handful of families which then dominated English politics, became a posting held by younger members of two of these great families. By 1045 the earldom was in the hands of Harold, the second son of Godwin, Earl of Wessex. In 1051 Godwin and his sons were driven into exile and their earldoms assigned to others; East Anglia went to Ælfgar, son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia. However, in 1052 Godwin and his sons returned in force to England and regained their former positions. When Godwin died in 1053 Harold was appointed Earl of Wessex in his place, and he was again replaced in East Anglia by Ælfgar. In 1055 Ælfgar was outlawed and driven into exile, but within the year he had regained his former position. He too went on to greater things in 1057, when his father Leofric died and Ælfgar was appointed Earl of Mercia in his stead. The earldom of East Anglia was then assigned to Gyrth, one of Harold's younger brothers, who held it until his death at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

Following the Norman Conquest of England, William the Conqueror appointed Ralph the Staller, an aristocrat of Breton ancestry born in Norfolk, to the earldom. On his death he was replaced by his son Ralph Guader, who was one of the leaders of a rebellion against William, known as the Revolt of the Earls, in 1075. With the failure of this uprising Ralph fled to his lands in Brittany and no successor was appointed (though many of Ralph's possessions passed to the great Breton magnate Alan Rufus). Later earldoms created in the region were on a smaller scale. This was in keeping with developments elsewhere in the country. Whereas in the mid-eleventh century England had been administered through a handful of large earldoms covering the entire country, under the Norman kings earldoms were soon reduced to units covering only a single shire, found only in some parts of the kingdom, and before long they had become essentially honorific titles rather than positions of real governmental power.

List of ealdormen and earls edit

English ealdormen of East Anglia
From Until Incumbent Citation(s) Notes
930 931 Ælfred [4]
932 956 Æthelstan Half-King [4]
957 962 Æthelwald [4]
962 992 Æthelwine [4]
993 1002 Leofsige [4]
Danish earls of East Anglia
From Until Incumbent Citation(s) Notes
1017 1021 Thorkell the Tall [4]
? c. 1026 1044 or 1045 Osgod Clapa * [4] * Uncertain[4]
English earls of East Anglia
From Until Incumbent Citation(s) Notes
1044 or 1045 1051 Harold Godwinson [4]
1051 1052 Ælfgar [4]
1052 1053 Harold Godwinson [4]
1053 1057 Ælfgar [4]
1057 Gyrth Godwinson [4]
Norman earls of East Anglia
From Until Incumbent Citation(s) Notes
1067 1069 Radulf the Staller [4]
c. 1069 1075 Radulf de Gael [4]

Family tree edit

References edit

  1. ^ Walker, Ian W. Mercia and the making of England Sutton 2000 ISBN 0-7509-2131-5 p130
  2. ^ Aemyers Genealogy: Earl Athelfrith Retrieved on 2008-01-13.
  3. ^ "Æthelstan 26". Prosopography of Anglo-Saxon England. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Cyril Hart, The Danelaw, London (1992), p. 195, table 5.2

January 01, 1970
earl, east, anglia, earls, east, anglia, were, governors, east, anglia, during, 11th, century, post, established, cnut, 1017, disappeared, following, ralph, guader, participation, failed, revolt, earls, 1075, contents, ealdormen, east, anglia, danish, english,. The Earls of East Anglia were governors of East Anglia during the 11th century The post was established by Cnut in 1017 and disappeared following Ralph Guader s participation in the failed Revolt of the Earls in 1075 Contents 1 Ealdormen of East Anglia 2 Danish English and Norman Earls 3 List of ealdormen and earls 4 Family tree 5 ReferencesEaldormen of East Anglia editUntil 917 East Anglia was a kingdom which from 870 was under Danish control In that year the East Anglian Danes submitted to King Edward the Elder and East Anglia became part of the expanding Kingdom of England It is not clear who was placed in charge there but it is probable that the Ealdorman AEthelfrith of south east Mercia may have been granted authority over the newly restored area by Edward 1 He died in c 927 2 and was succeeded by his son AEthelstan Half King a very powerful aristocrat who ruled an extensive territory and witnessed numerous charters from 932 and whose family remained powerful in the area 3 Danish English and Norman Earls editFollowing Cnut s conquest of England in 1016 in the following year he divided the kingdom into a few large administrative regions governed by earls which followed the territorial outlines of the former kingdoms of Wessex Mercia Northumbria and East Anglia roughly as they had existed in the mid 9th century However the exact outlines of these earldoms varied over the decades while other more transitory earldoms were created for particular individuals The core of the earldom of East Anglia comprised Norfolk and Suffolk while other shires such as Essex Middlesex and Cambridgeshire were also included within it at various times The first Earl of East Anglia was Thorkell the Tall appointed in 1017 Thorkell and his family were outlawed by Canute in 1021 only to be pardoned again in 1023 His immediate successors are unknown The native English dynasty was restored with the accession of King Edward the Confessor in 1042 During his reign East Anglia smaller than the other three original earldoms and not containing the power base of any of the tiny handful of families which then dominated English politics became a posting held by younger members of two of these great families By 1045 the earldom was in the hands of Harold the second son of Godwin Earl of Wessex In 1051 Godwin and his sons were driven into exile and their earldoms assigned to others East Anglia went to AElfgar son of Leofric Earl of Mercia However in 1052 Godwin and his sons returned in force to England and regained their former positions When Godwin died in 1053 Harold was appointed Earl of Wessex in his place and he was again replaced in East Anglia by AElfgar In 1055 AElfgar was outlawed and driven into exile but within the year he had regained his former position He too went on to greater things in 1057 when his father Leofric died and AElfgar was appointed Earl of Mercia in his stead The earldom of East Anglia was then assigned to Gyrth one of Harold s younger brothers who held it until his death at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 Following the Norman Conquest of England William the Conqueror appointed Ralph the Staller an aristocrat of Breton ancestry born in Norfolk to the earldom On his death he was replaced by his son Ralph Guader who was one of the leaders of a rebellion against William known as the Revolt of the Earls in 1075 With the failure of this uprising Ralph fled to his lands in Brittany and no successor was appointed though many of Ralph s possessions passed to the great Breton magnate Alan Rufus Later earldoms created in the region were on a smaller scale This was in keeping with developments elsewhere in the country Whereas in the mid eleventh century England had been administered through a handful of large earldoms covering the entire country under the Norman kings earldoms were soon reduced to units covering only a single shire found only in some parts of the kingdom and before long they had become essentially honorific titles rather than positions of real governmental power List of ealdormen and earls editEnglish ealdormen of East Anglia From Until Incumbent Citation s Notes 930 931 AElfred 4 932 956 AEthelstan Half King 4 957 962 AEthelwald 4 962 992 AEthelwine 4 993 1002 Leofsige 4 Danish earls of East Anglia From Until Incumbent Citation s Notes 1017 1021 Thorkell the Tall 4 c 1026 1044 or 1045 Osgod Clapa 4 Uncertain 4 English earls of East Anglia From Until Incumbent Citation s Notes 1044 or 1045 1051 Harold Godwinson 4 1051 1052 AElfgar 4 1052 1053 Harold Godwinson 4 1053 1057 AElfgar 4 1057 Gyrth Godwinson 4 Norman earls of East Anglia From Until Incumbent Citation s Notes 1067 1069 Radulf the Staller 4 c 1069 1075 Radulf de Gael 4 Family tree editvte Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk Earls of Arundel East Anglia Norfolk Norwich Nottingham and Surrey and Barons Mowbray Segrave and Stourton Earl of East Anglia Earls of Norfolk and Suffolk 1st creation before 1069 Ralph the Staller c 1011 1068 1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk or of the East Angles c 1066 67 1068 Ralph de Gael c 1040 c 1096 2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk or of the East Angles until 1074 Earldom forfeit 1074Earl of Norfolk 2nd creation 1141 Hugh Bigod 1095 1177 1st Earl of Norfolk 1141 1177 Roger Bigod c 1144 1150 1221 2nd Earl of Norfolk 1189 1221 disputed 1177 1189 Hugh Bigod 1186 1225 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1221 1225 Baron Segrave of Se a grave 1283 Nicholas Segrave c 1238 bef 1295 1st Baron SegraveRoger Bigod c 1209 1270 4th Earl of Norfolk 1233 1270Hugh Bigod c 1211 1266 Baron Mowbray 1283 John Segrave c 1256 1325 2nd Baron SegraveKing Edward I 1239 1307 Roger de Mowbray 1254 1297 1st Baron MowbrayRoger Bigod c 1245 1306 5th Earl of Norfolk 1270 1306 Earldom extinct 1270 Earl of Norfolk 3rd creation 1312 Stephen Segrave d 1325 3rd Baron SegraveThomas of Brotherton 1300 1338 1st Earl of Norfolk 1312 1338John Mowbray 1286 1322 2nd Baron Mowbray John Segrave 1315 1353 4th Baron SegraveMargaret of Brotherton 1320 1399 2nd Countess of Norfolk 1338 1399 Duchess of Norfolk for life 1397 1399John Mowbray 1310 1361 3rd Baron Mowbray Elizabeth de Segrave 1338 1368 5th Baroness SegraveJohn de Mowbray 1340 1368 4th Baron Mowbray Earl of Nottingham 1st creation 1377Earl of Nottingham 2nd creation 1383Duke of Norfolk 1st creation 1397 John de Mowbray 1365 1383 1st Earl of Nottingham 6th Baron Segrave 5th Baron MowbrayThomas de Mowbray 1366 1399 1st Duke of Norfolk 1397 1399 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1399 7th Baron Segrave 6th Baron Mowbray Earldom of Nottingham extinct 1383Titles forfeit 1399 Baron Stourton 1448Duke of Norfolk 1st creation restored 1425 John Stourton 1400 1462 1st Baron Stourton 1448 1462Thomas de Mowbray 1385 1405 4th Earl of Norfolk 8th Baron Segrave 7th Baron Mowbray 1399 1405John de Mowbray 1392 1432 2nd Duke of Norfolk 1425 1432 5th Earl of Norfolk 9th Baron Segrave 8th Baron Mowbray 1405 1432Margaret de Mowbray c 1388 1459 Robert Howard 1385 1436 Isabel de Mowbray c 1400 1452 James Berkeley 1st Baron Berkeley c 1394 1463 Duke of Norfolk 4th creation 1483 William Stourton before 1426 1478 2nd Baron Stourton 1462 1478John de Mowbray 1415 1461 3rd Duke of Norfolk 6th Earl of Norfolk 10th Baron Segrave 9th Baron Mowbray 1432 1461John Howard 1425 1485 1st Duke of Norfolk 13th Baron Segrave 12th Baron Mowbray 1483 1485 Titles forfeit 1485 Earl of Surrey and Warenne 2nd creation 1451Duke of Norfolk 4th creation restored and Earl of Surrey 1514 John Stourton c 1454 1485 3rd Baron Stourton 1479 1485William Stourton c 1457 1524 5th Baron Stourton 1487 1524John de Mowbray 1444 1476 4th Duke of Norfolk 7th Earl of Norfolk Earl of Surrey and Warenne 11th Baron Segrave 10th Baron Mowbray 1461 1476King Edward IV 1442 1483 Thomas Howard 1443 1524 2nd Duke of Norfolk 1st Earl of Surrey 1514 1524 Dukedom of Norfolk Earldom of Nottingham Earldom of Surrey and Warenne extinct 1476 Duke of Norfolk 3rd creation Earl of Nottingham 3rd creation and Earl of Warenne 1477 Francis Stourton 1485 1487 4th Baron Stourton 1485 1487Edward Stourton 1463 1535 6th Baron Stourton 1524 1535Anne de Mowbray 1472 1481 8th Countess of Norfolk 12th Baroness Segrave 11th Baroness Mowbray 1476 1481Richard of Shrewsbury 1473 1483 Duke of York Duke of Norfolk Earl of Nottingham Earl of Warenne 1477 1483Anne of York 1475 1511 Thomas Howard 1473 1554 3rd Duke of Norfolk 2nd Earl of Surrey 1524 1554Edmund Howard c 1478 1539 Elizabeth Boleyn c 1480 1538 Earldom of Norfolk extinct and Baronies Segrave and Mowbray in abeyance 1481Dukedom of Norfolk Earldom of Nottingham Earldom of Warenne extinct 1483Attainted 1547Restored 1553 William Stourton c 1505 1548 7th Baron StourtonEarl of Nottingham 5th creation 1525King Henry VIII 1491 1547 Anne Boleyn c 1501 or 1507 1536 Charles Stourton c 1520 1557 8th Baron StourtonHenry Howard 1517 1547 styled Earl of SurreyThomas Howard c 1520 1582 Viscount Howard of BindonMary FitzRoy 1519 1557 Henry FitzRoy 1519 1536 Duke of Richmond and Somerset Earl of NottinghamCatherine Howard c 1524 1542 Earldom of Nottingham extinct 1536 Thomas Howard 1536 1572 4th Duke of Norfolk 3rd Earl of Surrey 13th Baron Mowbray 1554 1572Henry Howard 1540 1614 Earl of NorthamptonQueen Elizabeth I 1533 1603 Dukedom 3rd creation forfeit 1572 Earl of Arundel 3rd creation 1580Earl of Suffolk 4th creation 1603 John Stourton 1553 1588 9th Baron StourtonEdward Stourton c 1555 1633 10th Baron StourtonPhilip Howard 1557 1595 20th 13th 1st Earl of Arundel styled Earl of SurreyThomas Howard 1561 1626 Earl of SuffolkLord William Howard 1563 1640 Earldom of Arundel and Barony of Mowbray attainted 1589see Earls Marquesses and Dukes of Suffolk family tree Earl of Arundel 3rd creation and Barony of Mowbray restored 1604Earl of Norfolk 5th creation 1644 William Stourton c 1594 1672 11th Baron StourtonThomas Howard 1585 1646 21st 14th 2nd Earl of Arundel 2nd 4th Earl of Surrey 1st Earl of Norfolk 14th Baron Mowbray 1644 1646 see Earls of Shrewsbury family tree Edward Stourton 1617 1644 Henry Frederick Howard 1608 1652 22nd 15th 3rd Earl of Arundel 3rd 5th Earl of Surrey 2nd Earl of Norfolk 15th Baron Mowbray 1646 1652Alethea Howard1585 165417th Baroness Strange of Blackmere 14th Baroness Talbot 13th Baroness Furnivall Duke of Norfolk 4th creation restored 1660Baron Howard of Castle Rising 1669Earl of Norwich 3rd creation 1672 William Stourton d 1685 12th Baron StourtonThomas Howard 1627 1677 5th Duke of Norfolk 21st 14th 2nd Earl of Arundel 4th 6th Earl of Surrey 16th Baron Mowbray 1660 167718th Baron Strange of Blackmere 15th Baron Talbot 14th Baron Furnivall 1654 1677Henry Howard 1628 1684 6th Duke of Norfolk 22nd 15th 3rd Earl of Arundel 5th 7th Earl of Surrey 1st Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere 17th Baron Mowbray 15th Baron Talbot 14th Baron Furnivall 1672 1684Hon Charles Howard 1630 1713 Col Bernard Howard 1641 1717 Edward Stourton 1665 1720 13th Baron StourtonThomas Stourton 1667 1744 14th Baron StourtonCharles Stourton 1669 1739 Henry Howard 1655 1701 7th Duke of Norfolk 22nd 15th 3rd Earl of Arundel 5th 7th Earl of Surrey 2nd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising 18th Baron Mowbray 19th Baron Strange of Blackmere 15th Baron Talbot 14th Baron Furnivall 1684 1701Lord Thomas Howard 1662 1689 Henry Charles Howard d 1720 Thomas Howard 1683 1732 8th Duke of Norfolk 23rd 16th 4th Earl of Arundel 6th 8th Earl of Surrey 3rd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere 15th Baron Talbot 14th Baron Furnivall 19th Baron Mowbray 1701 1732Edward Howard 1685 1777 9th Duke of Norfolk 24th 17th 5th Earl of Arundel 7th 9th Earl of Surrey 4th Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising 20th Baron Mowbray 20th Baron Strange of Blackmere 15th Baron Talbot 14th Baron Furnivall 1732 1777Philip Howard 1688 1750 Bernard Howard 1674 1735 Earldom of Norwich 3rd creation and Barony of Howard of Castle Rising extinct and Baronies of Furnivall Mowbray Segrave Strange of Blackmere and Talbot abeyant 1777 Charles Stourton 1702 1753 15th Baron StourtonWilliam Stourton 1704 1781 16th Baron StourtonWinifred Howard 1726 1753 Anne Howard 1742 1787 Charles Howard 1720 1786 10th Duke of Norfolk 25th 18th 6th Earl of Arundel 8th 10th Earl of Surrey 1777 1786Henry Howard 1713 1787 Charles Philip Stourton 1752 1816 17th Baron StourtonCharles Howard 1746 1815 11th Duke of Norfolk 26th 19th 7th Earl of Arundel 9th 11th Earl of Surrey 1786 1815 William Stourton 1776 1846 18th Baron StourtonBernard Howard 1765 1842 12th Duke of Norfolk 27th 20th 8th Earl of Arundel 10th 12th Earl of Surrey 1815 1842 Charles Stourton 1802 1872 19th Baron StourtonHenry Howard 1791 1856 13th Duke of Norfolk 28th 21st 9th Earl of Arundel 11th 13th Earl of Surrey 1842 1856 Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeayance restored 1878Baron Howard of Glossop Alfred Joseph Stourton 1829 1893 24th Baron Segrave 21st 23rd Baron Mowbray 20th Baron StourtonHenry Granville Fitzalan Howard 1815 1860 14th Duke of Norfolk 29th 22nd 10th Earl of Arundel 12th 14th Earl of Surrey 1856 1860Edward George Fitzalan Howard 1818 1883 1st Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton 1867 1936 25th Baron Segrave 22nd 24th Baron Mowbray 21st Baron StourtonHenry Fitzalan Howard 1847 1917 15th Duke of Norfolk 30th 23rd 11th Earl of Arundel 13th 15th Earl of Surrey Lord Maltravers Earl of Arundel and Surrey 1860 1917Francis Fitzalan Howard 1859 1924 2nd Baron Howard of Glossop William Marmaduke Stourton 1895 1965 26th Baron Segrave 23rd 25th Baron Mowbray 22nd Baron StourtonBernard Fitzalan Howard 1908 1975 16th Duke of Norfolk 31st 24th 12th Earl of Arundel 14th 16th Earl of Surrey 1917 1975Bernard Fitzalan Howard 1885 1972 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Edward Stourton 1923 2006 27th Baron Segrave 24th 26th Baron Mowbray 23rd Baron StourtonMiles Fitzalan Howard 1915 2002 17th Duke of Norfolk 32nd 25th 13th Earl of Arundel 15th 17th Earl of Surrey 4th Baron Howard of Glossop 1975 2002 Edward William Stephen Stourton 1953 2021 28th Baron Segrave 25th 27th Baron Mowbray 24th Baron StourtonEdward Fitzalan Howard b 1956 18th Duke of Norfolk 33rd 26th 14th Earl of Arundel 16th 18th Earl of Surrey 5th Baron Howard of Glossop from 2002 James Charles Peter Stourton b 1991 29th Baron Segrave 26th 28th Baron Mowbray 25th Baron StourtonHenry Fitzalan Howard b 1987 styled Earl of Arundel and SurreyReferences edit Walker Ian W Mercia and the making of England Sutton 2000 ISBN 0 7509 2131 5 p130 Aemyers Genealogy Earl Athelfrith Retrieved on 2008 01 13 AEthelstan 26 Prosopography of Anglo Saxon England Retrieved 13 January 2008 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Cyril Hart The Danelaw London 1992 p 195 table 5 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Earl of East Anglia amp oldid 1211866731, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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